Portugal Flashcards
(174 cards)
1
Q
What is the min abv for Vinho Verde DOP still wine?
A
8%
2
Q
What is the only DOP in Beira Atlantico?
A
Bairrada
3
Q
What is the most heavily planted white grape in the Vinho Verde DOP?
A
loureira
4
Q
What styles of wine are made in Azores?
A
verdelho based still white, licoroso, and sparkling
5
Q
What are the 3 DOP zones of Azores IGP?
A
- Pico
- Biscoitos
- Graciosa
6
Q
What was the first demarcated wine region in Portugal?
A
Douro (1756)
7
Q
What is the primary soil type in Vinho Verde DOP?
A
granite
8
Q
Describe Dao Nobre white wine
A
- min 15% encruzado
- min 11.5% abv
- min 1 year of age
9
Q
What IGP encompasses the DOP zones of Douro and Porto?
A
Duriense IGP
10
Q
What style of wine is Pico DOP known for?
A
fortified wines with 16% min abv
11
Q
Red wines of Alentejo DOP must contain 75% which recommended varieties?
A
- alfrocheiro
- alicante bouchet
- aragonez
- cab sauv
- castelas
- syrah
- touriga nacional
- trincadeira
12
Q
What style of wine is common in Carcavelos DOP?
A
vinho licoroso
13
Q
What is the abv range for vinho verde without a variety or regional designation?
A
8-11.5%
14
Q
On what island is Biscoitos DOP?
A
Terceira
15
Q
What is the climate of Transmontano IGP?
A
- hot, dry, mountainous continental
16
Q
At what altitude are Dao’s best vineyards?
A
400-500 m
17
Q
How many DOPs are in Portugal?
A
31
18
Q
What are the dominant red and white grapes in DoTejo DOP?
A
fernao pires - white
castelao - red
19
Q
What are the dominant red grapes of Algarve IGP?
A
- castelao
- tinta negro mole
20
Q
How many IGPs are in Portugal?
A
14
21
Q
What river meets the Atlantic near Lisbon?
A
Tagus
22
Q
What is the age requirement for Dao Nobre Reserva?
A
red - 42 months
white - 1 year
23
Q
What is the assemblage of Encostas d’Aire DOP Medieval de Ourem?
A
80% fernao pires
20% trincadeira
24
Q
What Alentejo subzone is located on the cool granitic slopes of the Sao Mamede Mountains?
A
Portalegre
25
What are the dominant white grapes of Algarve IGP?
- arinto
- siria
26
What is the primary grape of Bucelas DOP?
arinto
27
What are the primary grapes of Colares DOP?
white - malvasia
red - ramisco (ungrafted and planted in sandy soil), castelao (planted in hard soil)
28
What is the most prominent grape of the Alentejo DOP?
trincadeira ( tinta amarela)
29
What is the most widely planted grape in Portugal?
aragonez
30
What 2 estuaries divide Peninsula de Setubal IGP?
- Tagus
- Sado
31
Coruche, Chamusca, Cortaxo, Santarem, Tomar, and Almeirim are all subzones of which DOP?
DoTejo
32
There are the 8 subzones within Alentejo DOP. List 4 of them.
- Borba
- Evora
- Granja Amarela
- Moura
- Portalegre
- Redondo
- Reguengos
- Vidiguera
33
What is the only subzone of Beira Atlantico IGP?
Terras do Sico
34
What are the red and white varieties that must make up 67% of the blends of licoroso wines of Setubal DOP?
white - moscatel du setubal (alexandria_
red - moscatel roxo
35
Tavora-Varosa DOP is located within what IGP?
Terras de Cister IGP
36
What are the recommended white grapes of Dao DOP?
- encruzado
- bical
- cercial
37
What is the most planted white grape in Portugal?
fernao pires
38
What are the 4 DOP zones of Algarve IGP?
- Lagos
- Lagoa
- Portimao
- Tavira
39
Describe red Nobre Dao wine
- min 15% touriga nacional
- min 12% abv
- min 3 years ageing
40
What are the 3 subzones of Tras-o-Montes DOP?
- Chaves
- Valpacos
- Planato MIrandes
41
What 2 mountain ranges influence Douro DOP?
- Marao
- Montemuro
42
What is the varietal makeup for red wines from Lafoes DOP?
min 40% amoral plus jaen and pilango
43
What is the Portuguese term for terraced vineyards in the Porto DOP?
Patamares
44
What are vinhos ao Alta?
- vertical, upslope rows becoming more popular in Douro
- less high quality
45
What are the primary white grapes for Douro table wine?
- malvasia fina
- rabigato
- viosinha
- gouveio
46
What is tinto palhete?
red wine produced from adding max 15% white grapes
47
What is the max abv for vinho leve?
10%
48
In the Lisboa IGP area, what DOP produces aguardiente?
Lourinha
49
What are the primary grapes in Algarve?
- negro mole
- castelao
- trincadeira
- alicanet bouchet
- arinto
- siria
50
What is the primary soil type in Dao DOP?
granite
51
What is the age requirement for Garrafeira Branco?
- min 12 months with at least 6 mos in bottle
52
What are the 7 subzones of Dao DOP?
- Serra del Estrella
- Alva
- Bestieros
- Siligueiros
- Terra de Senhorim
- Castendo
- Terras de Azurara
53
What is the varietal makeup of white wine from Lafoes DOP?
- min 50% arinto plus cercial to make 85%
- remainder can be dona branca, sercial, rabo de ovelha
54
What is the min percentage of castelao required in red wines from Palmela DOP?
66.7%
55
What are the 3 subzones of Beira Interior DOP?
- Beira Castelao Rodrigo
- Cava da Beira
- Pinhel
56
What river marks the northern border for Vinho Verde?
Minho River
57
What is the climate of Dao DOP?
continental interior with coastal maritime influence
58
What is the min age requirement for red wine from Douro DOP?
may not be released until May 1st , YFH
59
What is the age requirement for Dao Reserva wines?
red - 2 years
white - 6 months
60
What is the primary soil type of Douro DOP?
schist
61
What is the Portuguese term for late harvest?
vindima tardia
62
What is vinho abafado?
partially fermented grape must preserved with alcohol
- found in Carcavelos and Lisboa
63
What IGP encompasses the islands of Madeira and Porto Santo?
Terras Madeirenses
64
What DOP is used for the rarely exported dry wines of Madeira?
Madeirense DOP
65
What is the min abv of Bairrada Classico?
12.5%
66
What style of liquor is found in Lourinha DOP?
aguardiente (brandy)
67
What type of wines are common in Beira Interior DOP?
bulk and co-op
68
What is the primary red grape of Bairrada DOP?
baga
69
What is barros?
lime rich clay soil found in Bairrada
70
Tinta Bairrada is an alias for what grape?
baga
71
What is the dominant grape of Dao DOP?
touriga nacional
72
What is enforcado training method?
old trellising system which allowed vines to grow up tree trunks or stakes to create a canopy
73
What is the largest DOP in Portugal?
Vinho Verde DOP
74
White wines of Alentejo DOP must be a min 75% which grapes?
- antao vaz
- arinto
- fernao pires
- manteudo
- perrum
- rabo de ovelha
- siria
- tamarez
- trincadeira das pratas
75
What are the 3 subzones of Douro DOP?
- Baixo Corgo
- Cima Corgo
- Douro Superior
76
How many DOP zones fall within the Lisboa IGP?
9
77
Quercus suber is widespread in which DOP?
Alentejo
78
What type of wine is Tejo IGP known for?
bulk
79
What are the wine classifications for Portugal?
- Vinho
- IGP
- DOP
80
What are the primary red grapes for Douro table wine?
- touriga nacional
- touriga franca
- tinta roriz
- tinta barocca
- tinta cao
81
What is the soil type of Tras-o-Montes DOP?
schist and granite
82
What are the recommended white varieties of Vinho Verde DOP?
- alvarinho
- avesso
- azal
- batoca
- loureiro
- arinto
- trajadura
83
What is the abv requirement to be labeled Colheita Seleccionada?
abv must be min 1% above standard DOP/IGP requirements
84
Dao DOP and Lafoes DOP are encompassed by what IGP?
Terras do Dao IGP
85
What 3 grapes must make up the majority of dry table wine from Graciosa DOP?
- verdelho
- arinto dos azores (sercial)
- terrantez do pico
86
What grape is used for vinho licoroso in Douro DOP?
moscatel galego
87
What are the 9 subzones of Vinho Verde DOP?
- Moncao e Malgaco
- Cavado
- Amarante
- Paiva
- Basto
- Sousa
- Lima
- Ave
- Baiao
88
What is the max percentage of experimental grapes allowed in Dao DOP?
max 40%
89
List 3 of the recommended red grapes of Dao DOP
- touriga nacoinal
- touriga franca
- aragonez
- rufete
- jaen
- alfrochiero
- bastardo
- trincadeiro
- tinta cao
90
What style of wine is Tavora-Varosa known for?
sparkling
91
In what year did the Treaty of Windsor establish a trade alliance between Portugal and England?
1386
92
What white grapes are common in the sandy areas of Bairrada?
- maria gomes
- arinto
93
Define garrafeira
- vintage dated
- extra .5% abv
- reds are aged 3 years including 1 year in bottle
- whites are aged 1 year including 6 months in bottle
94
What are the 2 distinct soil types of Palmela DOP?
- clay limestone in lower slopes of Arrabida Mountains
- sand in low lying plains
95
What percentage of Portugal's landmass is covered by the Alentejano IGP?
30%
96
What styles of wine are allowed in Dao DOP?
- red, white, rose
- sparkling
97
Tinta roriz is an alias for what grape?
aragonez
98
In what Vinho Verde subregion is varietal alvarinho found?
Moncao e Melgaco
99
What IGP shares the same geographical boundary as Vinho Verde DOP?
Minho IGP
100
Where is Herdade de Malhadinha located?
Alentejo DOP
101
What is the climate influence of Vinho Verde?
cool, atlantic
102
What are the age requirements for sparkling wine from Tras-o-Montes DOP?
Reserva - 12 to 24 mos age befor disgorgement
Extra Reserva - 24-36 mos before disgorgement
Reserva Velha/Grand Reserva - min 3 years prior to disgorgement
103
What are the recommended red varieties of Vinho Verde?
- amoral
- borracal
- alvarelhao
- espadeiro
- padeir
- pedral
- rabo de anho
- vinhao
104
Define chao de areia and chao rija (found in Colares DOC)
areia - sand
rija - hard soil
105
What is the volume of a Douro pipe?
550 L
106
In what region is talha (amphora) winemaking still practiced?
Alentejo
107
Fortified wines account for what percentage of Portugal's wine exports?
just under 50% (as of 2011) and decreasing
108
When was Portugal's wine law established?
1986 (upon joining the EU)
109
What are the designations of Portugal's wine law
- DOC
- Vinhos Regional (VR/IGP)
- Vinho da Mesa
110
Antao vaz is a prominent blending grape in which region?
Vidiguera, Alentejo
111
What white grape is increasingly made in a Burgundian style (single varietal, new french oak) due to its high quality reputation?
encruzado
112
Describe the qualities of fernao pires
- aromatic (citrus and florals)
- early budding and ripening
- short growing season
- vigorous
- drops acid quickly near the end of ripening
- used in blends
113
Where are the highest quality examples of loureiro found?
Vale do Lima, Vinho Verde
114
Aragonez is most famously known as what?
tempranillo
115
Bastardo is also known as what in France?
trousseau
116
Moncao e Melgaco borders which Spanish wine region?
Galicia
117
What mountain range protects Moncao e Melgaco from harsh Atlantic influence?
Serra d'Arga Mountains
118
Where in Vinho Verde DOC are most of the red wines produced?
south and east
119
What percentage of Vinho Verde DOC wines are white?
80%
120
What famous brand began in Tras-o-Montes?
Mateus Rose
- extreme cold of the winters didn't allow for complete fermentation
121
Who owns Mateus?
Sogrape
122
What is the climate of the Douro Valley?
arid continental
123
What is the most important soil type for quality wine in the Douro?
schist
124
What was the first vintage of Casa Ferreirinha Barca Velha, what is the assemblage, and why is it special?
1952
- touriga franca, touriga nacional, tinta roriz, tinta cao (all Douro Superior fruit)
- only made in the best vintages (current vintage is 2011)
125
How long must traditional method sparkling wines rest on lees prior to disgorgement in Tavora-Varosa DOC?
9 months
126
What is the most important grape for sparkling wine production in Tavora-Varosa DOC?
malvasia fina (must represent 30% of plantings)
127
In what Portuguese DOC are pine and eucalyptus trees found?
Bairrada
128
Why are vines in Bairrada trained high off the ground?
increased airflow reduces mildew (a big problem in the area)
129
Grapes in Bairrada that have been 'green harvested' are often used for what? Who introduced this concept?
sparkling wine
- Luis Pato
130
What type of wine makes up the largest category in Bairrada?
sparkling
131
Until 2003, wines labeled Bairadda DOC must be what percent baga?
50%
132
When was the Dao DOC established?
1990
133
Beyond DOC, what wine label terms are used in Dao?
- Vina Nobre
- Reserva
- Garrafeira
134
What are the typical white wines of Dao DOC?
blends based on encruzado with malvasia fina
- focused, acidic, and textural
- gaining attention/importance
135
What are picarra and where are they found?
- large veins of schist in shallow granitic soils
- found in Beira Interior
136
Almost all the wine in Beira Interior is vinified by who?
co-op
137
What wine region is the westernmost piece of land in continental Europe?
Colares DOC
138
What is the climate of Lisboa DOC
maritime
139
What are the age requirements in Colares DOC?
white - 6 months in container plus 3 months in bottle
red - 18 months in container plus 6 months in bottle
140
What are the only wines permitted in Bucelas DOC?
arinto based (min 75%) dry white and traditional method sparkling
141
What are leziria and where are they found?
- large, fertile, productive floodplains
- found along Tejo river
- most viticulture in Tejo takes place here
142
What wine is associated with Palmela DOC?
full bodied, velvety castelao
143
What is the abv range for Setubal DOC?
16-22%
144
What is the RS designation for Setubal DOC?
wines < 20 years old have max RS 280 g/L
wines > 20 years old have max RS 340 g/L
145
How long must wines of Setubal DOC age before release?
18 months
146
What label designations are used in Setubal DOC?
Superior - min 5 years age
Age statement - 10/20/30/+40 years
147
When was the Vinho de Talha DOC established?
2011
148
DOC regulations state that vines in Portalegre must be planted on what type of soil?
granitic
149
What are the regulations for Vinho de Talha?
- destemmed grapes (though a portion of stems may act as a filter)
- grape skins included in must
- must remains in talha until Nov 11, HY
150
What is the size range for talhas used in commercial wineries?
600-1000 L
151
What is pes?
- mixture of olive oil, beeswax, and pine resin
- traditionally used to seal talha
152
What region has the most mediterranean climate in Portugal?
Algarve
153
What is the soil type of Pico DOC?
bare lava rock
154
What are jeiroes (singular jarao)?
- volcanic stone wall mazes found in Pico and Terceira
155
What is the purpose of the volcanic stone walls built in the Azores?
- best way to use the volcanic rock that needed to be moved
- maze formation protects from cold winds (no straight path in)
156
What mountain range influences the Bucelas DOP?
Serra de Montehunto Hills
157
Why is the Mateus bottle shapes like a bocksbeutal?
It is shaped to look like a WW2 flask
158
Cabinda is the sole recommended red grape in what DOP?
Lourinha
159
Jaen is known as what grape in Spain?
mencia
160
What is the synonym for garnacha tintorera in Portugal?
alicante bouchet
161
What are the authorized red grapes of Carcavelos DOP?
- castelao
- preto martinho (negra mole)
162
What two islands are represented by the Madirense DOP?
- Madeira
- Porto Santo
163
On the island of Pico, what are currais?
small, rectangular terraces made of black basalt stones intended to protect the vines from wind and salt
164
Why is the schist found in the Douro unique?
Due to tectonic activity, the veins of schist run vertically, allowing roots to penetrate deeply. This allows for much of the Douro to be dry farmed
165
What is the highest mountain range on mainland Portugal?
Serra do Estrella, Dao
166
Where are the floodplains of Lezeria found?
Tejo
- split northern from southern Tejo
167
What is tempranillo known as on the Peninsula du Setubal?
tinto do Santiago
168
What is the variety of Joao Antonio Cherdira's 'Soalheiro' wine? Where is it found?
- alvarinho
- Moncao e Melgaco, Vinho Verde
169
In what DOP is Mateus wine produced?
Tras -o- Montes
170
What mountain range influences the Peninsula de Setubal?
Serra da Arrabida
171
What is the wettest subzone in the Douro?
Baixo Corgo - 35 in/ yr
172
Wine from what region was known as Portuguese Hock?
Bucelas
173
What is the latitude of Vinho Verde DOP?
The Minho River lies at 41.5 degrees N
174
Who produces Coche, Charme, and Redoma?
Dirk Niepoort
- high end Potuguese dry wines
