CHAPTER 11

Question 1

attaches muscle to bone, skin, or another muscle

Answer 1

tendon

Question 2

thin, flattened sheetlike tendon

Answer 2

aponeurosis

Question 3

True or false? most muscles cross at least one mobile joint

Answer 3

true

Question 4

For axial muscles, which attachment is more moveable? the superior one or the inferior one?

Answer 4

superior

Question 5

For appendicular muscles, which attachment is less moveable, the proximal or distal?

Answer 5

proximal

Question 6

pennate muscles

Answer 6

fascicles organized as if part of a large feather

Question 7

3 subtypes of pennate muscles

Answer 7

unipennate, bipennate, multipennate

Question 8

unipennate

Answer 8

fascicles on same side of tendon

Question 9

bipennate

Answer 9

fascicles on both sides of tendon

Question 10

multipennate

Answer 10

branches of tendon within muscle, and fascicles arranged around both sides of each tendon branch

Question 11

Which of the pennate muscle subtypes is most common?

Answer 11

bipennate

Question 12

muscles grouped by primary actions :

Answer 12

agonist, antagonist, synergist

Question 13

occipitofrontalis muscle

Answer 13

connects with epicranial aponeurosis ( galea aponeurotica) to form epicranius

Question 14

what muscle is responsible for raising of eyebrows?

Answer 14

frontal belly of occipitofrontalis

Question 15

muscle responsible for slight retraction of the scalp

Answer 15

occipital belly of occipitofrontalis muscle

Question 16

corrugator supercilii muscle

Answer 16

draws eyebrows together

Question 17

orbicularis oculi and what it does

Answer 17

circular muscle fibers surrounding orbit, closes eye

Question 18

levator palpebrae superioris

Answer 18

elevates upper eyelid

Question 19

nasalis

Answer 19

allows for flaring of nostrils

Question 20

procerus

Answer 20

wrinkles nose.

Question 21

What muscle of the nose is associated with the frontal belly of occipitofronatlis muscle?

Answer 21

procerus

Question 22

orbicularis oris

Answer 22

closes mouth, puckers lips

Question 23

depressor labii inferioris

Answer 23

pull slower lip inferiorly

Question 24

depressor anguli oris

Answer 24

pulls corners of the mouth inferiorly (frown)

Question 25

levator labii superioris

Answer 25

pulls upper lip superiorly

Question 26

levator anguli oris

Answer 26

pulls corners of mouth superiorly and laterally

Question 27

works as a synergist to the zygomaticus major and minor to produce smile

Answer 27

levator anguli oris

Question 28

risorius

Answer 28

pulls corner of the lips laterally

Question 29

mentalis

Answer 29

protrudes lower lip

Question 30

platysma

Answer 30

tenses neck and pulls lower lip inferiorly

Question 31

buccinator

Answer 31

compresses cheek

Question 32

How many extrinsic eye muscles?

Answer 32

6 (4 rectus, 2 oblique)

Question 33

True or false? the rectus eye muscles originate from a common tendinous ring.

Answer 33

true

Question 34

medial rectus function and nerve

Answer 34

CN 3 oculomotor , pulls eye medially

Question 35

lateral rectus function and nerve

Answer 35

cn 6 abducens, pulls eye laterally

Question 36

inferior rectus and nerve

Answer 36

cn 3 oculomotor , pulls eye inferiorly and medially

Question 37

superior rectus function and nerve

Answer 37

pulls eye superiorly and medially, cn 3 oculomotor

Question 38

inferior oblique and nerve

Answer 38

elevates and turns eye laterally. cn 3 oculomotor

Question 39

superior oblique and nerve

Answer 39

passes through pulleylike loop , trochlea. innervated by trochlear nerve cn 4

Question 40

Four paired muscles move the mandible at the temporomandibular joint. How is this group referred to?

Answer 40

muscles of mastication

Question 41

What nerves innervate the muscles of mastication?

Answer 41

all four are innervated by the trigeminal nerve, CN V

Question 42

broad, fan-shaped muscle which retracts the madible.

Answer 42

temporalis

Question 43

powerful and important muscle of mastication which protracts the mandible.

Answer 43

masseter

Question 44

Which muscle of mastication allows side-to-side movement of the mandible?

Answer 44

medial+lateral pterygoid

Question 45

True or false? the medial pterygoid provides both side-to-side movement and elevation.

Answer 45

true

Question 46

Which nerve innervates the extrinsic muscles of the tounge?

Answer 46

CN 12 hypoglossal

Question 47

genioglossus

Answer 47

protract tongue

Question 48

styloglossus

Answer 48

elevate and retract tonguehy

Question 49

hyoglossus

Answer 49

depress and retract tongue

Question 50

palatoglossus

Answer 50

elevate posterior part of tongue

Question 51

erector spinae

Answer 51

maintain upright posture

Question 52

3 groups of erector spinae muscles, lateral to medial.

Answer 52

iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

Question 53

What do the transversospoinalis muscles do? where are they?

Answer 53

connect and stabilize vertebrae, deep to erector spinae.

Question 54

Quadratus lumborum muscles

Answer 54

extend vertebral column when bilaterally contracted, laterally flex column when unilaterally contracted.

Question 55

serratus posterior superior

Answer 55

elevates ribs during forced inspiration. increases lateral dimensions of thorax

Question 56

serratus posterior inferior

Answer 56

depresses the ribs during forced expiration

Question 57

scalene muscles

Answer 57

help elevate first and second ribs during forced inspiration

Question 58

external intercostals

Answer 58

elevate ribs during inspiration, expanding cavity

Question 61

internal intercostals

Answer 61

depress ribs during forced expiration

Question 62

transversus thoracis

Answer 62

depresses ribs during forced expiration

Question 63

internally placed dome-shaped muscle that partitions thoracic and abdominal cavities

Answer 63

diaphragm

Question 64

the muscle fibers of the diaphragm converge towards a fibrous _______

Answer 64

central tendon

Question 65

Central tendon of diaphragm is pulled inferiorly, increasing the dimension of the ______

Answer 65

thoracic cavity

Question 66

fibrous sleeve enclosing abdominus rectus

Answer 66

rectus sheath

Question 67

fibrous strip connecting 2 sides of rectus sheath

Answer 67

linea alba

Question 68

a loop of the small intestine has protruded through the superifical inguinal ring. what is this?

Answer 68

hernia

Question 69

trapezius function and location, description

Answer 69

diamond-shaped muscle extending from skull and vertebral column to pectoral girdle. can elevate, depress, retract, or rotate scapula.

Question 70

prime abductor of the arm

Answer 70

deltoid

Question 71

Rotator cuff muscles

Answer 71

subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor

Question 72

subscapularis (rotator cuff)

Answer 72

medially rotates arm

Question 73

supraspinatus

Answer 73

abducts the arm

Question 74

infraspinatus and teres minor

Answer 74

adduct and laterally rotate arm