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Biology 22 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Organ systems: Integumentary

A

Forms the external body covering

Protects deeper tissue from injury

Helps regulate body temperature

Location of cutaneous nerve receptors

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2
Q

Organ Systems: Skeletal

A

Protects and supports body organs

Provides muscle attachment for movement

Site of blood cell formation Stores minerals

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3
Q

Organ Systems: Muscular

A

Produces movement

Maintains posture

Produces heat

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4
Q

Organ Systems: Nervous

A

Fast-acting control system

Responds to internal and external change

Activates muscles and glands

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5
Q

Organ Systems: Endocrine

A

Secretes regulatory hormones for Growth, Reproduction, Metabolism

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6
Q

Organ Systems: Cardiovascular

A

Transports materials in body via blood which is pumped by heart. Oxygen Carbon dioxide Nutrients Wastes

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7
Q

Organ Systems: Lymphatic

A

Returns fluids to blood vessels Cleanses the blood Involved in immunity

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8
Q

Organ Systems: Respiratory

A

Keeps blood supplied with oxygen Removes carbon dioxide

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9
Q

Organ Systems: Digestive

A

Breaks down food Allows for nutrient absorption into blood Eliminates indigestible material as feces

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10
Q

Organ Systems: Urinary

A

Eliminates nitrogenous wastes Maintains acid-base balance Regulates water and electrolytes

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11
Q

Organ Systems: Reproductive

A

Produces offspring Testes produce sperm and male hormone Ovaries produce eggs and female hormones

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12
Q

Maintaining Homeostasis: Receptor

A

Responds to changes in the environment (stimuli) Sends information to control center

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13
Q

Maintaining Homeostasis: Control center

A

Determines set point Analyzes information Determines appropriate response

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14
Q

Maintaining Homeostasis: Effector

A

Provides a means for response to the stimulus

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15
Q

Maintaining Homeostasis: Negative feedback

A

Includes most homeostatic control mechanisms Shuts off the original stimulus, or reduces its intensity Works like a household thermostat

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16
Q

Maintaining Homeostasis: Positive feedback

A

Increases the original stimulus to push the variable farther In the body this only occurs in blood clotting and during the birth of a baby

17
Q

Superior (cranial or cephalad):

A

toward the head end or upper part of a structure or the body; above

18
Q

Inferior (caudal):

A

away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure or the body; below

19
Q

Ventral (anterior):

A

toward or at the front of the body; in front of

20
Q

Dorsal (posterior):

A

toward or at the backside of the body; behind

21
Q

sagittal plane

A

divides body into right and left parts

22
Q

frontal or coronal

A

divides the body (or organ) into anterior and posterior parts.

23
Q

transverse or cross section

A

divides the body (or organ) into superior and inferior parts.

24
Q

what does the dorsal cavity protect?

A

the nervous system

25
Q

what are the two subdivisions of cavities within the dorsal cavity?

A

cranial cavity (encases brain) vertebral cavity (encases spinal cord)

26
Q

What does the ventral cavity house?

A

the internal organs (visera)

27
Q

what are the 2 subdivisions of the ventral cavity?

A

thoracic cavity abdominopelvic cavity

28
Q

Thoracic cavity subdivisions:

A

Two pleural cavities Each houses a lung Mediastinum Contains pericardial cavity Surrounds thoracic organs Pericardial cavity Encloses heart

29
Q

Abdominopelvic cavity subdivisions: Abdominal cavity Contains stomach, intestines, spleen, and liver Pelvic cavity Contains urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum

A

Abdominal cavity Contains stomach, intestines, spleen, and liver Pelvic cavity Contains urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum

30
Q

Name the 9 quadrants on the left figure

A
31
Q

What organs are in the R hypochondric area?

A

liver and gallbladder

32
Q

What organ is in the epigastric region?

A

Stomach

33
Q

What organ is in the right limbar region?

A

ascending colon

34
Q

What organ is in the Umbilical region?

A

small intestines

35
Q

What organ is in the left limbar region?

A

descending colon

36
Q

What organ is in the right iliac region?

A

Cecum

37
Q

What organs (4) are in the pubic region?

A

urinary bladder

uterus

uterine tubes

ovaries

38
Q

What organs are in the left iliac region?

A

sigmoid colon

39
Q
A

Biology 22 (11 decks)

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