Chapter 1 Flashcards
(16 cards)
Steps to Scientific Method
Identify problem, develop research plan, conduct the study, analyze and evaluate data, communicate results, generate more new ideas
Research hypothesis
A specific testable claim or prediction about what you expect to observe given a set of circumstances
Operational definition
Description of some observable event in term of the specific process or manner by which it was observed or measured
A population
a set of all individuals, items, or data of interest about which scientists will generalize
Tenacity
Method of knowing based largely on habit or superstition
Intuition
A method of knowing based largely on an individual’s hunch or feeling that something is correct
Authority
A method of knowing accepted as fact because it was stated by an expert or respected source in a particular subject area
Rationalism
A method of knowing that requires the use of reasoning and logic
Empiricism
A method of knowing based on one’s experiences or observations
Goal: describe
What is the behavior or event?
Goal: explain
What are the causes of the behavior or event?
Goal: predict
Can we anticipate when the behavior or event will occur in the future?
Goal: control
Can we manipulate the conditions necessary to make a behavior or event occur and not occur?
Basic research
Uses the scientific method to answer questions that address theoretical issues about fundamental processes and underlying mechanisms related to the behaviors and events being studied
Applied research
Uses the scientific method to answer questions concerning practical problems with potential practical solutions
Pseudoscience
a set of procedures that are not scientific, and is a part of a system or set of beliefs that try to deceptively create the impression that the knowledge gained represents the most reliable knowledge on the subject
