CH13 - Aggression

Question 1

What is hostile aggression?

Answer 1

aggression motivated by anger and hostility and has the primary aim of harming others, either physically or psychologically.
ie genocide in Rwanda

Question 2

What is instrumental aggression?

Answer 2

behavior intended to harm others to achieve a goal

Question 3

What is the link between aggression and genetics?

Answer 3

• lvl testosterone, density of neural connections in front lobe
• MAOA gene: oxidase enzyme metabolizing certain neurotransmitters in synapses for smooth communication between neurons
• When shorter gene than usual, animals shown to be more aggressive which can be translated in humans too
• Genetic predisposition doesn’t affect likelihood of committing violence later
• When short gene + abuse in childhood combined, 3x more likely to commit crime
  =nature requires nurture to shape behavior

Question 4

What are factors for aggression?

Answer 4

1. genetics
2. hot weather
3. media violence
4. video games
5. social rejection and isolation
6. income inequality at any level and social context

Question 5

What kind of thoughts make u more likely to respond aggressively?

Answer 5

Blame + revenge, anger-related thoughts, fight-or-flight = unpleasant stimulus

Question 6

What is the definition of dehumanization?

Answer 6

people deny others their basic human nature + unique attributes that differentiate humans from other things - increased by group loyalty, often during genocide/rape. It can be avoided by looking at things from a distance

Question 7

What type of culture makes people more inclined to respond to insults with (threats of) violence?

Answer 7

The culture of honour

Question 8

What is inclusive fitness?

Answer 8

According to evolutionary theory, the fitness of an individual is based on reproductive success and the passing of one’s own genes and those of relatives to future generations

Question 9

Why are stepparents more likely to be abusive?

Answer 9

Stepparents incur with same advantages as a parent but its has no influence on inclusive fitness

Question 10

Which hypothesis has the following definition?

man’s gender identity is variable + vulnerable, which makes men more reactive to threats to their identity + more likely to behave aggressively to prove their manhood

Answer 10

The precarious manhood hypothesis

Question 11

What is reactive devaluation?

Answer 11

attaching less value to an offer in negotiation once the opposing group makes it.