Chapter 1:4- 1.6

Question 1

anatomical positon

Answer 1

hands to the sides with palms facing forward and feet together

Question 2

why anatomical position?

Answer 2

serves as the reference position for all other terms and movements

Question 3

supine

Answer 3

laying down in the anatomical position face up

Question 4

prone

Answer 4

laying down in the anatomical position face down

Question 5

anterior/ventral

Answer 5

toward the front of the body

Question 6

posterior/dorsal

Answer 6

toward the back of the body

Question 7

superior

Answer 7

close to the head

Question 8

inferior

Answer 8

close to the feet

Question 9

medial

Answer 9

middle of the body

Question 10

lateral

Answer 10

farther away from the middle

Question 11

superficial

Answer 11

on the outside

Question 12

deep

Answer 12

on the inside

Question 13

proximal

Answer 13

closer to the point of attachment

Question 14

distal

Answer 14

farther from the point of attachment

Question 15

coronal/frontal planes

Answer 15

vertical plane that separates anterior from posterior

Question 16

midsagittal

Answer 16

vertical plane down the midline dividing the body into equal left and right halves

Question 17

sagittal

Answer 17

dent directly run down the midline and results in unequal left and right halves

Question 18

transverse/horizontal plane

Answer 18

plane is perpendicular to the long axis and separated superior from inferior

Question 19

homeostasis

Answer 19

ability to maintain constant internal environment or steady state

Question 20

what happens if theres a failure to maintain homeostasis

Answer 20

results in illness or death

Question 21

negative feedback

Answer 21

effector activation opposes or negates the original stimulus which disturbed homeostasis

Question 22

Example with body temperature

Answer 22

receptors in the skin and brain identify a disturbance and relays the info to the control center, the hypothalamus in the brain receives the the signal from the receptors and relays it to the effectors. blood vessels dilate to increase blood flow near body surface and sweat glands secrete sweat. homeostasis is then restored

Question 23

positive feedback

Answer 23

stimulus is reinforced until a climate event occurs

Question 24

example with blood clotting

Answer 24

damaged cells release chemicals to begin clotting, chemicals start a chain reaction here cell fragments and soluble proteins begin to clot/ as clotting continues each step releases chemicals that further accelerate the process. clotting escalates until clot patches vessel wall and stops bleeding