Ch20 Vocab. & Abbrev. Flashcards
(78 cards)
angiography
x-ray image (angiogram) of blood vessels and heart chambers is obtained after contrast is injected through a catheter into the appropriate blood vessel or heart chamber
cholangiography
x-ray imaging after injection of contrast into bile ducts
digital subtraction angiography (DSA)
x-ray image of contrast-injected blood vessels is produced by taking two x-ray pictures (the first without contrast) and using a computer to subtract obsurring shadows form the second image
hysterosalpingography
x-ray record of the endometrial cavity and fallopian tubes is obtained after injection of contrast material through the vagina and into the endocervical canal
myelography
x-ray imaging of the spinal cord (myel/o) after injection of contrast agent into the subarachnoid space surrounding the spinal cord
computed tomography (CT)
diagnostic x-ray procedure whereby a cross-sectional image of a specific body segment is produced. Newer CTT scanners can create 3D images as well
contrast studies
radiopaque materials (contrast media) are injected to obtain contrast between issues that would be indistinguishable from one another
gamma camera
machine to detect gamma rays emitted from radiopharmaceuticals during scanning for diagnostic purposes
half-life
time requirerd for a radioactive substances used in tracer studies
interventional radiology
therapeutic or diagnostic procedures performed by a radiologist.
examples are needle biopsy of a mass & drainage of an abscess, typically under guidance of CT, ultrasound, or fluoroscopy
in vitro
process, test, or procedure is performed, measured, or observed outside a living organism, oftn rina test tube
in vivo
process, test, or procedure is performed, measured, or observed within a living organism
ionization
transformation of electrically neutral substances into electrically charged particles.
x-rays cause ionization of particles within tissues
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
magnetic field and radio waves produce sagittal, coronal, and axial images of the body
nuclear medicine
medical specialty that uses radioactive substances (radionuclides) in the diagnosis and treatment of disease
positron emission tomography (PET)
positron-emitting radioactive substances given intravenously create a cross-sectional image of cellular metabolism based on local concentration of the radioactive substance.
PET scans give information about metabolic activity
radioimmunoassay
test combines radioactive chemicals and antibodies to detect minute quantities of substances in a patient’s blood
radioisotope
radioactive form of an element substance; radionuclide
radiolabeled compound
radiopharmaceutical;
used in nuclear medicine studies
radiology
medical specialty concerned with the study of x-rays and their use in the diagnosis of disease.
it includes other forms of energy, such as ultrasound and magnetic waves.
Also called diagnostic radiology
radiolucent
permitting the passage of x-rays.
radiolucent structures appear black on x-ray images
radionuclide
radioactive form of an element that gives off energy in the form of radiation;
radioisotopes
radiopaque
obstructing the passage of x-rays.
radiopaque structures appear white on the x-ray images
radiopharmaceutical
radioactive drug (radionuclide plus chemical) that is administer safely for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes;
a radiotracer
an example is technetium-99m, which combines with albumin (for lung perfusion) and DTPA (for renal imaging)
