Chapter 1

Question 1

survey

Answer 1

technique for discovering the self-resorted attitudes / behaviors of a particular group, using questions a representative, a random sample of the group

Question 2

correlation

Answer 2

a measure to which two factors vary together, and how well either factor predicts the other

Question 3

population

Answer 3

all the cases in a group being studied, where samples can be drawn

Question 4

naturalistic observation

Answer 4

observing / recording behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to manipulate / control the situation

Question 5

replication

Answer 5

repeating the nature of a research study, normally with different participants in different situations, to see if basic finding extends to other participants

Question 6

case study

Answer 6

observation / technique where one person is studied deeply, in hope of revealing universal principals

Question 7

theory

Answer 7

explanations using a mix set of principals, organizes observations / predicts behaviors or events

Question 8

hypothesis

Answer 8

testable prediction, often implied by a theory

Question 9

statistical significance

Answer 9

a statistical statement of how likely it is than an obtained result occurred by chance

Question 10

normal curve

Answer 10

symmetrical, bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many types of data, most of the scores falling near the mean ( 68% fall within one standard deviation of it )

Question 11

standard deviation

Answer 11

a computer measure of how many scores vary around the mean score

Question 12

range

Answer 12

difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution

Question 13

median

Answer 13

middle score in the distribution; half the scores are above it and half are below it

Question 14

mean

Answer 14

arithmetic average of a distribution; adding the scores together and then dividing by the number of scores

Question 15

mode

Answer 15

most frequently occurring score is in the distribution