Chapter 11

Question 1

The exercise of power, leadership, influence and authority

Answer 1

Politics

Question 2

The ability to carry out your will, even over the resistance of others

Answer 2

Power

Question 3

Power that people consider legitimate, as rightly exercised over them; also called legitimate power

Answer 3

Authority

Question 4

Power that people do not accept as rightly exercised over them; also called illegitimate power

Answer 4

Coercion

Question 5

A political entity that claims monopoly on the use of violence in some particular territory, commonly known as a country

Answer 5

State

Question 6

Authority based on custom

Answer 6

Traditional authority

Question 7

Authority based on law or written rules and regulations; also called bureaucratic authority

Answer 7

Rational legal authority

Question 8

Authority based on an individual’s outstanding traits, which attract followers

Answer 8

Charismatic authority

Question 9

The transfer of authority from a charismatic figure to either a traditional or a rational legal form of authority

Answer 9

Routine action of charisma

Question 10

An independent city whose power radiates outward, bringing the adjacent area under its rule

Answer 10

City state

Question 11

A form of government headed by a king or queen

Answer 11

Monarchy

Question 12

A government whose authority comes from the people, the term, based on two Greek words, translates literally as power to the people.

Answer 12

Democracy

Question 13

A form of democracy in which the eligible voters meet together to discuss issues and make their decisions

Answer 13

Direct democracy

Question 14

A form of democracy in which voters elect representatives to meet together to discuss issues and make decisions on their behalf

Answer 14

Representative democracy

Question 15

The concept that birth in a country imparts basic rights

Answer 15

Citizenship

Question 16

The idea that everyone has the same basic rights by virtue of being born in a country

Answer 16

Universal citizenship

Question 17

A form of government in which an individual has seized power

Answer 17

Dictatorship

Question 18

A form of government in which a small group of individuals holds power; the rule of the many by the few.

Answer 18

Oligarchy

Question 19

A form of government that exerts almost total control over people.

Answer 19

Totalitarianism

Question 20

Indifference and inaction on the part of individuals or groups with respect to the political process

Answer 20

Voter apathy

Question 21

A group of people who support a particular issue and who can be mobilized for political action

Answer 21

Special interest group

Question 22

People who influence legislation on behalf of their clients

Answer 22

Lobbyists

Question 23

A condition of lawlessness or political disorder caused by the absence or collapse of governmental authority

Answer 23

Anarchy

Question 24

The diffusion of power among many interest groups that prevents any single groups from gaining control of the government

Answer 24

Pluralism

Question 25

The separation of powers among the three branches of US government legislative executive and judicial, so that each is able to nullify the actions of the other two those preventing any single branch from dominating the government.

Answer 25

Checks and balances

Question 26

Another term for the power elite

Answer 26

Ruling class

Question 27

An organization formed by one or more special interest groups to solicit and spend funds for the purpose of influencing legislation

Answer 27

Political action committee

Question 28

The use of violence or the threat of violence to produce fear in order to attain political objectives

Answer 28

Terrorism

Question 29

A system of producing and distributing goods and services

Answer 29

Economy

Question 30

A type of economy in which human groups live off the land and have little or no surplus

Answer 30

Subsistence economy

Question 31

Thorstein Veblen' term for a change from the thrift savings and investments of he Protestant ethic to showing off wealth through spending and the display of possessions

Answer 31

Conspicuous consumption

Question 32

An economic system built around the private ownership of the means of production, the pursuit of profit and market competition.

Answer 32

Capitalism

Question 33

Literally hands off capitalism meaning that the government doesn't interfere in the market.

Answer 33

Laissez-faire capitalism

Question 34

An economic system built around the public ownership of the. Means of production central planning and the distribution of goods without a profit motive.

Answer 34

Socialism

Question 35

The law of supply and demand

Answer 35

Market forces

Question 36

A hybrid economic system in which the individual ownership of businesses is mixed with the state ownership of businesses is mixed with the state ownership of industries thought essential to the public welfare, such as the postal service, natural resources, the medical delivery system, and mass transportation.

Answer 36

Democratic socialism

Question 37

The view that as capitalist and socialist economic systems each adopt features of the other a hybrid economic system will emerge.

Answer 37

Convergence theory