Chapter 13: The Urinary System

Question 1

ammonia

Answer 1

toxic breakdown of amino acids

Question 2

bladder

Answer 2

hollow sac that holds fluids: urine or bile

Question 3

filter

Answer 3

porous substance used to separate liquids and gases from patriculate matter

Question 4

filtrate

Answer 4

liquiate that has passed through a filter

Question 5

filtration

Answer 5

process of passing liquid through a filter

Question 6

hilum, hilia (pl)

Answer 6

the part where the nerves and blood vessels enter and leave an organ

Question 7

kidney

Answer 7

organ of excretion

Question 8

nephron

Answer 8

filtration unit of the kidney; glomerulus + renal

Question 9

nephrology

Answer 9

study of the kidney

Question 10

nephrologist

Answer 10

medical specialitst of the kidney

Question 11

nitrogenous

Answer 11

containing or generating nitrogen

Question 12

renal

Answer 12

pertaining to the kidney

Question 13

urea

Answer 13

end product of nitrogen metabolism

Question 14

ureter

Answer 14

tube that connects each kidney to the urinary bladder

Question 15

urine

Answer 15

fluid and dissolved substances excreted by kidney

Question 16

urology

Answer 16

medical speciality that studies the urinary system

Question 17

diuretic

Answer 17

agent that increases urine output

Question 18

glomerulonephritis

Answer 18

infection of the glomeruli of the kidney

Question 19

hematuria

Answer 19

blood in the urine

Question 20

nephrectomy

Answer 20

surgical removal of a kidney

Question 21

nephroblastoma (Wilms tumor)

Answer 21

cancerous kidney tumor of childhood.

Question 22

nephropathy

Answer 22

any disease of the kidney

Question 23

nephrotic syndrome

Answer 23

glomerular disease with marked loss of protein

Question 24

nephrosis

Answer 24

same as nephrotic syndrome

Question 25

pyelogram

Answer 25

xray image of renal pelvis and ureters

Question 26

auria

Answer 26

absence of urine production

Question 27

dialysis

Answer 27

artificial method of filtration to remove excess waste materials from the body

Question 28

hemodialysis

Answer 28

artificial method of filtration to remove excess waste materials from the blood

Question 29

nephritis

Answer 29

inflammation of the kidney

Question 30

oliguria

Answer 30

scanty production of urine

Question 31

polycystic

Answer 31

composed of many cysts

Question 32

pylonephritis

Answer 32

inflammation of the kidney and renal pelvis

Question 33

sibling

Answer 33

brother or sister

Question 34

transplant

Answer 34

transferring tissue from one person to another

Question 35

uremia

Answer 35

the complex of symptoms arising from renal failure

Question 36

calculus/calculi

Answer 36

small stone: latin, pebble

Question 37

extracorporeal

Answer 37

outside the body

Question 38

flank

Answer 38

side of the body between the pelvis and ribs. Latin: broad

Question 39

groin

Answer 39

crease where the thigh joins the abdomen

Question 40

hydronephrosis

Answer 40

dialation of the pelvis and calyces of a kidney

Question 41

lithotripsy

Answer 41

crushing stones by sound waves

Question 42

lithotripter

Answer 42

instrument that generates sound waves

Question 43

nephrolithiasis

Answer 43

presence of a kidney stone

Question 44

peristalsis

Answer 44

waves of alternate contraction and relaxation of the muscle wall of a tube

Question 45

enuresis

Answer 45

invountary bedwetting

Question 46

meatus

Answer 46

the external opening of a passage. Latin: a passage

Question 47

micturation

Answer 47

act of passing urine

Question 48

reflex

Answer 48

an involuntary reponse to a stimulus. Latin: to bend back

Question 49

sphincter

Answer 49

a band of muscle that encircles an opening and closes it. Greek: a band

Question 50

urethra

Answer 50

tube that carries urine from bladder to outside the bod. Greek: a passage for urine

Question 51

void

Answer 51

the evacuate urine or feces. Latin: to empty

Question 52

cystitis

Answer 52

inflammation of the urinary bladder

Question 53

dysuria

Answer 53

difficulty or pain with urination

Question 54

incontinent

Answer 54

inability to prevent discharge of urine or feces

Question 55

pyelitis

Answer 55

inflammation of the renal pelvis

Question 56

retention

Answer 56

holding back in the body what should normally be discharged

Question 57

suprapubic

Answer 57

above the symphysis pubis

Question 58

urethritis

Answer 58

inflammation of the urethra

Question 59

cast

Answer 59

cynindrical mold formed by materials in kidney tubes. Latin: pure

Question 60

cyctoscope

Answer 60

an endoscope inserted to view the inside of the bladder

Question 61

cystourethrogram

Answer 61

xray image during voiding ti show structure and function of the bladder and urethra

Question 62

glycosuria

Answer 62

presence of glucose in urine

Question 63

ketone

Answer 63

chemical formed in uncontrollable diabetes or in starvation

Question 64

nitrite

Answer 64

chemical formed in urine from e. coli and other microorganisms

Question 65

protenuria

Answer 65

presence of protein in urine

Question 66

retrograde

Answer 66

reversal of normal flow

Question 67

urinalysis

Answer 67

examination of urine to spearate it into its elements and define their kind and/or quality