Chapter 10 Part 2

Question 1

aneurysm

Answer 1

small, ciscumscribed dilation of an artery or cardiac chamber. Greek: dilation

Question 2

arteriography

Answer 2

xray visualation of of an artery after injection of contrast material

Question 3

bovine spongiform encephalopathy

Answer 3

“mad cow disease” can be transmitted to humans, causing Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

Question 4

carotid endartectomy

Answer 4

surgical removal of diseased lining from the carotid artery to leave a smooth lining and restore blood flow. Greek: large neck artery

Question 5

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

Answer 5

progressive, incurable, neurologic disease caused by infectious prions

Question 6

encephalitis

Answer 6

inflammation of brain cells and tissue

Question 7

migraine

Answer 7

paroxysmal severe headache confined to one side of the head

Question 8

Parkinson disease

Answer 8

disease of muscular rigidity, tremors, and a masklike facial expression

Question 9

prion

Answer 9

small, infectious protein particle, latin: protein

Question 10

syncope

Answer 10

temporary loss of consciousness and postural tone due to dimished cerebral flow

Question 11

tremor

Answer 11

small, shaking, involuntary, repetitive movements of hands, extremities, neck, or jaw

Question 12

analgesia

Answer 12

state in which pain is reduced

Question 13

analgesic

Answer 13

substance that produces analgesia

Question 14

Bell palsy

Answer 14

paresis or paralysis of one side of the face. Named afetr Charles Bell, surgeon

Question 15

concussion

Answer 15

mild brain injury

Question 16

contrecoup

Answer 16

injury to the brain at a point directly opposite the point of contact. French: counterblow

Question 17

contusion

Answer 17

hemorrhage into a tissue (bruising) including the brain

Question 18

coup

Answer 18

injury to the brain directly under the skull at the point of contact. French: a blow

Question 19

fibromyalgia

Answer 19

pain in the muscle fibers

Question 20

meningococcal

Answer 20

pertaining to the meningococcus bacterium

Question 21

sundural space

Answer 21

space between the arachnoid and dura mater layers of the meninges

Question 22

trauma

Answer 22

a physical or mental injury

Question 23

demyelenination

Answer 23

process of losing the myelin sheath of a nerve fiber

Question 24

exacerbation

Answer 24

period where there is an increase in severity of a disease

Question 25

intermittent

Answer 25

alternatively ceasing and beginning again

Question 26

modify

Answer 26

change the form or qualities of something

Question 27

paresthesia

Answer 27

abnormal sensation: tingling, burning, prickling

Question 28

remission

Answer 28

period where there is a lessening or absence of the symptoms of a disease

Question 29

sclerosis

Answer 29

thickening and hardening of a tissue, including nervous tissue

Question 30

amyotrophic

Answer 30

pertaining to muscular atrophy

Question 31

compression

Answer 31

squeeze together to increase density/decrease dimension of a muscle

Question 32

herniation

Answer 32

protrusion of an anatomical structure from its normal location

Question 33

myelitis

Answer 33

inflammation of the spinal cord

Question 34

neuopathy

Answer 34

any disorder of the nervous system

Question 35

mononeuropathy

Answer 35

disorder affecting one nerve

Question 36

polyneuropathy

Answer 36

disorder affecting many nerves

Question 37

paralyze

Answer 37

to make incapable of movement

Question 38

paresis

Answer 38

partial paralysis

Question 39

hemiparesis

Answer 39

weakness of one side of the body

Question 40

poliomyelitis

Answer 40

inflammation of gray matter of the spinal cord, leading to paralysis of the limbs and muscles of respiration

Question 41

postpolio syndrome

Answer 41

progressive muscle weakness in a person previously affected by polio

Question 42

syringomyelia

Answer 42

abnormal longitudinal cavities in the spinal cord causing paresthesias and muscle weakness

Question 43

anencephaly

Answer 43

born without cerebral hemispheres

Question 44

microcephaly

Answer 44

an abnormally small head

Question 45

ataxia

Answer 45

inability to coordinate muscle activity, leading to jerky movements

Question 46

athetosis

Answer 46

slow, writing involuntary movements

Question 47

hemiplegia

Answer 47

paralysis of one side of the body

Question 48

meningocele

Answer 48

protrusion of the meninges from the spinal cord or brain through a defect in the vertebral column or cranium

Question 49

monoplegia

Answer 49

paralysis of one limb

Question 50

palsy

Answer 50

paralysis from brain damage

Question 51

paraplegia

Answer 51

paralysis of both lower extremities

Question 52

quadriplegia

Answer 52

paralysis of all four limbs

Question 53

spina bifida

Answer 53

failure of one or more vertebral arches to close during fetal development

Question 54

spina bifida cyctica

Answer 54

spina bifida with the appearance of a cyst

Question 55

spinda bifida occulta

Answer 55

spina bifida is present but not apparent

Question 56

teratogen

Answer 56

agent that produces fetal deformities

Question 57

anxiety

Answer 57

distress and dread cause by fear, greek, distress

Question 58

bipolar disorder

Answer 58

a mood disorder with alternating periods of depression and mania

Question 59

delusion

Answer 59

fixed, unyielding false belief held despite strong evidence to the contrary

Question 60

hallucination

Answer 60

perception of an object or event that is not present

Question 61

mania

Answer 61

mood disorder with hyperactivity, irritability, and rapid speech

Question 62

manic

Answer 62

pertaining to mania

Question 63

mute

Answer 63

unable or unwilling to speak

Question 64

paranoia

Answer 64

presence of persecutory delusions

Question 65

phobia

Answer 65

pathologic fear or dread

Question 66

psychiatry

Answer 66

diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders

Question 67

psychology

Answer 67

science concerned with the human mind

Question 68

psychosis

Answer 68

disorder causing mental disruption and loss of contact with reality

Question 69

sociopath

Answer 69

person with antisocial personality disorder