Chapter 12

Question 1

antidiuretic

Answer 1

an agent that decreases urine production

Question 2

endocrine

Answer 2

a gland that produces an internal or hormonal secretion

Question 3

endocrinology

Answer 3

study of the effects and productions of hormones

Question 4

endocrinologist

Answer 4

one who studies endocrinology

Question 5

hormone

Answer 5

chemical formed in one tissue or organ and carried by the bloodstream to stimulate another organ

Question 6

hypothalamus

Answer 6

an endocrine gland in the floor and the wall of the third ventricle of the brain

Question 7

melatonin

Answer 7

hormone formed by the adrenal gland

Question 8

oxytocin

Answer 8

pituitary hormone that stimulates the uterus to contract

Question 9

pineal

Answer 9

pertaining to the pituitary gland

Question 10

prostogladin

Answer 10

hormone present in many tissues, but first isolated from the prostate gland

Question 11

serotonin

Answer 11

neurotransmitter in central and peripheral nervous systems

Question 12

acromegaly

Answer 12

enlargement of head, face, hands, and feet due to excess growth hormone as an adult

Question 13

andrenocorticotropic

Answer 13

hormone of the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland to produce its own hormones

Question 14

corticosteriod

Answer 14

a hormone produced by the adrenal cortex

Question 15

corticotropin

Answer 15

pituitary hormone that stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland to secrete cortisone

Question 16

cortisone

Answer 16

a corticosteroid produced in small amounts by the adrenal cortex

Question 17

diabetes insipidus

Answer 17

excretion of large amounts of dilute urine as a result of inadequate antidiuretic hormone

Question 18

gonadrotropin

Answer 18

any hormone that stimulates gonad function

Question 19

gonad

Answer 19

organ that produces sex cells

Question 20

hydrocortisone

Answer 20

potent glucortoid with antiinflammatory properties

Question 21

prolactin

Answer 21

pituitary hormone thst stimulates the production of milk

Question 22

somatotropin/growth hormone

Answer 22

hormone of the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the growth of body tissues

Question 23

thyrotropin

Answer 23

hormone from the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates function of the thyroid gland

Question 24

calcitonin

Answer 24

hormone produced by the thyroid gland that moves calcium from the blood to bones

Question 25

emaciation

Answer 25

abnormal thinness

Question 26

emaciated

Answer 26

pertaining to or suffering from emaciation

Question 27

parathyroid

Answer 27

endocrine glands embedded in the back of the thyroid gland

Question 28

thymus

Answer 28

endocrine gland located in the mediastinum

Question 29

thyroid

Answer 29

endocrine gland in the neck/a cartilage of the larynx

Question 30

thyroxine

Answer 30

thyroid hormone T4, tetraiodothyrine

Question 31

cretin

Answer 31

severe congenital hypothyroidism

Question 32

cretinism

Answer 32

condition of having severe congenital hypothyroidism

Question 33

exophthalamos

Answer 33

protrusion of the eyeball

Question 34

goiter

Answer 34

enlargement of the thyroid gland

Question 35

graves disease

Answer 35

hyperthyroidism with toxic goiter

Question 36

hashimoto disease

Answer 36

sutoimmune disease of the thyroid gland

Question 37

hyperparathyroidism

Answer 37

excessive levels of parathyroid hormone

Question 38

hypoparahtyroidism

Answer 38

deficient levels of parathyroid hormone

Question 39

hyperpyrexia

Answer 39

extremely high body temperature of fever

Question 40

hyperthyroidism

Answer 40

excessive production of thyroid hormones

Question 41

hypothyroidism

Answer 41

deficient production of thyroid hormones

Question 42

iodine

Answer 42

chemical element, the lack of which causes thyroid disease

Question 43

myxedema

Answer 43

nonpitting, waxy edema of the skin in hypothyroidism

Question 44

tetany

Answer 44

severe muscle twitches, cramps, and spasms

Question 45

thyroidectomy

Answer 45

surgical removal of the thyroid gland

Question 46

thyroiditis

Answer 46

inflammation of thr thyroid gland

Question 47

thyrotoxicosis/hyperthyroidism

Answer 47

disorder produced by excessive thyroid hormone production

Question 48

Addison disease

Answer 48

autoimmune disease leading to decreased production of adrenocortical steroids

Question 49

adrenal

Answer 49

endocrine gland on the upper pole of each kidney

Question 50

adrenaline

Answer 50

main catecholamine produced by the adrenal medulla

Question 51

adrenocortical

Answer 51

pertaining to the cortex of the adrenal gland

Question 52

aldosterone

Answer 52

mineralcorticoid hormone of the adrenal cortex

Question 53

catecholamine

Answer 53

major elements produced by the adrenal cortex in the stress response, include ephinephrine and norephinephrine