Chap 7 Flashcards
(93 cards)
1
Q
Ax
A
Axis
2
Q
Blast
A
Bud, growing organism in early stages
3
Q
Canal
A
Channel
4
Q
Carp
A
Wrist
5
Q
Clast
A
Break
6
Q
Clav
A
Bar
7
Q
Condyl
A
Knob
8
Q
Corac
A
Crows beak
9
Q
Cribr
A
Sieve
10
Q
Crist
A
Crest
11
Q
Fov
A
Pit
12
Q
Glen
A
Joint socket
13
Q
Inter
A
Among, between
14
Q
Intra
A
Inside
15
Q
Lamell
A
Thin plate
16
Q
Meat
A
Passage
17
Q
Odont
A
Tooth
18
Q
Poie
A
Make, produce
19
Q
Long bones
A
Expanded ends, long longitudinal
Forearms and thing bones
20
Q
Short bones
A
Cube like, equal lengths and widths
Wrists and ankles
21
Q
Flat bones
A
Plate like structures with broad surfaces
Ribs, scapulae, skull bones
22
Q
Irregular bones
A
Variety of shapes, connected to other bones
Vertebrae, facial bones
23
Q
Sesamoid bones or round bones
A
Small and nodular
Patella
24
Q
Epiphysis
A
End of bone expanded portion
Forms a joint with other bone
25
Articular cartilage
Outer surface of epiphysis coated with hyaline cartilage
26
Diaphysis
Shaft of bone between epiphyses
27
Periosteum
Tough vascular converting of fibrous tissue
Firmly attached to bone
Helps firm and repair bone tissue
28
Compact bone
Wall of diaphysis composed of tightly packed tissue
| Continuous extracellular matrix with no gaps
29
Spongy bone
Epiphyses made of
| Thin layers of compact bone on surfaces
30
Trabeculae
Branching bony plates in spongy bone
| Empty spaces reduce weight
31
Medullary cavity
Compact bone in diaphysis of a long home forms semirigid tube with a hollow chamber called
32
Endosteum
Thin members be containing bone forming cells
33
Osteocytes
Bone cells in tiny chambers called lacunae
34
Osteoblasts
Bone forming cells
| Deposit bony matrix around themselves
35
Lacunae
Bony chambers that hold bone cells
36
Osteon
Layers of extracellular matrix concentrically cluster around a central canal form a cylinder-shaped unit
37
Haversian canal
Central canals that bone cells form concentric circles around
38
Central canal
Extend longitudinally through bone tissues
39
Perforating canals
Transverse canals that connect central canals
40
Acetabul
Vinegar cup
41
Intramembranous bone
Broad flat bones of the skull
42
Endochondral bone
Most bones in skeleton
| Develop from hyaline cartilage
43
Ossification
Forming an endochondral bond from hyaline cartilage
44
Epiphyseal plate
```
Band of cartilage
Zone of resting
Proliferating
Hypertrophic
Calcified
```
45
Osteoclast
Multinucleated cells that break down the calcium matrix
| Secrete acid to decompose matrix
46
Bone remodeling
Occurs throughout life as osteoclasts resorb bone tissue and osteoblasts replace the bone
47
Rickets
In children
| Absence of vitamin D so calcium is poorly absorbed and deforming bones
48
Hematopoiesis
Process of blood cell formation
| Begins in yolk sac outside of embryo
49
Osteomalacia
Same as rickets but in adults
50
Red marrow
Forms red and white blood cells, blood platelets and is red because of hemoglobin
51
Yellow marrow
Stores fat and replaces red as aging in cavities
52
Hydroxyapatite
Small crystals of calcium phosphate in extracellular matrix
53
Osteoporosis
Break down of microarchitecture in aging especially in women
54
Epicondyle
Projection situated above a condyle
55
Facet
Small nearly flat surface
56
Fontanel
Soft spot in the skull where membranes cover the space between bones
57
Foramen
Opening through a bone that usually serves as a passageway for blood vessels nerves and ligaments
58
Head
Enlargement on end of bone
59
Process
Prominent projection on a bone
60
Sinus
Cavity within a bone
61
Suture
Interlocking line of union between bones
62
Trochanter
Relatively large process
63
Frontal bone
Anterior portion of skull above eyes
64
Parietal
Located on each side of skull just behind frontal bone
65
Occipital
Forms back of skull and base of cranium
66
Temporal
Form parts of sides and base of cranium
67
Maxillary
Upper jaw
68
Zygomatic
Prominence of cheek bones
69
Nasal bones
Long thin rectangular
| Form bridge of nose
70
Mandible
Lower jawbone
71
Cervical vertebrae
Bony axis of neck
| 7
72
Thoracic vertebrae
Attached to ribs
| 12
73
Lumbar vertebrae
Small of back
5
Support more weight
74
Sacrum
Triangular alstructure at base
| 5 vertebrae fuse together
75
Coccyx
Tailbone
76
Ribs
Twenty four
| First seven are true ribs
77
Sternum
Breastbone
| Midline of thoracic cage
78
Clavicles
slender rodlike bones
S shape
Horizontal
79
Scapulae
Broad triangular on either side of upper back
80
Humerus
Long bone extends from scapula to elbow
81
Radius
Thumb side of forearm
| Shorter than ulna
82
Ulna
Longer than radius
| Overlaps end of humerus posteriorly
83
Carpal
Wrist bones
| 8 in each wrist
84
Metacarpal
One in line with each finger in the palm
85
Phalanges
Finger bones
| Proximal middle distal
86
Hip bone
Ilium largest and top
Ischium lowest
Pubis two pubic bones join at midline
87
Femur
Thigh bone
88
Patella
Kneecap
89
Tibia
Shin bone
| Larger
90
Fibula
Slender located on lateral side of tibia
91
Tarsal
7 in each ankle
92
Metatarsal
5 in foot
93
Phalanges toes
Toes
