Chapter 10 Part 1

Question 1

electroencephalogram

Answer 1

record of the electrical activity of the brain

Question 2

electroneurodiagnostic

Answer 2

pertaining to the use of electricity in the diagnosis of a neurological disorder

Question 3

epilepsy

Answer 3

chronic brain disorder due to paroxysmal excessive neuronal charges. Greek: seizure

Question 4

epileptic

Answer 4

pertaining to or suffering from epilepsy

Question 5

motor

Answer 5

structures of the nervous system that send impulses out. Latin: to move

Question 6

nerve

Answer 6

a cord of fibers bound together by connective tissue

Question 7

nervous system

Answer 7

the whole. Integrated nerve apparatus

Question 8

neurology

Answer 8

medical speciality of disorders of the nervous system

Question 9

neurosurgeon

Answer 9

one who operates on the nervous system

Question 10

sensory

Answer 10

pertaining to sensation; structures of the nervous system that carry impulses to the brain

Question 11

afferent

Answer 11

moving toward a center (toward the spinal cord and brain). Latin: to bring to

Question 12

autonomic

Answer 12

self-governing visceral motor division of the peripheral nervous system

Question 13

axon

Answer 13

single process of a nerve cell body that receives nervous stimuli. Greek: axis

Question 14

dendrite

Answer 14

branched extension of the nerve cell body that receives nervous stimuli. Greek: tree-like

Question 15

dopamine

Answer 15

neurotransmitter in some specific areas of the brain

Question 16

efferent

Answer 16

moving away from a center (away from the brain and spinal cord). Latin: to bring away from

Question 17

glia

Answer 17

connective tissue that holds a structure together. Greek: glue

Question 18

glial

Answer 18

pertaining to glia or neuroglia

Question 19

neuroglia

Answer 19

connective tissue holding nervous tissue together

Question 20

myelin

Answer 20

material of the sheath around the axon of a nerve

Question 21

neuron

Answer 21

technical term for a nerve cell, consists of a cell body with its dendrites and axons

Question 22

neurotransmitter

Answer 22

chemical agent that relays messages from one nerve cell to the next

Question 23

parasympathetic (two prefixes)

Answer 23

division of the autonomic nervous system; calms the body

Question 24

somatic

Answer 24

a division of the peripheral nervous system serving the skeletal muscles

Question 25

sympathetic

Answer 25

division of the autonomic nervous system; excites the body

Question 26

synapse

Answer 26

junction between two nerve cells where electrical impulses are transmitted

Question 27

visceral, viscus, viscera

Answer 27

pertaining to the internal organs

Question 28

cerebellum

Answer 28

posterior area of the brain between the midbrain and the cerebral hemispheres

Question 29

cerebrospinal

Answer 29

pertaining to the brain and spinal cord

Question 30

cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 30

fluid formed in the ventricles of the brain, surrounds brain and spinal cord

Question 31

cerebrum, cerebral

Answer 31

pertaining to the cerebral hemispheres of the brain

Question 32

corpus callosum

Answer 32

bridge of nerve fibers connecting the two cerebral hemispheres

Question 33

frontal lobe

Answer 33

front area of the cerebral hemispheres

Question 34

gyrus, gyri

Answer 34

rounded elevation on the surface of the cerebral hemispheres

Question 35

hypothalamus

Answer 35

an endocrine gland in the floor and wall of the third ventricle of the brain

Question 36

occipital lobe

Answer 36

posterior area of the cerebral hemisphere

Question 37

parieatl lobe

Answer 37

area of the brain under the parietal lobe

Question 38

sulcus, sulci

Answer 38

groove on the surface of the cerebral hemisphere that separate gyri

Question 39

temporal lobe

Answer 39

posterior 2/3 of the cerebral hemisphere

Question 40

thalamus

Answer 40

mass of gray matter under the ventricle in each cerebral hemisphere

Question 41

arachnoid mater

Answer 41

weblike middle layer of the three meninges

Question 42

dura mater

Answer 42

hard, fibrous outer layer of the meninges

Question 43

epidural

Answer 43

above the dura

Question 44

epidural space

Answer 44

space between the dura mater and the wall of the vertebral canal

Question 45

meninges

Answer 45

three-layeres covering of the brain and spinal cord

Question 46

meningitis

Answer 46

inflammation of the meninges

Question 47

pia mater

Answer 47

delicate inner layer of the meninges

Question 48

subarachnoid space

Answer 48

space between pia mater and the arachnoid membrane

Question 49

Alzheimer disease

Answer 49

common form of dementia

Question 50

cognition

Answer 50

process of acquiring memory through thinking, learning, and memory. Latin: knowledge

Question 51

confusion

Answer 51

mental state in which environmental stimuli are not processed appropriately

Question 52

delirium

Answer 52

acute altered state of consciousness with agitation and disorientation

Question 53

dementia

Answer 53

chronic, progessive, irreversible loss of cognitive/intellectual functions

Question 54

empathy

Answer 54

ability to place yourself into the feelings and emotions of another person

Question 55

sympathy

Answer 55

appreciation and concern for another person's mental state

Question 56

sedative

Answer 56

agent that calms nervous excitement

Question 57

sedation

Answer 57

state of being calmed

Question 58

senile

Answer 58

characteristic of old age

Question 59

stroke

Answer 59

acute clinical event caused by impaired cerebral circulation

Question 60

grand mal

Answer 60

old name for generalized tonic-clonic seizure

Question 61

narcolepsy

Answer 61

involuntary falling asleep

Question 62

petit mal

Answer 62

old name for absence seizures

Question 63

postictal

Answer 63

transient neurologic decifit after seizure

Question 64

ictal

Answer 64

pertaining to/caused by a seizure

Question 65

tic

Answer 65

sudden, involuntary, repeated contraction of muscles. French

Question 66

tonic

Answer 66

state of muscular contraction

Question 67

tonic-clonic seizure

Answer 67

the body alternates between muscular rigidity and jerking muscular contractions

Question 68

Tourette syndrome

Answer 68

disorder of multiple motor and vocal tics. Named after Gilles de la Tourette, French neurologist