Chapter 11 - Reproductive system

Question 1

bulbo-urethral gland

Answer 1

Small yellow gland that secretes lubricating fluid into urethra

Question 2

cervix

Answer 2

between uterus and the vagina

Question 3

clitoris

Answer 3

erectile organ or the female

Question 4

when the corpus luteum degenerates it forms

Answer 4

mass of scar tissue called the corpus albicans

Question 5

corpus luteum

Answer 5

forms from the ruptures follicle when the egg is released form the ovary

Question 6

epididymis

Answer 6

tubule behind each testis where the sperm mature

Question 7

erectile tissue

Answer 7

spongey tissue in the penis that fills with blood to form an erection

Question 8

endometrium

Answer 8

soft mucus membrane that lines the uterus

Question 9

fimbriae

Answer 9

finger like projections of the fallopian tube, wafts the releases ova into the tube

Question 10

polar body - purpose

Answer 10

haploid cell produced in oogenesis, contains nucleus and a little amount of cytoplasm to ensure that the mature ovum receives majority of the cytoplasm giving it the best chance of survival

Question 11

follicle - when matures

Answer 11

fluid filled sac that contains an immature ova, as it matures it secretes hormones like estrogen that regulate the menstrual cycle

Question 12

FSH - follicle stimulating hormone

Answer 12

Hormone that stimulates development of the follicle in the ovary

Question 13

gametogenesis

Answer 13

formation and development of the gametes. oogenesis - ova. spermatogenesis - sperm

Question 14

gonadotropins

Answer 14

hormones that affect the sex organs

Question 15

hormone definition

Answer 15

chemical secreted by an endocrine gland that affects the functioning of a cell/organ

Question 16

HCG

Answer 16

Human chorionic gonadotropin. produced by the placenta during pregnancy, maintains the corpus luteum until placenta is developed enough to secrete estrogen and progesterone

Question 17

interstitual cells

Answer 17

located between the seminiferous tubules. they secrete testosterone.

Question 18

labia - 2 types

Answer 18

minora - inner
majora - outer
folds of skin lining the opening to the vagina and urethra

Question 19

lobule

Answer 19

compartment within the testis that contains seminiferous tubules

Question 20

LH

Answer 20

luteinising hormone, promotes final maturation of the ovarian cycle and the formation of the corpus luteum

Question 21

Menarche

Answer 21

first period, marks commencement of puberty

Question 22

menopause

Answer 22

end of menstruation, period will cease

Question 23

menstruation

Answer 23

periodic discharge of blood and tissue fluid due to the breakdown of the lining of the uterus

Question 24

menstrual cycle

Answer 24

regular series of changes that take place in the walls of the uterus of a non pregnant female

Question 25

Estrogen

Answer 25

Female sex hormone, developed/maintains female reproductive structures like the endometrium

Question 26

Oogenesis

Answer 26

formation and development of the ovum within the ovary

Question 27

ovarian cycle

Answer 27

regular series of events that take place within an ovary of a non pregnant female

Question 28

ovaries

Answer 28

female primary sex organs

Question 29

pituitary gland

Answer 29

pituitary gland located below the brain

Question 30

primary sex organs

Answer 30

organs that produce gametes. testes and ovaries

Question 31

progesterone

Answer 31

prepares uterine lining for a fertilised egg

Question 32

scrotum

Answer 32

pouch outside abdominal cavity which the testes are located

Question 33

secondary sex organs

Answer 33

organs that assist in the production and bringing gametes together for fertilisation (all the other organs in the female and male reproductive system that arent the gonads)

Question 34

gonads

Answer 34

primary sex organs, testes and ovaries

Question 35

secondary sexual characteristics

Answer 35

characteristics associated with an individuals sex, not involved in sexual reproduction

Question 36

seminal fluid

Answer 36

semen. liquid that nourishes and aids the transport of sperm.

Question 37

seminal vesicles

Answer 37

secretes fluid rich in glucose in the urethra, fuel source for the spermatozoa

Question 38

seminiferous tubules

Answer 38

tubules within the lobules of the testes, lined with spermatogonia. They are where sperm are produced

Question 39

spermatogenesis

Answer 39

formation and development of the spermatozoa

Question 40

spermatogonia

Answer 40

cells that produce male gametes

Question 41

spermatozoa

Answer 41

male gametes, called sperm

Question 42

Testes

Answer 42

Male gonads, produce sperm and the hormone testosterone

Question 43

testosterone

Answer 43

male sex hormone, secreted by the interstitial cells in the testes. development of male reproductive system and seconday characteristics and immature sperm into mature spermatozoa

Question 44

urethra

Answer 44

duct that carries urine from the bladder to exterior - in males it also carries semen

Question 45

fallopian tube

Answer 45

tube that carries ova from the ovary to the uterus

Question 46

uterus- what is it and role

Answer 46

hollow pear shaped organ in the female reproductive system that protects and nourishes the developing foetus during pregnancy

Question 47

vagina

Answer 47

canal that leads from the uterus to the exterior of the female body

Question 48

vas deferens

Answer 48

tube that carries the sperm away from the testis

Question 49

vulva

Answer 49

female external genitalia

Question 50

zygote

Answer 50

fertilised egg from which a new individual develops

Question 51

corpus albicans

Answer 51

scar tissue left in the ovary after the corpus luteum degenerates

Question 52

negative feedback

Answer 52

As one increases, the other decreases

Question 53

relate ovarian cycle to menstrual cycle

Answer 53

menstrual cycle prepared endometrium to receive and support a fertilised egg, which is released in ovulation in the ovarian cycle

Question 54

increased levels of estrogen and progesterone

Answer 54

thickening and vascalarisation of the endometrium

Question 55

decreased levels of estrogen and progesteron

Answer 55

breakdown of the endometrium, resulting in menstruation

Question 56

female secondary sexual characteristics

Answer 56

enlarging of the breasts, broadening of the hips, pubic hair

Question 57

male secondary sexual characteristics

Answer 57

public hair, facial fair, increase in the side of the larynx