CHAPTER 1 Flashcards
Sagittal plane
divides the specimen into left and right parts
There are two variations
Midsagittal section
Divide the specimen into equal right and left halves
Parasagittal section
divide the specimen into unequal right and left parts
Frontal plane (coronal plane)
divides the specimen into an anterior part and a posterior part
Transverse plane (cross section)or horizontal plane
divides the specimen into a superior or(proximal) part and an inferior (or distal) part
Skeletal System
Main organs:
Joints, bones
functions:
-structural support
-attachment site for muscles
-responsible for hematopoiesis (blood cell formation)
Integumentary System
Main organs:
hair, skin and nails
Function:
protects the body from external damage and microorganisms
Synthesizes vitamin D
Contains sweat and oil glands
Muscular System
Main organs:
Skeletal muscles
Functions:
Allows for movement of the body
allows us to maintain posture
allows us to make facial expressions (not common among organisms)
By product of use produces heat
Nervous system
Main organs
Brain
spinal cord
spinal nerves
functions:
-Controls all the body’s functions
-Allows us to respond to internal and external environment
-allows us to have conscious thought
Endocrine System
Main organs:
ovaries
testes
pancreas
thyroid
pituitary
adrenal glands
thyroid
penial gland
Functions:
secrete hormones
these hormones regulate growth, reproductions and metabolism (nutrient use)
Cardiovascular System
Main Organs:
heart, arteries, veins
Functions:
-Blood vessels transport blood carrying oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes.
-The heart pumps blood
Lymphatic System(Immunity)
Main organs:
Red bone marrow
thymus
Lymphatic vessels
thoracic duct
spleen
lymph nodes
Functions:
Disposes of cellular debris
picks up fluid from blood vessels and returns it to the blood
contains white blood cells
Anatomy
the study of the structure of body parts
physiology
THE FUNCTION OF THE HUMAN BODY
how do muscles contract
structure always reflects
function
