Chap 11- Part II: Irish Civil War Flashcards
(20 cards)
What happened in February 1922?
Michael Collins began building a new national army from pro treaty IRA units
What happened in April 1922?
Hard-line anti-treaty IRA Group led by Rory O’Connor Ocupied the four courts in Dublin
What happened in June 1922?
The first elections held in the free State.Collins’ pro treaty Sinn Fein won a majority of seats in the government 58 while Devalera only won 35 seats
What was Collins’ New pro treaty army called?
Free state army
What happened to Henry Wilson , Brutish General
He was shot dead in London by two IRA members who were later hanged
What happened after Henry Wilson, British General’s, death?
It was never proven who ordered the killing but the British blamed the anti-treaty IRA group in the forecourts. The British threatened collins that they would attack the four courts if he did not sort out the antitreaties
What did the anti treaties do in retaliation to the British threat on them?
They abducted a free state officer , Ginger O Connell
What did Collins do after the abduction of Ginger O’ Connoll?
He and the provisional free state government attacked the four courts
Why were people taking sides after the attack on the four courts?
Because there was a split in the IRA groups
Who were the anti treaty IRA groups headed by and what were they called?
Liam lynch
Irregulars
What were the pro treaty IRA groups called and what did they believe ?
Free state army
Upholding democracy as majority voted for them
Start of the fighting
Pro treaty took Dublin after a week of fighting and by August 1922 the pro treaty had areas of Cork and Kerry
Irregulars started using gorilla warfare campaign against pro treaty
Gorilla ambushes
Claimed the life of Collins in Béal na mBláth, Cork 22nd August 1922 after Arthur Griffith died of a stroke.
WT Cosgrave became president of provisional government and Richard Mulcahy became commander in chief
After deaths of Collins and Griffith
Government began executions of the irregulars captured during the guerrilla warfare and the special powers act allows the government to execute a regulars for offences such as possessing a gun.there led to Erskine Childers execution in November 1922
Irregulars in revenge to Erskine Childers death
Assassinated TD Sean hales
Retaliation to death of Sean Hales
For leaders of the regulars who had occupied the forecourts were executed (Rory o Connor, Liam mellows, joe mckelvey and Richard Barrett )
How many regulars officially executed and how many assassinated were killed in ambushes
81
100-150
Spring 1923
Irregulars campaign reduced to destruction of property and railway lines
How many Irregulars imprisoned
12,000
Ceasefire
When Liam Lynch the leader of the irregulars was killed in action in April 1923 his successor Frank taken called a ceasefire in May 1923 and ordered the irregulars to dump their arms and return home
