Ch.3

Question 0

What are the different levels of organization that scientists study?

Answer 0

1. Species
2. Populations
3. Communities
4. Ecosystems
5. Biome
6. Biosphere

Question 1

Ecology

Answer 1

The scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment or surroundings

Question 2

Species

Answer 2

Organisms that can produce fertile offspring

Question 3

Populations

Answer 3

Individuals from same species living in the same area

Question 4

Communities

Answer 4

Different populations living in an area

Question 5

Ecosystem

Answer 5

All organisms and non-living environment of an area

Question 6

Biome

Answer 6

Group of ecosystems with the same climate and dominant communities

Question 7

Biosphere

Answer 7

The portion of earth that up ports life including land, water, and air

Question 8

What are biotic factors?

Answer 8

Biological influences, all living things

Question 9

What are abiotic factors?

Answer 9

Physical, non-living factors

Question 10

What happens when you put biotic and abiotic factors together?

Answer 10

They make up the environment where an organism lives and affects an organism and its survival and growth

Question 11

What are the different ways to study ecology?

Answer 11

1. Observing
2. Experimenting
3. Modeling

Question 12

Where is modeling mostly used?

Answer 12

The study of ecology due to areas and the length of time needed to observe interactions

Question 13

What are the characteristics of life?

Answer 13

Obtain materials and energy

Question 14

What are the first steps in any food chain or food web

Answer 14

Primary producers=autotrophs

Question 15

What way does energy flow through an ecosystem?

Answer 15

One way

Question 16

What does the flow of energy determine?

Answer 16

An ecosystem’s ability to sustain life

Question 17

Phytoplankton

Answer 17

Floating algae

Question 18

Consumers=?

Answer 18

Heterotrophs

Question 19

How to heterotrophs sustain energy?

Answer 19

Ingesting (eating)

Question 20

Detrivores

Answer 20

Eat waste

Question 21

Scavengers

Answer 21

Eat dead things

Question 22

What order does the food chain go in?

Answer 22

1. Sun
2. Autotrophs
3. First level consumer
4. Second level consumer
5. Third level consumer
6. Decomposers

Question 23

What are the first level consumers?

Answer 23

Herbivores

Question 24

What are the second level consumers?

Answer 24

Carnivores

Question 25

What are the third level consumers?

Answer 25

Feed on carnivores

Question 26

Decomposers

Answer 26

Bacteria and fungi that feed on every level and return nutrients o the environment

Question 27

Food chain

Answer 27

A series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten

Question 28

Food web

Answer 28

Shows all of the possible feeding relationships. More realistic because organisms depend on more than one species for food

Question 29

Krill

Answer 29

Type of zooplankton

Question 30

Trophic level

Answer 30

Each step in a food chain or food web

Question 31

Who is in the first trophic level?

Answer 31

Producers

Question 32

Ecological Pyramid

Answer 32

A model that demonstrates relative amounts of energy or matter in trophic levels.

Question 33

What percentage is transferred to the next level of the ecological pyramid?

Answer 33

10%

Question 34

When an organism is consumed where does the energy come from?

Answer 34

The body tissue

Question 35

Biomass

Answer 35

Shows the amount of living matter t each level

Question 36

Pyramid of numbers

Answer 36

Shows the relative number of individual organisms at each level

Question 37

Biogeochemical Cycles

Answer 37

When certain chemicals flow through the biological and geological world, the flow is not in one direction

Question 38

What does transpiration give off?

Answer 38

Water vapor

Question 39

What does carbon dioxide give off?

Answer 39

Respiration

Question 40

What happens if a nutrient is in short supply?

Answer 40

The growth of the organism could be limited

Question 41

What do ecologists measure the health of?

Answer 41

Ecosystem

Question 42

Primary productivity

Answer 42

The rate at which organic matter is created by producers

Question 43

Where is primary productivity the highest?

Answer 43

Around the equator

Question 44

Limiting nutrient

Answer 44

The one nutrient that is scarce, or cycles slowly, limiting the growth of an organism in an ecosystem

Question 45

Who can limiting nutrients be a big issue for?

Answer 45

Farmers

Question 46

Fertilizer

Answer 46

Missing nutrients to the farmers soil

Question 47

What is the limiting nutrient in the ocean (saltwater)

Answer 47

Nitrogen

Question 48

What is the limiting nutrient in fresh water?

Answer 48

Phosphorus

Question 49

Algae bloom

Answer 49

When there is a sudden addition of a limiting nutrient, and producers grow quickly. There are not enough consumers for all of the producers

Question 50

Where do many algae blooms happen?

Answer 50

Shallow warm water