chapter 2: 2.1-2.3

Question 1

matter

Answer 1

substance that has mass and occupies space.

Question 2

three components of matter are?

Answer 2

solid, liquid and gas

Question 3

atom

Answer 3

smallest stable unit of matter

Question 4

subatomic particles

Answer 4

composed of atoms

Question 5

electron

Answer 5

negatively charged, found in the orbitals of an atom

Question 6

proton

Answer 6

positively charged, found in nucleus

Question 7

neutron

Answer 7

no charge and also in the nucleus

Question 8

atomic number

Answer 8

number of protons in an atom

Question 9

the atomic number…

Answer 9

1. is the number on top of the element symbol in the periodic table
2. never changes for that element

Question 10

atomic mass

Answer 10

indicates the mass of both the protons and neutrons

Question 11

the atomic mass is…

Answer 11

the number below the element symbol and also know as atomic weight

Question 12

ion

Answer 12

atoms/groups of atoms which have gained or lost an electron

Question 13

cation

Answer 13

positively charged, they lose electrons causing them to have more protons than electrons

Question 14

anion

Answer 14

negatively charged, atoms which gain electrons causing them to have more electrons than protons

Question 15

why do electrons get lost or added?

Answer 15

to help fill up energy levels

Question 16

covalently bonded molecule

Answer 16

the sharing of electrons between atoms

Question 17

molecular compounds

Answer 17

composed of two or more different elements

Question 18

molecular formula

Answer 18

the number and types of atoms composing a molecule

Question 19

structural formula

Answer 19

complementary to its molecular formula and exhibits the arrangement within the molecule

Question 20

isomers

Answer 20

which are molecules composed of the same number and types of elements but rare arranged differently in space

Question 21

how do electron shells fill up?

Answer 21

always from inner shell out. 2 electrons in inner shell and 8 in the second and third shells

Question 22

molecules

Answer 22

atoms can also stabilize their outer shells through chemical bonds forming

Question 23

polar covalent

Answer 23

the bond within a water molecule

Question 24

hydrogen bond

Answer 24

the bond between water molecules

Question 25

solution

Answer 25

solute + solvent

Question 26

non polar

Answer 26

contain non polar covalent bonds which are bonds formed between the same elements

Question 27

polar molecules

Answer 27

contain polar covalent bonds, which contain different elements bonded together

Question 28

single covalent bond

Answer 28

is a pair of electrons shared between two atoms

Question 29

double covalent bond

Answer 29

sharing of two pairs of electrons between two atoms

Question 30

triple covalent bond

Answer 30

three pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms