changing the economic world

Question 1

what aer the four types of indusrtry/economic sectors

Answer 1

primary, secondary, tertaiiry, quaterbary

Question 2

primary sectors?

Answer 2

• industries extract raw materials e.g farming
• prices fluctuate, unreliale
• LIC

Question 3

secondary sector?

Answer 3

• manufacture products form raw materials
  E.G mumbai
• NEE

Question 4

tertiary sector?

Answer 4

• industies that provide a service [time/knowledge]
  E.G canary warf finance
• well educated population
• HIC

Question 5

quaternary sector?

Answer 5

• high degree of research & technology [RND]
• employ HIGLY qualifies ppl [near unis]
• HIC

Question 6

what occured in the 19th century in the UK?

Answer 6

industralisation

Question 7

why did industrilasion happen? [benefits]

Answer 7

• trade
• education became compulsy = more educated ppl = better jobs [tertairy] QOL inc

Question 8

what are the 3 reasons for economic change in the UK

Answer 8

• deindustrialsation
• goverment policies
• globalisation

Question 9

as of 2017 what population worked in the tertiary and quatenary sector

Answer 9

83%

Question 10

what is de-industilasation

Answer 10

process of industrial base decline die to an increased [automation=technology/fmachines]

Question 11

what does de-industralisation lead to?

Answer 11

• unemployment in manuaftuctring sectors = subsequent growth in tertiarry and secondary

Question 12

what is goverment policies

Answer 12

goverment descions on inverstment and support for buisnesses = affect the economy

Question 13

government policies
- 1945-1979 what occured in the UK

Answer 13

• goverment was spent PROPPING UP declining UK industries
  [dominated w econdary sector w tertiarry becoming more important]

Question 14

government policies
in the 1980s

Answer 14

• PRIVATISATION occured
  = lead to major job loss but increased effiancy
• new private companies brought innovation

Question 15

government policies
in 2010

Answer 15

• REBALANCE
• rebuilding the UKs manufacturing sector & relying less on services sector
• encouraging TNCS

Question 16

what occurs during globalisation?

Answer 16

• lots of manufacturing moved overseas due to lower labour costs
• TNCs have moved some of there Q/T operations to the UK
• trade becomes increasingly important
  / improvemt of communications = can have buisnesses around the world

Question 17

what sector are science and buisness parks in?

Answer 17

quatnary

Question 18

where are science and buisness parks usually located?

Answer 18

• rural urban fringe
  -near univeristies
• near good transport links

Question 19

give a named example of a science park

Answer 19

cambridge science park

Question 20

what can of jobs are found at Cambridge science park?

Answer 20

• biomemdical, IT , finance
• BIOTECH company Abcam

Question 21

give info of Biotech company Abcam
[cambridge science park]

Answer 21

• worth £1 billion
• 200 employs
• all have PHDs

Question 22

give a significant adv of science/ business parks?

Answer 22

mutiplier effect = colobrate w other buisnesses to boost there business/econmy

Question 23

disadvantages of cambridge as a location for industry?

Answer 23

• overcrowded & congested city = difficult to drive/park
• high house prices =expensive to live there
• needs better connections w other cities [not London]

Question 24

advanatages of cambridge as location for industry?

Answer 24

• uni gradeates = highly educated workforce
• good transport links e.g London airport, M11
• ## city offers a good QOL

Question 25

why is transport important?

Answer 25

- faciltate people, goods services =economic growth

Question 26

how is the UK improving airports? Give a named example

Answer 26

- new runway at Heathrow [£18.6 billion] - allow an extra 700 planes a day

Question 27

disadvantges of new runway?

Answer 27

- increase noise and air pollution in the area - greenhouse gas emissions inc - aeration infastructure inc = co2 inc

Question 28

how is the UK improving ports? Give an example & advantages

Answer 28

LIVERPOOL 2 [£300 million] - boosts econmy of North - West helps resolve North South divide - creates thousands of jobs - reduce traffic on roads

Question 29

how is UK imporving roads?

Answer 29

2022 UK goverment announced 4 schemes to improve transport links & congestion = £160 million

Question 30

give an example of road development?

Answer 30

South - West "super highway" - A303 - hundreds of job opps - reduces conjestion

Question 31

disadvanTGes of the A303

Answer 31

- small regional impact - doesnt help the north south divide

Question 32

how as the UK improved railway? Give a named examples

Answer 32

- London crossrail 32km = increase Londons rail capacity by 10% - 200 million passengers a year - HS2 propsed to link London to Manchester to decrease the North south divide = faster journeys in the UK

Question 33

disadvanges of crossrail/HS2

Answer 33

cross rail - only regional significance - inc co2 emisions

Question 34

give some info abt the inequality of investment spent of transport

Answer 34

- only the central corridor is being invested in - per capita expenditure on transport = hugeley conc on london [double most regions]

Question 35

what is the example for place of population growth?

Answer 35

- South Cambridge

Question 36

how is the poluation changing in Cambridge?

Answer 36

- increasing - estimated in 2031 population will be 182 000 - inc due to migrants from UK/abroad - 2031 35% of pop = over 65

Question 37

give a reason why cambridge is a popular place to move to?

Answer 37

- univeristys = highly skilled

Question 38

name 4 economic/ social effects of the population growth in South Cambridge:

Answer 38

- house prices inc = gentrification occurs, young ppl cannot afford [may move] - lack of affordable housing - high number of migrants have put pressure on services [inc costs] - inc traffic conjestion

Question 39

example of place where population decline is occuring? what is the pop decline?

Answer 39

- Outer Hebrides - from 1901 has declined from 46 000 to 27 400

Question 40

what are the problems with decreasing population in the outer Hebrides?

Answer 40

- 1950 900 fishing boats now = 10 - aging population = young people migrate away rural -urban - tourism is only seasonal & they have poor infastructure - number of childnren decrease = schools close - services close