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Kaplan Behavioral Sciences > Chapter 7 - Psychological Disorders > Flashcards

Chapter 7 - Psychological Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Biomedical Approach to Psych Disorders

A

Narrow focus mostly on symptom reduction

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2
Q

Biophysical Approach to Psych Disorders

A

Broad focus on holistic health to treat psych disorders

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3
Q

Direct Therapy

A

Therapy focused on the individual

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4
Q

Indirect Therapy

A

Therapy focused on the surroundings of the individual (friends, family)

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5
Q

Psychotic Disorder (symptoms/types)

A

Symptoms: Delusions, hallucinations, disorder thoughts/behaviors, catatonia, and negative symptoms
Examples: Schizophrenia, schizotypal personality disorder, delusion disorder, brief psychotic episode.

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6
Q

Positive Psychotic Symptoms

A

Addition to normal behaviors
- Delusions
- Hallucinations
- Disorganized thoughts/behaviors

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7
Q

Negative Psychotic Symptoms

A

Decrease in normal behaviors affect and avolition
- Blunting (decreased emotion)
- Emotional flattening (no emotion)
- Inappropriate effect

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8
Q

Phases of Schizophrenia

A

Prodromal
Active
Residual Recovery

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9
Q

Depressive Disorders (symptoms/types)

A

Symptoms: Sadness + SIG E CAPS (Sadness, Sleep, Interest , Guilt, Engagement, Concentration, Appetite, Psychomotor symptoms, Suicidal thought)
Types: MDD, PDD,

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10
Q

MDD vs PDD Diagnosis criteria

A

MDD: 2+ weeks 5-9 symptoms
PDD: 2+ years 5-9 symptoms

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11
Q

Bipolar Disorders (symptoms/types)

A

Symptoms: Manic DIG FAST (Distractibility, irresponsibility, Grandiosity, Flight of thoughts, Activity/Agitation, Sleep, Talkative)
Types: BPI, BPII, Cyclothymic Disorder

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12
Q

Bipolar I vs Bipolar II

A

I: Manic episodes with or without catatonic episodes.
II: Catatonic episodes without manic episodes.

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13
Q

Cyclothymic Disorder

A

Brief Schizophrenia symptoms (less than 4 days, less than 5 symptoms)

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14
Q

Anxiety Disorders (symptoms/types)

A

Symptoms: Irrational and excessive fear
Types: Phobias, separation anxiety, social anxiety, panic disorder, agoraphobia, generalized anxiety disorder.

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15
Q

Obsessive Compulsive Disorders (symptoms, types)

A

Symptoms: response to stimuli/situations with specific actions
Types: OCD, body dysmorphia, hoarding, trichotillomania, excoriation

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16
Q

Trauma/Stressor Related Disorders (symptoms/types)

A

Symptoms: Cause by trauma/stressors
Types: PTSD, dissociative disorders, dissociative amnesia, dissociative identity disorder, depersonalization/derealization disorder.

17
Q

PTSD Criteria

A
  • Intrusion
  • Arousal
  • Avoidance
  • Negative cognitive symptoms
18
Q

Somatic Symptom Disorders (symptoms/types)

A

Symptoms: Anxiety caused by a somatic symptom
Types: Somatic symptom disorder, illness anxiety disorder, conversion disorder.

19
Q

Personality Disorders (symptoms/types)

A

Symptoms: Impaired cognition, emotion, interpersonal functioning, or impulse control
Types: Cluster A/B/C disorders

20
Q

Conversion Disorder

A

Symptoms affecting motor/sensory function inconsistent with neurophysical condition.

21
Q

Ego dystonic vs systonic

A

Dystonic: Individual perceives behavior as normal
Systonic: Individual perceives behavior as abnormal

22
Q

Cluster A Personality Disorders

A

Odd/eccentric
Paranoid, schizotypal, schizoid

23
Q

Cluster B Personality Disorders

A

Erratic/dramatic/emotional
Antisocial, borderline personality disorder, histrionic, narcissistic.

24
Q

Cluster C Personality Disorders

A

Anxious/fearful
Avoidant, depressive, obsessive compulsive

25
Q

Biological Basis of Schizophrenia

A

Genetics, hypoxia at birth, marijuana use in adolescence, possible brain structure differences.

26
Q

Biological Basis of Depressive and Bipolar Disorder

A

Depression: high glucose metabolism in the amygdala, hippocampal atrophy, increased cortisol, decreased norepinephrine, decreased serotonin, decreased dopamine)
Bipolar Disorder: Increased norepinephrine, increased serotonin, genetics, MS

27
Q

Biological Basis of Alzheimer’s

A
  • Presenilin mutation, apolipoprotein E, B amyloid tangles
  • Brain atrophy, flattened sulci in cerebral cortex, enlarge ventricles
  • Decreased blood flow to parietals
  • decreased acetylcholine
  • decreased choline acetyltransferase (acetylcholine production)
  • decreased metabolism in temporal and parietal lobes, B amyloid plaques, Tau tangles.
28
Q

Biological Basis of Parkinson’s

A
  • Bradykinesia, resting tremors, pill rolling tremor, masklike face, cogwheel rigidity, shuffling gait.
  • low dopamine in basal ganglia
  • treatment with L-DOPA
29
Q
A

Kaplan Behavioral Sciences (12 decks)

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