development gap

Question 1

what does development of a country mean?

Answer 1

the progress of econmic growth, use of tech , quality of life and improved welfare

Question 2

what’s the term for different levels of development in different countries?

Answer 2

-development gap
= LIC, NEE, HIC

Question 3

what does GNI stand for?

Answer 3

gross national income

Question 4

what is GNI and what does it measure?

Answer 4

TOTAL VALUE of goods and services produced by a country in a year
-measures WEALTH

Question 5

give 2 disadvantages of using the mesure of GNI?

Answer 5

-an average = some may be really rich then others very poor/deprived
-doesnt account for
informal economy

Question 6

what is birth & death rate?

Answer 6

• amount of live births/deaths per 1000 people ( a year)

Question 7

what does birth/death rate measure?
what does it link to?

Answer 7

• HEALTH CARE
  -demographic transition model (population growth)

Question 8

cons abt birth and death rate?

Answer 8

-old data
-only gives an average
-variation within country

Question 9

whats infant mortality rate?

Answer 9

-amount of child deaths under the age of 1 per 1000

Question 10

name 1 pro and 2 cons of infant mortality rate?

Answer 10

PRO - measures healthcare
CON - variation & we dont cause of death

Question 11

what does access to clean water measure?
what does it measure?

Answer 11

-percentage of people who can access clean water
-HEALTHCARE & basic infastructure

Question 12

con of measure for acccess to clean water?

Answer 12

-difficult statistic to measure

Question 13

what is the literacy rate?
-what does it measure?

Answer 13

percentage of adults who can read and write
-EDUCATION , INCOME AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

Question 14

what is life expectnacy?

Answer 14

average age a person is expected to live to

Question 15

what does life expectancy measure?

Answer 15

-health + mutiple factors of the country e.g enviroment

Question 16

con of life expectancy?

Answer 16

-varaition
-some unknown factors

Question 17

what is people per doctor ?

Answer 17

average number of people for each docter
(lower number indicates richer country)

Question 18

pros & con of people per doctor measurement?

Answer 18

-indicates healthcare, money, QOL ect

-price of healthcare may be misleading, variation

Question 19

give 2 examples of LIC’S

Answer 19

somalia, uganda

Question 20

give 2 e.gs of NEE’S

Answer 20

brazil, india (MUMBIA)

Question 21

give 2 examples of HIC’s

Answer 21

UK, USA, candada

Question 22

what does HDI stand for?

Answer 22

human development index

Question 23

how is HDI caculated?

Answer 23

combines different measures of development
= GNI per head(income), life exptancy & education level [years of schooling]
—-> gives a number 0-1 (1 = most developed)

Question 24

what does the HDI number tell us?

Answer 24

countries level of economic development & quality of life

Question 25

what does DTM stand for?

Answer 25

demographic transition model

Question 26

what does the DTM tell you?

Answer 26

-shows us birth & death rates and how they affect the population growth

Question 27

what is natural increase?

Answer 27

- higher birth rate than death rate

Question 28

give 4 physical factors for uneven development?

Answer 28

-poor climate -poor farming land -lots of natural diasters -few raw materials

Question 29

how does bad climate affect development?

Answer 29

-too hot or too cold = crops cant grow leading to MALNUTRITION (low QOL) -fewer crops = less money =for goverment less taxes =less deceloped services e.g healthcare

Question 30

how does bad farm land affect development?

Answer 30

-poor soil or permofrost = -crops cant grow, animals cant graze same affects as poor climate

Question 31

how does natural disasters affect develop?

Answer 31

-countires will have to spend a lot of monet REBUILDING damages after flood etc xoxo

Question 32

how does lack of raw materials affect development

Answer 32

-fewer products to exports -makes less money -so cant develop some countries have matiarials but not the money for infastructure to export them?

Question 33

give 3 econmoic causes for un even devlopment?

Answer 33

poor trade links lots of debt econmy based on primary products

Question 34

how does lots of debt affect devolopment?

Answer 34

some poor countries have to borrow money to help cope wiht natural disasters -WHEN MONEY NEEDS TO BE PAID BACK = COMES W INTERNEST - less moeny for development

Question 35

how does poor trade links affect development?

Answer 35

-poor trade links = only can trade with a few countries meaning less money for devoplemt

Question 36

how does a pirmary product based economy affect development?

Answer 36

raw materials - sell for less money

Question 37

two reasons for hitorical uneven development?

Answer 37

colonisation conflict/war

Question 38

how does war affect development? (mainly civil war)

Answer 38

-money will need to be spent to replace the infastructure and damaged buildings - services e.g healthcare = disrupted -can lead to an decline infant mortality rates

Question 39

how does colonisation affect develpopment?

Answer 39

-countries might be landlocked -countries previously controlled by another when they becmae independent = lower level of development

Question 40

give 3 consequences of uneven deveoplment?

Answer 40

-wealth -health -internatioanl migration

Question 41

how is wealth effected from uneaved deveopment?

Answer 41

-more devoloped countires = higher income wealthier = better services, and better QOL -but there still may be a uneven amount of waelth within the country

Question 42

how is health affected form uneven development?

Answer 42

-more developed = better health care -HICS = longer life expanctcy, infant mortality etc -in NEE'S AND LIC'S are more people are likely to die from treatable diseases

Question 43

how is internationla migration affected?

Answer 43

-mayne LICS AND NEES escape to HICS to improve QOL or escape war -job opps when LICS move to HICS they contibute to econmy = increases developmetn gap

Question 44

how does investment redeuce the devlopment gap?

Answer 44

FDI( foreign direct investment) = poorer countires then have btter QOL, infastructure, serviices etc

Question 45

how does aid reduce the devlopment gap?

Answer 45

-money/ resources given by charitys/foreign goverment -for development projects e.g schools

Question 46

how does fair trade help to reduce the development gap?

Answer 46

= all about farmers in LICS being paid fairly

Question 47

how does using intermedieate technology reduce develpment gap?

Answer 47

-includes tools, machines etc simple to use and affordable to improve QOL -

Question 48

how does micro finance loans reduce development gap? give 1 con of this tho?

Answer 48

-small loans are given to people in LICS enabling them to start there own buisneess -can cause debt

Question 49

how doesindustrial development reduce development gap?

Answer 49

developing industry = boots GNI & devolpment -cuz of better infastructer, skills etc

Question 50

how does debt relief reduce devolpent gap?

Answer 50

countrys debt = canncelled so more money can be spent on deveoplmet

Question 51

explain stage 1 of the DTM

Answer 51

= least developed -high birth rate - no contreception -more kids cuz high infnant mortality rate -bad health care & famine = low life expectnacy

Question 52

explain stage 2 of DTM? and give eg?

Answer 52

-still not very developles -LICS -argriculture based econmy -work on farms -better healthcare = increase life expaectacy(death rate recreases) SOMALIA

Question 53

expplain stage 3 of the DTM? + E.G

Answer 53

more developed -most NEES -birth rate falls rapidly = increase in contrapception, women work econmic changes from farm to manafacturing death rate decreses = imprved healthcare MUMBAI

Question 54

explain stages 4&5 of the DTM? + E.G

Answer 54

HDIS LOW BIRTH RATE - high QOL AND STANDARD OF LIVING good health care = high life expectancy low death rate UK, Canada