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Medical Terminology > Chapter 9 Part 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

bile

A

fluid secreted by the liver into the duodenum

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2
Q

bile acids

A

steroids synthesized from cholesterol

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3
Q

biliary

A

pertaining to bile

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4
Q

bilirubin

A

bile pigment formed in the liver from hemoglobin

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5
Q

cirrhosis

A

extensive fibriotic liver disease

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6
Q

glycogen

A

the body’s principal carbohydrate reserve, stored in the liver and skeletal muscles

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7
Q

hepatic

A

pertaining to the liver

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8
Q

hepatitis

A

inflammation of the liver

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9
Q

jaundice

A

yellow staining of tissues with bile pigments, including bilirubin

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10
Q

liver

A

body’s largest organ, located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen

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11
Q

provisional disgnosis

A

temporary diagnosis pending further examination or testing

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12
Q

aphthous

A

painful small ulcers (canker sores) greek: ulcer

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13
Q

canker

A

nonmedical term for apthous ulcer. Latin: crab

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14
Q

caries

A

bacterial descruction of teeth. Latin: dry rot

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15
Q

gingiva

A

tissue surrounding the teeth and covering the jaw. Latin: gum

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16
Q

gingival

A

pertaining to the gums

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17
Q

gingivitis

A

inflammation of the gums

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18
Q

gingivectomy

A

surgical removal of diseases gum tissue

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19
Q

halitosis

A

bad breath

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20
Q

peridontal

A

around a tooth

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21
Q

peridontics

A

branch of dentistry specializing in gum disorders

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22
Q

peridontitis

A

inflammation of tissue around a tooth

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23
Q

plaque

A

patch of abnormal tissue. French: plate

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24
Q

pyorrhea

A

purulent discharge (pus)

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25
tartar
calcified deposit at the gingival margin of the teeth. Latin: crust on wine casks
26
thrush
infection with Candida albicans
27
ailmentary
pertaining to the digestive tract
28
ailmentary canal
digestive tract
29
anus
terminal opening of digestive tract through which feces are discharged. Latin: ring
30
anal
pertaining to the anus
31
bariatric
treatment of obesity
32
digestion
breakdown of food into elements suitable for cell metabolism
33
digestive
pertaining to digestion
34
esophagus
tube linking the pharynx and the stomac. Greek: gullet
35
gastric
pertaining to the stomach
36
gastroenterology
medical speciality of stomach and intestines
37
intestine
digestive tube from the stomach to the anus
38
laparoscopy
examination of contents of abdomen using an endoscope
39
nutrient
a substance in food required for normal physiologic function. Latin: to nourish
40
amino acid
basic building block for protein. Acid, latin: sour
41
chyle
a milky fluid that results from the digestion and absorption of fats in the small intestine. Greek: juice
42
emulsify
break up into very small droplets to suspend in a solution
43
emulsion
the system that contains small droplets suspended in a liquid
44
lacteal
a lymphatic vessel carrying chyle away from the intestine
45
lipase
enzyme that breaks down fat
46
lipid
general term for all types of fatty compounds
47
mineral
inorganic compund usually found in the earth's crust
48
bolus
a single mass of a substance. Greek: lump
49
deglutition
the act of swallowing
50
masticate
to chew
51
mastication
the process of chewing
52
peristalsis
waves of alternate contraction and relaxation of the intestinal wall, which moves food along the digestive tract
53
constipation
hard, infrequent bowel movements
54
Chron disease
narrowing and thickening of terminal small bowel
55
dehydration
process of losing body water
56
dysentary
disease with diarrhea, bowel spasms, and dehydration
57
gastroenteneritis
inflammation of the stomach and intestines
58
lactose
the disaccharide found in cow's milk
59
lactase
enzyme that breaks down lactose to glucose and galactose
60
malnutrition
inadequate nutrition from poor diet of inadequate absorption of nutrients
61
anastomosis
a surginally-made union between two tubular structures
62
endoscope
instrument to examine the inside of a hollow or tubular organ
63
colonscopy
examining the colon by endoscopy
64
panendoscopy
examination of the inside of the esophagus, stomach, and upper duodenum using a flexible endoscope
65
proctoscopy or anoscopy
examination of the inside of the anus by endoscopy
66
sigmoidoscopy
examination by endoscopy of the sigmoid colon
67
gastroscopy
examination of the inside of the stomach by endoscopy
68
enema
an injection of fluid into the rectum
69
ostomy
artificial opening into a tubular structure
70
colostomy
artificial opening from the colon to the outsid of the body
71
ileostomy
artificial opening from the ileum to the outside of the body
72
stoma
artificial opening
73
celiac disease
disease caused by sensitivity to gluten
74
diarrhea
abnormally frequent and loose stools
75
flatulence
excessive amount of gas in the stomach and intestines
76
flatus
gas or air expelled through the anus. Latin: blowing
77
gluten
insoluble protein found in wheat, barley, and oats. Latin: glue
78
malabsoprtion
inadequate gastrointestinal absorption of nutrients
79
portal vein
the vein that carries blood from the intestines to the liver. Latin: gate
80
starch
complex carbohydrate made of multiple units of glucose
81
vilius
thin, hairlike projection, particularly of a mucous membrane lining a cavity

Medical Terminology (9 decks)

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