Chapter 15 Flashcards
(36 cards)
Psychotherapy
treatment involving psychological techniques; consists of interactions between a trained therapist & someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth.
Eclectic approach
an approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the clients problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy.
Psychoanalysis
Freud’s theory of personality & therapeutic technique that attributes thoughts & actions to unconscious motives & conflicts. Freud believed the patients free associations, resistances, dreams, & transference and the therapist’s interpretations of them - released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self insight.
Resistance
in psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material.
Interpretation
in psychoanalysis, the analyst’s noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight.
Person-centered theory (Client-centered)
a humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapies uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathetic environment to facilitate client’s growth.
Active listening
empathetic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. a feature of Roger’s client-centered therapy.
Systematic desensitization
a type of exposure therapy that associated a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety - triggering stimuli. commonly used to treat phobias.
Gestalt therapy
an organized whole, psychologists emphasized our tendency to integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes.
Behavioral therapy
therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors.
Counter conditioning
a behavior therapy procedure that uses classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors; include exposure therapies and aversive conditioning.
Psycho dynamic therapy
therapy deriving from the psychoanalytic tradition that views individuals as responding to unconscious forces & childhood experiences, and that seeks to enhance self-insight.
Insight therapies
a variety of therapies which aim to improve psychological functioning by increasing the client’s awareness of underlying motives and defenses.
Unconditional positive regard
a caring, accepting, nonjudgmental attitude, which Carl Rogers believed to be conductive to developing self-awareness and self-acceptance.
Virtual reality exposure therapy
an anxiety treatment that progressively exposes people to simulations of their greatest fears, such as airplane, flying, spiders, or public speaking.
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)
the application of repeated pulses of magnetic energy to the brain’s; used to stimulate or suppress brain activity.
Anti psychotic drugs
drugs used to treat schizophrenia and other forms of severe thought disorder.
Anti anxiety drugs
drugs used to control anxiety and agitation.
Averisive conditioning
a type of counter conditioning that associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol).
Token economy
an operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the tokens for various privileges or threats.
Cognitive therapy
therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking, and acting, based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions.
Rational-emotive therapy
a comprehensive, active-directive, psychotherapy which focuses on resolving emotional & behavioral problems & disturbances and enabling people to lead happier and more fulfilling lives.
Family therapy
therapy that treats the family as a system. views an individual’s unwanted behaviors as influenced by, or directed at, other family members.
Meta-analysis
a procedure for statistically combing the results of many different research studies.
