chap 12 gastro drugs

Question 1

what drug affects the stomach lining and causes bleeding

Answer 1

salicylates(aspirin)

Question 2

group of acid-peptic disorders of the upper gi tract, primarily the esophagus, stomach and duodenum

Answer 2

peptic ulcer disease (pud)

Question 3

ulcer in the stomach

Answer 3

gastric ulcer

Question 4

ulcer in the duodenum; more common gastric ulcer

Answer 4

duodenal ulcer

Question 5

what bacteria causes peptic ulcers- increases inflammation in the mucosal lining of the gi; causes peptic ulcers

Answer 5

h. pylori

Question 6

most common chronic conditions of upper gi tract; acid reflux backing up of gastric contents from the stomach into esophagus

Answer 6

gerd

Question 7

what is most common complaint or symptom of gerd

Answer 7

heartburn, but also epigastric pain(pain in and around stomach area)

Question 8

does h. pylori increase the risk of gerd

Answer 8

no

Question 9

what are some risk factors for gerd

Answer 9

alcohol smoking spicy foods medications(aspirin and nsaids, ccb, dronate, tetracycline)

Question 10

for symptomatic relief of gastric pain, especially heart burn; will not really promote healing of ulcers

Answer 10

antacids

Question 11

for symptomatic relief of pain and to promote healing of the ulcer

Answer 11

antihistamines(h2 receptor antagonists)

Question 12

four drugs that help with gerd and peptic ulcers

Answer 12

antacids, antihistamines(h2), proton pump inhibitors, antibiotics

Question 13

quick pain relief and accelerated healing of ulcer

Answer 13

proton pump inhibitors

Question 14

eradicate the h pylori infection

Answer 14

antibiotics

Question 15

neutralizes gastric acid juices secreted in stomach by increasing the pH of gastric secretions; primarily used for heartburn; only bismuth is recommended for duodenal ulcers

Answer 15

antacids

Question 16

what are some antacids

Answer 16

calcium carbonate(tums, maalox), bismuth subsalicylate(pepto bismol),magnesium hydroxide(milk of magnesia)

Question 17

all the antacids help with gerd and ulcers, only relieve___

Answer 17

symptoms

Question 18

ulcers because shown to be effective against h pylori

Answer 18

pepto bismol

Question 19

selectively blocks histamine receptor

Answer 19

h2 receptor antagonists

Question 20

most common h2 antagonists

Answer 20

tagamet and zantac

Question 21

ends in tidine

Answer 21

h2 receptor antagonists

Question 22

all proton pump inhibitors end in

Answer 22

prazole

Question 23

prilosec(omeprazole), prevacid(lansoprazole), nexium(esomeprazole, Rabeprazole aciphex

Answer 23

proton pump inhibitors

Question 24

reduce formation and production of the hcl cells in the stomach lining

Answer 24

proton pump inhibitors

Question 25

treatment of dyspepia(indigestion or heartburn) and to a lesser extent as adjunctive therapy for duodenal ulcers; neutralize acids in stomach; not primary or sole drug of choice for treatment; DO NOT HEAL ULCERS

Answer 25

antacids

Question 26

what is the only antacid that is used in treatment of pud

Answer 26

bismuth subsalicylate (pepto bismol)

Question 27

functions to suppress h pylori infection by imhibiting bacterial adherence to mucosal cells and damage to bacterial cell walls

Answer 27

bismuth subsalicylate

Question 28

recommended that it be used in conjunction with antibiotics

Answer 28

bismuth subsalicylate

Question 29

what is the antacid of choice in the treatment and maintenance of pud

Answer 29

bismuth

Question 30

with antacids you need to watch out for ____ hyperacidity

Answer 30

rebound

Question 31

how long does effects of antacids lasts

Answer 31

30 min; longer if taken after meals and at bedtime

Question 32

how often should antacids be taken

Answer 32

every two to four hours

Question 33

what are substances found in antacids responsible for neutralizing the acids

Answer 33

sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, bismuth, magnesium salts

Question 34

contains sodium; absorbed into general circulation; alka seltzer

Answer 34

sodium bicarbonate

Question 35

tums, not absorbed, rebound acid secretion

Answer 35

calcium carbonate

Question 36

most common, maalox

Answer 36

magnesium hydroxide and aluminum hydroxide

Question 37

supress h pylori infection; used in combination with antibiotics, antacid of choice in treatment and maintenance of pud; suppress, does not get rid of h pylori

Answer 37

bismuth subsalicylate; pepto bismol

Question 38

can you take antacids together with tetracycline antibiotics

Answer 38

no; take on to two hours before or after

Question 39

inhibit release of gastric acid by blocking the action of histamine on the h2 receptor located on parietal cell in stomach

Answer 39

antihistamines h2 antagonists

Question 40

effective in healing ulcers in 6 t 12 weeks

Answer 40

h2 antagonists

Question 41

what are the four h2 receptor antagonists

Answer 41

cimetidine(tagamet) ranitidine(zantac) famotidine(pepcid) nizatidine(axid)

Question 42

indicated for the symptomatic relief and healing of ulcers and in alleviating symptoms of duodenal ulcers, gastric ulcers, and gerd/heartburn;; used in conjunction with antibiotics to eradicate h pylori

Answer 42

h2 antagonists

Question 43

what are some proton pump inhibitors

Answer 43

``` esomeprazole(nexium) lansoprazole(prevacid) omeprazole(prilosec) pantoprazole(protonix) rabeprazole (aciphex) ```

Question 44

reduce hcl in stomach

Answer 44

protonpump inhibitors

Question 45

reduce gastric acid secretion in stomach, reducing chance for reflux into esophagus

Answer 45

h2 antagonists

Question 46

eradicate h pylori; multidrug regimens; 10 to 14 days recommended

Answer 46

antibiotics

Question 47

nonspecific disease with symptoms lasting at least 12 weeks consisting of diarrhea, constipation, and abdominal pain

Answer 47

ibs

Question 48

fibromyalgia or chronic fatigue syndrome, sleep disturbance, migraines, and chronic stress

Answer 48

diseases associated with ibs

Question 49

common antibiotics causing antibiotic-associated diarrhea

Answer 49

``` clindamycin amoxicillin ampicillin cephalosporins tetracyclines ```

Question 50

chronic, long-lasting disease resulting in inflammation of the mucosa of the colon(large intestine) and rectum; bloody diarrhea and abdominal pain

Answer 50

ulcerative colitis

Question 51

reduce inflammation in UC of the tissues of colon by using

Answer 51

anti-inflammatory drugs

Question 52

patients with ulcerative colitis cannot take ____ an antibiotic frequently prescribed for dental infections

Answer 52

clindamycin(cleocin)

Question 53

is there any contraindications or precautions to follow for dental treatment of patients with peptic ulcer disease or gerd

Answer 53

no

Question 54

patients with gerd may experience symptoms when

Answer 54

lying down in dental chair

Question 55

the patient may prefer to be lying _____ up and not totally in a supin position

Answer 55

halfway

Question 56

antacids(aluminum, calcium and magnesium) interact with certain antibiotics such as

Answer 56

tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones; space doses of drugs apart

Question 57

the bacterium that causes approximately 90% of gastric and duodenal ulcers

Answer 57

h pylori

Question 58

____ may be a side effect of anticholinergics, antiemetics, and proton pump inhibitors, so the patient must be counseled on prevention, including having optimum oral hygiene

Answer 58

xerostomia