chapter 1

Question 1

Professional organization representing psychologists in the United States.

Answer 1

American Psychological Association (APA)

Question 2

Focus on observing and controlling behaviors

Answer 2

Behaviorism

Question 3

Study of how biology influences behavior

Answer 3

Biopsychology

Question 3

Perspective that asserts that biology, psychology, and social factors interact to determine an individual’s health

Answer 3

Biopsychosocial model

Question 4

Study of cognitions or thoughts and their relationship to experiences and actions

Answer 4

Cognitive psychology

Question 4

Area of psychology that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and other problematic patterns of behavior

Answer 4

Clinical psychology

Question 5

Area of psychology that focuses on improving emotional, social, vocational, and other aspects of the lives of psychologically healthy individuals

Answer 5

Counseling psychology

Question 6

Scientific study of development across a lifespan

Answer 6

Developmental psychology

Question 7

Long research paper about research that was conducted as a part of the candidate’s doctoral training

Answer 7

Dissertation

Question 8

Method for acquiring knowledge based on observation, including experimentation, rather than a method based only on forms of logical argument or previous authorities

Answer 8

Empirical Method

Question 9

Area of psychology that applies the science and practice of psychology to issues within and related to the justice system

Answer 9

Forensic psychology

Question 10

Focused on how mental activities helped an organism adapt to its environment

Answer 10

Functionalism

Question 11

Perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans

Answer 11

Humanism

Question 12

process by which someone examines their own conscious experience in an attempt to break it into its component parts

Answer 12

Introspection

Question 13

Suffix that denotes “scientific study of”

Answer 13

-ology

Question 14

Study of patterns of thoughts and behaviors that makes each individual unique

Answer 14

Personality psychology

Question 14

Consistent pattern of thought and behavior

Answer 14

Personality trait

Question 15

Doctoral degree conferred in many disciplinary perspectives housed in a traditional college or liberal arts and sciences

Answer 15

PhD (Doctor of Philosophy)

Question 16

allows young scientists to further develop their research programs and broaden their research skills under the supervision of other professionals in the field

Answer 16

Postdoctoral training program

Question 17

Focus on the role of the unconscious in affecting conscious behavior

Answer 17

Psychoanalytic Theory

Question 18

Scientific study of the mind and behavior

Answer 18

Psychology

Question 19

Doctoral degree that places less emphasis on research-oriented skills and focuses more on application of psychological principles on the clinical context

Answer 19

PsyD (Doctor of Psychology)

Question 20

Area of psychology that focuses on the interactions between mental and emotional factors and physical performance in sports, exercise, and other activities

Answer 20

Sport and exercise psychology

Question 21

Understanding the conscious experience through introspection

Answer 21

Structuralism

Question 22

what was mentioned as a skill to which psychology students would be exposed a. critical thinking b. use of the scientific method c. critical evaluation of sources of information d. all of the above

Answer 22

D. All of the above

Question 23

Before psychology became a recognized academic discipline, matters of the mind were undertaken by those in a. biology b. chemistry c. philosophy d. physics

Answer 23

C. Philosophy

Question 24

In the scientific method, a hypothesis is a a. observation b. measurement c. test d. proposed explanation

Answer 24

D. Proposed explanation

Question 25

what theorist would be most likely to agree with this statement: perceptual phenomena are best understood as a combination of their components a. william james b. max wertheimer c. carl rogers d. noam chomsky

Answer 25

B. Max Wertheimer

Question 26

who is most well known for proposing his hierarchy of needs a. noam chomsky b. carl rogers c. abraham maslow d. sigmund freud

Answer 26

C. Abraham Maslow

Question 27

Rogers believed that providing genuineness empathy, and ______ in the therapeutic environment for his clients was critical to their being able to deal with their problems a. Structuralism b. Functionalism c. Gestalt d. Unconditional positive regard

Answer 27

D. Unconditional positive regard

Question 28

The operant conditioning chamber (aka_____ box) is a device used to study the principles of operant conditioning a. Skinner b. Watson c. James d. Koffka

Answer 28

A. Skinner

Question 29

A researcher interested in how changes in the cells of the hippocampus ( A structure in the brain related to learning and memory) are related to memory formation would be most likely to identify as a a. Biological b. Health c. Clinical d. Social

Answer 29

A. Biological

Question 30

an individual's consistent pattern of thought and behavior is known as a. Psychosexual stage b. Object permanence c. personality d. perception

Answer 30

C. Personality

Question 31

Milgram's controversial study on obedience, nearly______ of the participants were willing to administer what appeared to be lethal electrical shocks to another person because they were told to do so by an authority figure a. 1/3 b. 2/3 c. 3/4 d. 4/5

Answer 31

B. 2/3

Question 32

A researcher interested in what factors make an employee best suited for a given job would most likely identify as a _______ psychologist a. personality b. clinical c. social d. I-O

Answer 32

D. I-O

Question 33

If someone wanted to become a psychology professor at a 4-year college, they would probably need a ______ degree in psychology a. bachelor of science b. bachelor of art c. master's d. PhD

Answer 33

D. PhD

Question 34

The ______ places less emphasis on research and more emphasis on application of therapeutic skills a. PhD b. PsyD c. Postdoctoral training program d. dissertation

Answer 34

B. PsyD

Question 35

Which of the following degrees would be the minimum required to teach psychology courses in high school a. PhD b. PsyD c. Master's degree d. Bachelors degree

Answer 35

D. Bachelors degree

Question 36

One would need at least a ____ degree to serve as a school psychologist a. Associates b. Bachelors c. masters d. doctoral

Answer 36

C. Masters