Chapter 10 - Social Thinking

Question 1

Cognitive Neoassociation Model

Answer 1

Increases likelihood of reacting with anger when in pain.

Question 2

Attachment Types

Answer 2

Secure
Ambivalent
Avoidant
Disorganized

Question 3

Secure Attachment

Answer 3

A secure relationship with caregiver.
Preference for caregiver over others.

Question 4

Avoidant Attachment

Answer 4

No response from caregiver during distress.
No preference for caregiver/others.

Question 5

Ambivalent Attachment

Answer 5

Limited/disorganized response from the caregiver during distress.
Some preference for caregiver.

Question 6

Disorganized Attachment

Answer 6

No clear behavioral response.
Occurs with abuse.

Question 7

Social Support Types

Answer 7

Family, esteem, material, informational, and network.

Question 8

Mate Choice Mechanisms

Answer 8

Phenotypic Benefit
Sensory Bias
Fisherian/runaway Selection
Indicator Traits
Genetic Compatibility

Question 9

Game Theory

Answer 9

Studies decision-making in groups
- Altruism
- Cooperation
- Spite
- Selfishness

Question 10

Inclusive Fitness

Answer 10

Measure of an organism’s success in a population.
Commonly referenced: altruism.

Question 11

Social Perception/Cognition

Answer 11

Tool used to make judgments and impressions of others.

Question 12

Social Perception (3 parts)

Answer 12

-Observer
- Target
- Situation

Question 13

Impression Bias

Answer 13

Impressions dictate which information will later be preferentially ascribed.

Question 14

Primacy vs Recency Effect

Answer 14

Primacy - First impression is what makes more of an impression
Recency - Last impression is what makes more of an impression

Question 15

Implicit Personality Theory

Answer 15

Sets of assumptions made regarding how types of people, their traits, and their behaviors are related.

Question 16

Halo Effect

Answer 16

Judgment about a specific aspect of someone being translated to the overall impression.

Question 17

Just World Hypothesis

Answer 17

Good things happen to good people and vice-versa. Karma.

Question 18

Self Serving Bias

Answer 18

The belief that failures are a result of external control and success is a result of internal control.

Question 19

Self Enhancement vs Verification

Answer 19

Enhancement = self-validation
Verification = validation from others`

Question 20

Attribution Theory

Answer 20

How individuals infer causes of others behavior

Question 21

Dispositional vs Situation Causes

Answer 21

Dispositional: Internal (attitude, beliefs,etc)
Situational: External (situational, environmental, etc)

Question 22

Consistency Cues

Answer 22

Use similar behavior on a consistent basis =

Question 23

Consensus

Answer 23

Extent to which behaviors conform/do not conform to the behavior of others.

Question 24

Distinctiveness

Answer 24

Using similar behaviors in multiple different scenarios.

Question 25

Fundamental Attribution Error

Answer 25

Being biased to make dispositional attributions rather than situational ones.
Judgment on single action rather than environmental impact.

Question 26

Attribute Substitution

Answer 26

Analyzing a complex scenario but substituting a simpler solution or applying a heuristic.

Question 27

Cultural Attribution

Answer 27

Individualistic societies make more fundamental attribution errors.

Question 28

Stereotypes vs Prejudice vs Discrimination

Answer 28

Stereotypes: Cognitive
Prejudice: Affective
Discrimination: Behavioral

Question 29

Stereotypes

Answer 29

Expectations, impressions, and opinions about members of groups.

Question 30

Stereotype Types

Answer 30

Paternalistic: Low Competence, High Warmth
Admiration: High Competence, High Warmth
Contemptuous: Low Competence, Low Warmth
Envious: High Competence, Low Warmth.

Question 31

Stereotype Threat

Answer 31

Fear of confirming a stereotype.

Question 32

Prejudice

Answer 32

Irrational positive or negative attitude towards someone or something BEFORE contact.

Question 33

Ethnocentrism

Answer 33

Making judgment about other cultures based on the framework of ones own culture.

Question 34

Cultural Relativism

Answer 34

Cultures should be studied in their native environments.

Question 35

Discrimination

Answer 35

Differential treatments based on prejudice.