Champagne Flashcards
(261 cards)
1
Q
What is the date of the royal decree allowing Champagne to be transported in bottle as opposed to barrel?
A
May 25, 1728
2
Q
What are the 9 Grand Cru Villages of Montagne de Reims?
A
- Sillery
- Puisieulx
- Beaumont sur Vesle
- Verzenay
- Mailly Champagne
- Verzy
- Louvois
- Bouzy
- Ambonnay
3
Q
When did INAO recently broaden the appellation area of Champagne?
A
2009
- 319 villages to 357
4
Q
In what year were the terms grand cru and premier cru legally allowed in Champagne?
A
1952
5
Q
How many premier cru villages are in Vallee de la Marne?
A
8
6
Q
How much does a standard champagne press hold?
A
4000 kilos
7
Q
How many hectares is Clos d’Ambonnay?
A
.7 ha (1.69 acres)
8
Q
What famous lieu dit straddles the towns of Ay and Dizy?
A
Le Leon
9
Q
In what village is Cattier’s ‘Clos de Moulin’ parcel located?
A
Ludes
10
Q
How many premier cru villages are in Montagne de Reims?
A
25
11
Q
What is the aspect of Verzy and Verzenay vineyards?
A
north facing
12
Q
When was Dom Pierre Perignon cellar master at the Abbey of Hautvillers?
A
1668-1715
13
Q
Who is the most prominent grower on the Hill of Montgeux?
A
Emmanuel Lassaigne
14
Q
What well known producer is located in Val du Petit Morin?
A
Ulysse Colin
15
Q
What was the first prestige cuvee and when was the first vintage?
A
Roederer Cristal (made for Czar Alexander II of Russia)
1876
16
Q
Where is Paul Bara located?
A
Bouzy, Montagne de Reims
17
Q
What is the term for the release of older vintages of base wine for use in the assemblage of champagne?
A
deblocage
18
Q
List 3 bottlings made from 100% pinot blanc
A
- Roses de Jeanne La Boloree (Cedric Bouchard)
- L’Original (Pierre Gerbais)
- Textures (Vouette et Sorbee)
- Colas Robin (Piollot)
- Cuvee des Lys (Phillipe Fontaine)
- Cuvee Heritage (Emmanuel Tassin)
- Le Champ du Clos (Charles Dufour)
- Pinot Blanc Extra Brut (Chassenay d’Arce)
19
Q
What are the 6 Grand Cru villages of Cote des Blancs?
A
- Chouilly
- Oiry
- Cramant
- Avize
- Oger
- Le Mesnil sur Oger
20
Q
What was the inaugural vintage of Les Crayeres and what grape is used?
A
1989
100% pinot noir
21
Q
What are the 4 heirloom varietals permitted in champagne?
A
- arbanne
- pinot gris
- pinot blanc
- petit meslier
22
Q
Which two villages are known for having the sunniest exposure in Champagne?
A
- Bouzy
- Ambonnay
23
Q
List 3 non-dosage champagnes
A
- Agrapart ‘Venus’
- Larmandier Bernier ‘Terre de Vertus’
- Georges Laval ‘Les Chenes’
- Roederer ‘Brut Nature’
- Roses de Jeanne ‘Les Ursules’
- Vouette et Sorbee ‘Blanc d’Argile’
24
Q
What was the inaugural vintage of Cuvee Sir Winston Churchill?
A
1975
25
In what village is Bollinger located?
Ay
26
In what village is Delamotte located?
Le Mesnil sur Oger
27
Define SR in terms of champagne
Societe des Recoltants
- a firm of growers who share resources and make several brands
28
In what village is the lieu-dit 'Les Chetillons' located?
Le Mesnil sur Oger
29
What is the exposure of the vineyards in Bouzy?
south facing
30
How long after the date of tirage can champagne be disgorged?
min 12 months
31
Which two villages in the Grand Montagne are known for chardonnay?
- Trepail
- Villers Marmery
32
The lieux dits of 'Les Maladries', 'Le Clos Jacquin', and 'Les Barmonts' are all located in what village?
Avize
33
What are the legal age minimums for NV and vintage champagnes?
NV - 15 months in bottle
Vintage - min 3 years in bottle
34
Define CM in relation to champagne
Cooperative Manipulant
- co op of growers producing under a single brand
35
In what region are the premier cru villages of Bisseuil, Cumieres, Dizy, Hautvillers, and Mareuil sur Ay found?
Vallee de la Marne
36
What villages are considered northern Cote des Blancs?
- Chouilly
- Oiry
- Cuis
- Cramant
- Avize
37
What was the first brut champagne on the market?
Pommery 'Nature' (1874)
38
In what village is Egly-Ouriet located?
Ambonnay
39
List 2 producers who make a saignee rose
- Geoffroy
- Christophe Mignon (Pur Meunier)
- Mouzon Leroux (L'Incadescent)
- Georges Laval
40
In what town is the parcel Clos des Goisses located? What is the soil type found in that lieu-dit?
Mareuil-sur-Ay, pure chalk soil
41
Define RC in terms of champagne
Recoltant Cooperateur
- growers who vinify at a co-op but sell under their own label
42
What two ungrafted pinot plots belonging to Bollinger have escaped phylloxera? In which wine are they used?
- Chaudes Terres
- Clos Saint Jacques
used in Vieille Vignes Francaise
43
What are the three serres/pressings in the production of champagne?
Cuvee - 1st 2050 liters
Taille - next 500 liters
Rebeche - all further pressings, used in distillation
44
In what region is Chigny les Roses found?
Montagne de Reims
45
What are the two Grand Cru villages of Vallee de la Marne?
- Ay
- Tours sur Marne (red only)
46
What is the minimum potential alcohol in the base wine of Champagne AOP?
9%
47
What is the local name for pinot gris in champagne?
fromonteu
48
What is debourbage?
The overnight settling of fresh grape juice to allow any large solids or foreign matter to settle
49
What is the max RS in the base wine of Champagne AOP?
10 g/L
50
What is officially regarded as the 1st vintage of Salon?
1905
51
How many premier cru villages are in Cote des Blancs?
9
52
The pinot noir used in Dom Perignon comes from which 5 villages?
- Ay
- Bouzy
- Mailly Champagne
- Verzenay
- Hautvillers
53
In what year was Champagne delimited?
1908
54
What grape accounts for the largest acreage in Champagne?
pinot noir
55
What is the soil type of the Cote des Bar?
dense clay limestone
56
In what year was 'Les Chetillons' added to the name of Cuvee Speciale, the monoparcel of Pierre Peters?
2000
57
How many hectares is Clos de Mesnil?
1.8 ha (4.5 acres)
58
What 4 villages are considered southern Cote des Blancs?
- Oger
- Le Mesnil sur Oger
- Vertus
- Bergeres les Vertus
59
What is the well known hill of chardonnay in the Aube?
Montgeux
60
What Montagne de Reims subdistrict is known for producing the best pinot noir?
Grande Montagne
61
How many Grand Cru villages are in Champagne?
17
62
What 2 villages in the Cote des Blancs are known for producing both chardonnay and pinot noir?
- Chouilly
- Vertus
63
In what year did un update to the delimitation of Champagne re-instate the Aube?
1927
64
What are the only 2 vine training methods allowed in GC and PC champagne?
- Cordon du Royat (most common for pn)
- Chablis (most common for chard)
65
How many premier cru villages are in Champagne?
42
66
How many villages are in the Cote des Blancs?
11
67
What were the inaugural vintages of Dom Ruinart and Dom Ruinart rose?
BdB - 1959
Rose - 1966
68
Mouzon Leroux's 'L'Ineffable' is made with fruit from what village?
Verzy
69
What was the first vintage of Clos du Mesnil?
1979
70
What was the first vintage of Clos des Goisses?
1935
71
What is the min must weight in Champagne?
143 g/L
72
Charles de Galle is the prestige cuvee of what Champagne house?
Drappier
73
What are considered the poorest vintages in Champagne in the past decade?
- 2011
- 2016
- 2017
74
What is the primary soil type in the Cote des Bars?
Kimmeridgian marl
75
who discovered the exact amount of sugar required to induce secondary fermentation without breaking a glass bottle?
Andre Francois
76
What are the characteristics of Oger fruit?
- weighty, intense, and ripe
- often blended due to a lack of finesse alone
77
The chardonnay used in Dom Perignon comes from which 4 villages?
- Chouilly
- Cramant
- Avize
- Le Mesnil sur Oger
78
What is the primary grape grown in the Vallee de la Marne?
meunier
79
What is the prestige cuvee of Laurent Perrier?
Grand Siecle
80
What is the purpose of winter pruning in champagne?
- controls future production of grapes
- directs vine growth
- guides sap top fruit producing buds
81
What is the term for the action of a press going down?
serre
82
What is the grape used in Billecart's 'Clos St Hilaire?'
pinot noir
83
What are the 3 prestige cuvees of Bollinger?
- La Grande Annee
- RD
- Vieilles Vignes Francaise
84
What style of wine is allowed under the Rose des Riceys AOP?
still rose of 100% pinot noir
85
What is unique about the aging of Selosse's 'Substance' bottling?
- made via perpetual cuvee/ solera started in 1986
86
How many grams of sugar are in extra brut champagne?
0-6 g/L
87
What is the grape of Clos du Mesnil?
Chardonnay
88
What is the grape of Clos d'Ambonnay?
pinot noir
89
What is the max. percentage of a total year's harvest that can be sold as vintage champagne?
80%
90
What was the inaugural vintage of Dom Perignon?
1921
91
Grande Vallee de la Marne is dominated by which grape?
pinot noir
92
What is the prestige cuvee of Gosset?
Celebris
93
What is the max. amount of grapes an RM can purchase?
5%
94
How many grams of sugar are in brut nature champagne?
< 3 g/L
95
Who is the chief manufacturer of the traditional basket press in Champagne?
Coquard
96
' Substance' is the prestige cuvee of what Champagne house?
Jacques Selosse
97
What is the prestige cuvee of Pommery?
Cuvee Louise
98
What are the 5 districts of Champagne?
- Montagne de Reims
- Cote des Blancs
- Vallee de la Marne
- Cotes de Sezanne
- Aube
99
Until 1990, what organization tied prices to rankings in champagne?
Echelle de Crus
100
What are the two still wine AOPs in Champagne?
- Coteaux Champenois
- Rose des Riceys
101
What is the primary grape grown in the Montagne de Reims and Aube?
pinot noir
102
What 2 champagne vintages are considered the best of the 21st century?
- 2008
- 2012
103
In what vintages did Charles Heidseick have 2 prestige cuvees and what were they?
1983 - 1985
- Champagne Charlie (discontinued after '85)
- Blanc des Millenaires (1st vintage '83)
104
What is the prestige cuvee of Piper Heidseick?
Rare
105
What styles of wine are allowed under Coteaux Champenois AOP?
dry, still red, white and rose
106
What is the difference in soil type between Le Mesnil sur Oger and Avize?
MsO - all chalk
Avize - chalk with young, clay rich soils on upper slopes
107
During secondary fermentation, how many grams of sugar will result in one atmosphere of pressure?
4 grams = 1 atmosphere
108
Les Barres, Les Orizeaux, and Les Alliees are all monoparcels of what champagne house?
Chartogne Taillet
109
Clos du Moulin is a monoparcel of what champagne house?
Cattier
110
How many grams of sugar are in brut champagne?
< 12 g
111
What two famous 'rebel' producers are located in Avize
- Selosse
- Pascal Agrapart
112
What is the flavor profile of Chouilly fruit vs Cuis fruit?
Chouilly - sunny, floral, subtle
Cuis - mineral, austere
113
What river flows north of Cote des Blancs?
Marne
114
Venus is an all chardonnay monoparcel of what champagne house?
Agrapart
115
No champagne can be bottled before what date following harvest?
Jan 1
116
What is the oldest Champagne house still in operation?
Gosset (est 1584)
117
What percentage of plantings in Chouilly are chardonnay?
99%
118
Christophe Mignon is a biodynamic producer specializing in which grape?
meunier
119
What soil types are found in Vallee de la Marne?
sand, clay, limestone
120
What is the oldest sparkling Champagne house?
Ruinart (est 1729)
121
When was the official appellation of Champagne created?
July 1936
122
Who produces Clos St Hilaire?
Billecart-Salmon
123
What is the common maceration time for Rose des Riceys?
1 week
124
What are the 4 vine training methods allowed in Champagne?
- Cordon du Royat
- Chablis
- Guyot
- Vallee de la Marne
125
How many grams of sugar are in sec and demi-sec champagne?
sec 17-32 g/L
demi sec 32-50 g/L
126
What percentage of Charles Heidseick 'Brut Reserve' comes from reserve wines over 10 years old?
approx 40%
127
The slopes of Ay face what direction?
south
128
Cetherine de Medicis is the prestige cuvee of whar champagne house?
De Meric
129
What is the French term for disgorgement by hand?
degorgement a la volee
130
What are the characteristics of Cramant fruit?
-luxe, dense, pulpy
131
What is the champenois term for a second crop?
bouvreu
132
What percentage of plantings in the Cote des Blancs is chardonnay?
98%
133
How many bottles does a standard gyropallette hold?
504
134
What is the planting density in Champagne?
max. 2.5 sq meters per vine
135
How many hectares are under vine in the Marne Valley?
approx 9000
136
What is the soil type in the Grande Vallee de la Marne?
heavy clay and belemnite chalk
137
How many bottles in a methuselah?
8
138
What local cooper makes barrels only for champagne?
Jerome Viard
139
The Grand Cru villages of Cote des Blancs have vineyards facing in what direction?
East (gentle morning sun and protection from western storms)
140
What temperature is the brine used in champagne disgorgement?
-16.6 degrees F
141
In what year did Jean Antoine Chaptal identify the connection between sugar and fermentation?
1801
142
In what year was bous de ville (urban compost) outlawed in champagne vineyards?
1999
143
What percentage of Montagne de Reims plantings is pinot noir?
41%
144
Where is the village of Ambonnay?
Montagne de Reims
145
What grapes are permitted in Coteaux Champenois AOP?
- chardonnay
- meunier
- pinot noir
- pinot gris
- arbanne
- petit meslier
146
What is the soil type of Vertus and Bergeres les Vertus?
clay, flint, sand
147
How many bottles in a salamanzar?
12
148
How many standard bottles in a Jeroboam? How many 5 oz glasses would that provide?
4 standard bottles
20 glasses
149
What is the primary grape of the Petit Montagne?
meunier
150
How many bottles in a Balthazar?
16
151
How many grams of sugar are in extra dry champagne?
12 -17 g/L
152
What is the prestige cuvee of Chartogne Taillet?
Fiacre
153
How many producers are part of the Special Club?
28
154
What is the prestige cuvee of Ayala and what is the dominant grape?
Perle d'Ayala
chardonnay dominant (80%)
155
Fleur de Champagne was the US label for what prestige cuvee and in what year was this label discontinued?
Perrier Jouet 'Belle Epoque'
2002
156
How is Rose des Riceys vinified?
semi-carbonic maceration
157
What are the two main types of chalk in champagne?
- belemnite (fossilized cephalopods, found mostly on slopes)
- micraster (fossilized sea urchin, found in flatter valley vineyards)
158
What is the name for the crown cap used in secondary fermentation?
bidule
159
Where is the Stockinger cooperage located?
Austria
160
Why was meunier the choice for high production champagne houses?
- late budding (avoid frost damage)
- early ripening
- fruity profile
161
What vine training method in champagne is used for meunier only?
Vallee de la Marne (double guyot) - adapts well to below zero temps
162
List 3 biodynamic champagne producers
- Roederer
- Fleury
- Francois Bedel
- Larmandier Bernier
- Leclapart
- Vouette & Sorbee
163
Since 1931, Forest-Forneaux (est 1734) has been known by what name?
Taittinger
164
Champagne lies at what latitude?
48th/49th parallel
165
Describe jetting
before corking, a small amount of wine/water and SO2 is added to champagne which causes foaming and expels oxygen
166
What is the prestige cuvee of Pol Roger?
Cuvee Sir Winston Churchill
167
What is the name of the wire cage on a champagne bottle?
muselet
168
What AOP represents the only vin di liqueur in champagne?
Ratafia AOP
169
In what village is Drappier located?
Urville, Cote des Bar
170
What grape is used in Egly Ouriet's Les Crayeres?
pinot noir
171
What is considered the benchmark of single vineyard champagne?
Philipponat 'Clos de Goisses'
(1st vintage 1935)
172
What is the primary grape grown in the Cote de Sezanne?
chardonnay
173
What is the purpose of spring plowing in champagne?
- encourages roots to dig deeper
- incorporates cover crops into soil, adding nutrients
174
Taittinger's Les Folies de la Marquettrie comes from a single vineyard in which village?
Pierry, Coteaux Sud d'Epernay
175
What is the famous forest in Champagne?
Ardenne
176
Why is Pinot Meunier considered the preferential grape to plant in the Vallée de la Marne?
The Vallee has a compressed growing season with a shorter summer. Pinot Meunier buds later
making it less susceptible to frost, and ripens better on the clay dominant soils.
177
Name three requirements to produce a champagne under the Club Tresors label
- must be an RM
- all estate bottling
- wines are subject to a tasting both as vin clair and after 3 years in the bottle
- single vintage, outstanding years only
- wines must be bottled in the approved special club bottle emblazoned with the special
club logo
- must be the producer’s tete de cuvee
178
Who pioneered the process of remuage (riddling)?
Madame Barbe-Nicole Ponsardin
179
What is the newly permitted 8th grape of champagne?
voltis (mildew resistent)
180
Pinot noir makes up what percentage of total grapes grown in champagne?
38%
181
What limit did the CIVIC set for juice extraction in champagne in 1992
102 liters of must for every 160 kg of grapes or 2550 litres from 4000kg
182
When was the Echelle de Cru abolished entirely?
2010
183
What are the lees ageing requirements for non vintage champagne?
must be aged for at least 15 months with a minimum 12 months on lees
184
Name 2 Premier Cru Villages of the Cotes de blancs
- Bergères-lès-Vertus
- Cuis
- Étréchy
- Grauves
- Pierry
- Val-des-Marais (Coligny)
- Vertus
- Villeneuve-Renneville-Chevigny
- Voipreux
185
Rose de Riceys is produced in which region of Champagne?
Cotes des Bars
186
In what recent vintages was Clos d'Ambonnay not produced?
1997
1999
2001
2003
2004
2005
187
In what recent vintages was Clos de Mesnil not produced?
1999
2001
2005
188
What is the only Grand Cru in Cote des Blancs with pinot noir planted?
Chouilly
189
Who was the first to document / discover what is now referred to as ‘the champagne method?’
Christopher Merret 1662
190
What crucial innovation allowed for the regular production of ‘method champenoise’ wine?
Coal fired glass from England, much stronger than wood fired glass
191
Who owns Domaine Évremond and where is it?
Taittinger - Kent England
192
What are the three limestones of Champagne
- Kimmiredigan
- Oxfordian
- Portlandian
193
Massif de Saint-Thierry, Monts de Berru, Ardre Valley, and Vesle Valley are what and where?
sub-districts of the Montagne de Reims, along with the Grande Montagne and City of Reims
194
What is the most planted grape of the Grande Vallee? Why?
Pinot Noir - because the soils are an extension of the chalk of the southern montagne while also being sunny and south facing
195
Mailly Champagne and Verzenay face which direction?
north
196
What part of the blend of a bottle of vintage champagne does not have to be from the declared vintage?
liqueur d’expédition
197
What is the parentage of chardonnay?
gouais blanc X pinot noir
198
What is the parentage of petit meslier?
gouais blanc X savagnin
199
Morillon is a synonym for what grape in champagne?
chardonnay
200
What two clos are in the city of Reims?
- Clos Pompadour (pommery)
- Clos Lanson
201
What is the Surmelin?
tributary of the Marne River
202
What was ‘Clos du Mesnil’ called before Krug owned it?
Clos de la Chapitre
203
What was the first labeled ‘blanc de noirs’ in champagne?
Bollinger VVF
204
What are the three method’s in which rose champagne is made?
- saignee
- maceration
- blending of red and white wine
205
What producer made the first rose champagne?
Ruinart 'Oeil de Perdrix' (1764)
206
Roedered 'Carte Blanche,' Selosse 'Equise,' and Pol Roger 'Riche' are all what style of Champagne?
demi sec
207
What three sweeteners may be used in champagne?
- RCGM
- Beet sugar
- grape juice
208
When does the CIVC set harvest yields?
July
209
What two rivers influence the Vallee de la Marne?
- Surmelin
- Marne
210
What is the ouverture de la vendange?
Decree dictating when the harvest is allowed to begin on a village-by-village, variety-by-variety basis
211
What is the average alcohol range for vin clair designated for NV wines?
9.5% - 10%
212
How does not de-stemming black grapes in Champagne affect the final must?
the fibrous material of the stems and stalks creates a network of canals through which the juice rapidly drains. This is particularly advantageous for black grape varieties, as it helps avoid coloration.
213
Why would a champagne maker runoff the first 50-65 liters of cuvee and declassify it a taille?
- if grapes were wet with rain
- if grapes had some rot
- if it hadn't rained since last spraying
214
What is the term for the solids that settle to the bottom of a vat during debourbage?
Bourbes (particles of skin, stalk, pips, and more)
215
Why would a champagne maker employ a double debourbage?
To use less Sulphur on the final wine
216
What is the size of a champagne Pieces?
205L
217
What innovation in winemaking technique became available when non-oak vessels became the norm?
Temperature control, and thus, control of malolactic conversion became available
218
Why are more Champagnes made with lower malolactic conversion percentages in the modern era (post 2015)?
warmer temperatures combined with early ripening clones is making the textural effect of malo not needed to the same extent.
219
Why must Champagne be tartrate stable at the time of bottling?
the crystals serve as nucleation points for CO2, which causes gushing on opening
220
What Champagne house stores their reserve wines in Magnums?
Bollinger
221
In what scenarios would producers in champagne use high stocks of reserve wines when they normally would not?
- to bolster weak wine in a poor vintage
- to temper hot, early harvest years with wine from a lighter, fresher vintage
- in excellent years when wines are so distinct that lesser amounts of reserve wine wouldn't make a difference
222
What is remise en cercles?
In the rare cases when the secondary fermentation is ineffective, or when a batch of wine is technically correct but a decision has been made not to commercialize, the wine must be returned to the vat and reblended. French winemakers call this procedure remise en cercles (return to hoops), a reference to the hoops around a wooden barrel.
223
Why is a strong source of YAN required in the second champagne fermentation?
The second fermentation is conducted in a hostile, reductive environment. Some stress factors are similar to those found in the first fermentation, such as low pH and high acid content, but others are unique to bottle fermentations, such as very little oxygen availability, low nitrogen content, high CO2 pressure, and high alcohol. Under such stressful conditions, yeast cells require a guaranteed supply of nutrients to work well, yet the yeast assimilable nitrogen (YAN) and other yeast nutrients will be at an all-time low, having already been depleted by the first fermentation. It is therefore important to check whether yeast nutrients will be required when rehydrating yeast for assimilation and combining it with the liqueur de tirage.
224
How much abv does the second fermentation make?
1.5%
225
What is the term for the staple that holds a cork if a cage is not used?
agrafe
226
What is bouchon de tirage?
allowing second ferment and subsequent aging to happen under cork
227
What is the first optimum time to disgorge for mousse retention?
18 months
228
What is a plaque?
a plaque is pushed onto the top of the protruding portion of the cork and molds it into its iconic mushroom shape, protecting it from the cage
229
What is the most recent vintage of Salon?
2013
230
Who is the Head winemaker of Moet et Chandon?
Benoit Gouez
231
Name the head winemaker of Dom Perignon
Since 1990: Richard Geoffroy
Since 2019: Vincent Chaperon
232
Who produces Armand de Brignac?
Cattier
233
In what vintage did Dom Perignon produce only Rosé?
1986
234
Who’s the head winemaker of Charles Heidsieck?
Stephen Leroux
235
What are the 3 distinct zones of the Champagne appellation?
Zone de l'Aboration
- marks the outer limits of the region where it is legal to vinify and transport juice and wine
Zone de Production
- marks entire villages in which vines may be cultivated (319 communes covering 300,000 ha)
Zone Parcellaire de Production de Raisins
- marks a lacework of delimited viticultural parcels
236
How much of Champagnes vineyards are destroyed per year due to hail and frost?
5%
237
What Champagne grape has the earliest bud burst?
chardonnay
238
What two Champagne cuvess are made with 100% arbanne?
- Arbane Pure (Olivier Horiot)
- Cepage Arbane (Moutard)
239
What two Champagne cuvees are made with 100% pinot gris?
- Cuvee des Fondateurs (Derot-Delugny)
- Trop M'en Faut (Drappier)
240
What two Champagne houses produce a 100% petit meslier?
- Duval Leroy
- Laherte Freres
241
What are the 6 subdistricts of Montagne de Reims?
- Grande Montagne
- Massif de Saint-Thierry
- Monts de Berru
- Ardre Valley
- Vesle Valley
- City of Reims
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What is the primary topsoil of the Grande Montagne?
sandy-clay loess
243
What is the bedrock of the Massif de Saint Thierry?
limestone
244
Who is the majority owner of the vineyards of Monts de Berru?
Moet & Chandon
245
What are the 6 subregions of the Vallee de la Marne?
- Grande Vallee
- Region d'Epernay (Coteaux Sud d'Epernay)
- Terroir de Conde
- Western Marne Valley
- Right Bank
- Left Bank
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Which Vallee de la Marne premier cru village is thought by many to be of Grand Cru status?
Mareuil-sur-Ay
247
Bar-sur-Seine is home to what 3 trailblazing producers?
- Cedric Bouchard
- Vouette et Sorbee
- Marie Courtin
248
What was the first commercially available prestige cuvee?
Dom Perignon (in 1936)
- Roederer Cristal was a private bottling not sold to the public until 1945
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What is the average vine density in Champagne?
8000 vines per hectare
250
When is Champagne traditionally bottled?
between Feb and May following the harvest
251
What is the French term for the second fermentation in Champagne?
prise de mousse
252
Diammonium phosphate is a yeast nutrient that is a source of what?
nitrogen
253
What volatile compound is responsible for the aromas of a light-struck wine?
dimethyl disulfide
254
Why could corks be considered a superior method of temporary closure?
- dead yeast sludge and sediment cover the cork, allowing sediment to consume any oxygen at its only ingress (as opposed to a bidule which allows more oxygen exchange)
- ensures a slow and graceful maturation
255
What has replaced salt water brine in the disgorgement of champagne?
propylene glycol
256
List 3 wineries owned by Roederer
- Roederer Estate (Cali)
- Deutz
- Scharffenberger
- Pichon Longueville Comtesse de Lalande
- Chateau de Pez
- Domaine Ots
- Merry Edwards
- Diamond Creek
- Ramos Pinto
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Comtes de Champagne is solely what grape?
chardonnay
258
What is the assemblage of Dom Perignon?
close to 60% chard 40% pinot noir
259
What Champagne house was the first to designate a vintage on their bottle?
Perrier-Jouet (1825)
260
What is the dominant grape in all of Veuve Cliquot's production?
pinot noir
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Who is the largest landowner in Champagne?
Moet et Chandon
