Ch.14 Flashcards
1
Q
Eyelid
A
Blephar/o
2
Q
To bind together, conjunctiva
A
Conjunctiv/o
3
Q
Pupil
A
Cor/o
4
Q
Tear
A
Dacry/o
5
Q
Iris
A
Ir/o
6
Q
Hard, cornea
A
Kerat/o
7
Q
Membrane, eardrum
A
Myring/o
8
Q
Eye
A
Ocul/o, ophthalm/o, opt/o
9
Q
Ear
A
Ot/o
10
Q
Retina
A
Retin/o
11
Q
Nose
A
Rhin/o
12
Q
Hard, sclera
A
Scler/o
13
Q
The _____________ are a part of the nervous system that include _______________, which are specialized neurons that respond to a change in the environment, called a _____________
A
Special senses
Sensory receptors
Stimulus
14
Q
There are four special senses, each of which contains sensory receptors and supportive tissues. They are smell, or _____________; taste, or _____________; sight, or ___________; and hearing, or _____________
A
Olfaction
Gustation
Vision
Audition
15
Q
The special sense of sight, or vision, is performed by the _________, organs located in the orbits of the skull
A
Eyes
16
Q
Each eye contains ____________ sensitive to light, called ______________, and supportive structures
A
Sensory receptors
Photoreceptors
17
Q
The special sense of hearing, or audition, is centered within the ___________, which contain sensory receptors that respond to ____________
A
Ears
Mechanical vibrations
18
Q
Also within the ears are receptors providing you with the sense of ____________
A
Equilibrium
19
Q
Weakness
A
Asthen/o
20
Q
Eyelid
A
Blephar/o
21
Q
Pupil
A
Cor/o
22
Q
White
A
Leuk/o
23
Q
Eye
A
Ophthalm/o
24
Q
Condition of pain
A
-algia
25
Condition of
-ia
26
Inflammation
-itis
27
Condition of vision
-opia
28
Drooping
-ptosis
29
Abnormal discharge
-rrhagia
30
Symptom of eye weakness
-Usually resulting from reading a computer screen or book without frequent breaks
Asthenopia
31
Asthenopia is commonly referred to as ____________
Eyestrain
32
In some people of senior age, the eyelid droops over the eye abnormally called ____________
Blepharoptosis
33
A common sign of an inflammation of an eyelid is called ___________
-If the inflammation or trauma damages the eyelid, it may be required in a procedure known as _____________
Blepharitis
Blepharoplasty
34
The pupil is the black opening through the iris that allows light to enter the posterior cavity of the eyeball. The abnormal appearance of a white film in the pupil is a sign of disease. It is called ____________
Leukocoria
35
The symptom of eye pain is called __________
Ophthalmalgia
36
___________ means bleeding of the eye
Ophthalmorrhagia
37
Without, absence of
A-
38
Double
Dipl-
39
Excessive, abnormally high, above
Hyper-
40
To bind together, conjunctiva
Conjunctiv/o
41
Bladder, sac
Cyst/o
42
Tear
Dacry/o
43
Iris
Ir/o
44
Hard, cornea
Kerat/o
45
Stone
Lith/o
46
Eye
Ophthalm/o
47
Old age
Presby/o
48
Retina
Retin/o
49
Cavity
Sinus/o
50
Point
Stigmat/o
51
Condition of
-iasis
52
Condition or disease
-ism
53
Inflammation
-itis
54
Softening
-malacia
55
Condition of vision
-opia
56
Disease
-pathy
57
Paralysis
-plegia
58
___________ occurs when the nerve pathway from one eye fails to develop, sending a blurred image to the brain
-Common cause of vision loss in children
Amblyopia
59
Common term for amblyopia is _____________
Lazy eye
60
Many children with amblyopia are also diagnosed with _______________, in which one or both eyes are crossed
Strabismus
61
The lens of the eye is normally transparent. In the condition known as _____________, transparency of the lens is reduced
-Formation may occur as a birth defect in a newborn, although it is usually a normal part of the aging process
Cataract
62
The conjunctiva is a thin membrane covering the anterior, exposed part of the eye and the inner eyelid. Although it serves as a protective film, it may become inflamed when exposed to bacteria, viruses, or injury. This is called ______________
-May also produce symptoms of itchiness, pain, tearing, and a yellow crusty exudate
Conjunctivitis
63
Common term for conjunctivitis is _________
Pinkeye
64
The lacrimal apparatus is a tear-forming, gland with associated tubes and chambers, mainly located near the medial side of each eyeball. The presence of rocky particles in the apparatus is a condition known as ______________
-It is a painful condition that often leads to inflammation of the lacrimal apparatus, known as ______________
-If the inflammation should pass into the adjacent sinuses, the condition becomes _____________
Dacryolithiasis
Dacryocystitis
Dacryosinusitis
65
A common cause of blindness is ___________
-It occurs when the retina tears away from the choroid layer of the eye
-Can be caused by a severe blow to the head, high blood pressure, or old age
Detached retina
66
Condition of double vision is called ____________
-May result from a weakened extrinsic eye muscles, defects in the lens, or a condition of the brain
Diplapia
67
In the disease of the eye known as _____________, a loss of vision occurs when the fluid pressure within the anterior chamber of the eyeball (called intraocular pressure) rises above normal and spreads to the posterior chamber, thereby pushing against the delicate retina and optic nerve
Glaucoma
68
A meibomian gland is a small gland in the eyelid that secretes lubricating fluid onto the conjunctiva. An infection of the gland produces a local swelling of the eyelid, known as a ____________
-Also called a ____________
-A chronic form of this infection is often called a _____________
Hordeolum
Sty
Chalazion
69
During a bacterial infection of the eye, parts of the eye may become inflamed, When the iris is affected, the condition is known as __________, and when the cornea becomes inflamed, it is called ______________
Iritis
Keratitis
70
The macula lutea is a small area of the retina that contains a high density of photoreceptors, known as cone cells. Because of the high concentration of cone cells, it is the area of sharpest vision. Progressive deterioration of the macula lutea leads to a loss of visual focus and is called ______________
Macular degeneration (AMD)
71
__________ means softening of the eye
____________ means paralysis of the eye
-Each of these conditions are forms of eye disease, or ___________
Ophthalmomalacia
Ophthalmoplegia
Ophthalmopathy
72
A general term for a disease of the retina is the term _____________
Retinopathy
73
A common form of retinopathy occurs among people with unmanaged diabetes mellitus and is called ______________
Diabetic retinopathy
74
Condition of the eye that result in a reduction of vision, or "low vision," resulting from an error in the refraction (bending) of light as it travels through the eye are known as _______________
-Often caused by defects in the lens, cornea, or shape of the eyeball
Refractive errors
75
Four types of refractive errors
Myopia
Hyperopia
Presbyopia
Astigmatism
76
__________, or nearsightedness, occurs when a person can see near objects but cannot see distant objects clearly
Myopia
77
___________, farsightedness, occurs when a person can see distant objects but cannot see near objects clearly
Hyperopia
78
____________ is an age-related form of refractive error beginning soon after the age of 40 years, often in the form of hyperopia that worsens with time
Presbyopia
79
____________ occurs when the curvature of the eye is defective, resulting in blurred near and far vision.
Astigmatism (Ast)
80
___________ is the normal condition of the eye
Emmetropia (Em)
81
Within
Intra-
82
Bladder, sac
Cyst/o
83
Tear
Dacry/o
84
Hard, cornea
Kerat/o
85
Eye
Ocul/o, Opt/o
86
Radius
Radi/o
87
Nose
Rhin/o
88
Pertaining to
-ar
89
One who studies
-logist
90
One who measures
-metrist
91
Surgical creation of an opening
-stomy
92
Incision, to cut
-tomy
93
During _____________, a lens damaged by a cataract is surgically removed and replaced with an artificial lens called an ______________
-Most common technique is _____________
Cataract extraction
Intraocular lens (IOL)
Phacoemulsification (phaco)
94
The cornea is normally transparent but may lose its transparency from exposure to ultraviolet light or become damaged from an injury. The most common treatment of corneal damage is _________________
-The injured cornea is removed and replaced by implantation of a donor or synthetic cornea
Corneal grafting
95
Two primary treatments for the medical emergency of a detached retinas, which are often needed to prevent blindness
Cryopexy
Scleral buckling
96
In __________, tiny holes are created through the retina by laser treatment, which "welds" the retina back into place
Cryopexy
97
The other technique to treat a detached retina is ______________, in which a tiny synthetic band is attached to the white outside layer of the eyeball (called the sclera) to push the wall of the eye against the detached retina
Scleral buckling
98
To treat dacryocystitis antibiotic eyedrops are often used to defeat the bacterial infection. In some cases, a _____________ may be needed
-A channel is surgically created between the nasal cavity and lacrimal sac to promote drainage
Dacryocystorhinostomy
99
_____________ is the use of a laser to reshape the corneal tissue beneath the surface of the cornea to correct refractive errors
Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK)
100
Corrective refractive errors is usually attempted with _____________ or _______________
Corrective lenses
Contact lenses
101
An ___________ is a health professional (not a physician) trained to examine eyes to correct vision problems and eye disorders
Optometrist
102
An _____________ is a physician who specializes in the study and treatment of diseases associayed with the eyes
Opthalmologist
103
A _______________ is a form of refractive surgery because it corrects the refractive error of myopia
Radial keratotomy
104
Without, absence of
An-
105
Excessive, abnormally high, above
Hyper-
106
Alongside, abnormal
Para-
107
Ear
Ot/o
108
Condition of hearing
-acusis
109
Condition of apin
-algia
110
Abnormal discharge
-rrhagia
111
Discharge
-rrhea
112
___________ refers to a total loss of hearing
Anacusis
113
___________ refers to a symptom of abnormally sensitive hearing
Hyperacusis
114
_____________ is a symptom of partial loss of hearing
Paracusis
115
___________ means pain in the ear
Otalgia
116
Otalgia is also known as _________
Earache
117
_________ means bleeding from the external ear canal
Otorrhagia
118
______________ means abnormal drainage (of pus) from the ear
Otorrhea
119
Two common symptoms of the ears and hearing are ____________ and ______________
Tinnitus
Vertigo
120
They are ____________, which is a ringing or buzzing sensation in the ears
Tinnitus
121
______________ is a sensation of spinning or whirling motion
Vertigo
122
Exterior
Extern/o
123
Resembling a breast
Mastoid/o
124
Middle
Med/o
125
Ear
Ot/o
126
Old age
Presby/o
127
Hard, sclera
Scler/o
128
Condition of hearing
-acusis
129
Inflammation
-itis
130
Condition of
-osis
131
Disease
-pathy
132
A relatively common source of partial hearing loss and ear drainage is called _______________
-It is the formation of a cyst-like ball of epithelial cells in the middle ear
-Can enlarge to cause a complete loss of hearing in the affected ear and neurological complications
Cholesteatoma
133
Inflammation of the part resembling a breast
Mastoiditis
134
A chronic disease of the inner ear is known as _____________
-Includes symptoms of vertigo, or a spinning motion, and tinnitus, or ringing in the ears
Meniere's disease
135
The general term for inflammation of the ear is ____________
-In one form of this disease, the external auditory canal is involved, causing local sensations of pain, and is called ________________
-In another form, the middle ear is involved to cause local pain and a temporary loss of hearing. Known as ___________
Otitis
Otitis externa
Otitis media (OM)
136
Both otitis externa and otitis media are ___________
Otopathies
137
An abnormal formation of bone within the ear, usually between the stapes and the oval window of the middle ear, is known as ____________
Otosclerosis
138
A gradual loss of hearing with advancing age is a very common condition called __________
Presbyacusis
139
Hearing
Audi/o
140
Maze, inner ear
Labyrinth/o
141
Resembling a breast
Mastoid/o
142
Membrane, eardrum
Myring/o
143
Ear
Ot/o
144
Eardrum
Tympan/o
145
Surgical excision, removal
-ectomy
146
One who studies
-logist
147
Study or science of
-logy
148
Measurement, process of measuring
-metry
149
Surgical repair
-plasty
150
Instrument used for viewing
-scope
151
Process of viewing
-scopy
152
Incision, to cut
-tomy
153
The study of hearing disorders is a field of practice called ____________
-One who specializes in hearing disorders and treatment is called an __________
-The procedure involving the measurement of hearing is usually performed by an _________ and is called ____________
Audiology
Audiologist
Audiologist
Audiometry
154
A ______________ is a small electronic device that helps to provide a sensation of sound to a person who is profoundly deaf of very hard of hearing
Cochlear implant
155
In some severe cases of permanent hearing loss, the inner ear, or labyrinth, is surgically removed and replaced with a synthetic hearing device. The surgical removal of the inner ear is called ____________
Labyrinthectomy
156
In some patients, it may become necessary to surgically remove part of the mastoid process of the temporal bone to treat severe mastoiditis. This procedure is called ___________
-The procedure is preceded by making an incision into the mastoid process in a procedure called _______________
Mastoidectomy
Mastoidotomy
157
A surgical repair of the eardrum is called ___________
-An incision into the eardrum is called ___________
Myringoplasty
Myringotomy
158
The medical field of ear disorders and their treatment is called ___________
-The instrument that is used in a physical exam to view the ear canal and eardrum uses the same combining form and is called an ___________
-The exam procedure is called ______________
Otology
Otoscope
Otoscope
159
A procedure that evaluates the elasticity of the eardrum by measuring its movement is called __________
-The surgical repair of the eardrum is called ______________
Tympanometry
Tympanoplasty
