Chapter 11 - Workbook

Question 1

slow heart rate; less that 60 beats per minute

Answer 1

bradycardia

Question 2

What is each heartbeat initiated by?

Answer 2

SA node or pacemaker

Question 3

outer layer of the heart; also called visceral pericardium; inner layer of pericardium

Answer 3

epicardium

Question 4

middle layer of the heart; cardiac muscle that contracts to pump blood

Answer 4

myocardium

Question 5

parasympathetic nerves release this neurotransmitter, which slows down the heart

Answer 5

acetylcholine

Question 6

What is the wall between the ventricles

Answer 6

interventricular septum

Question 7

The system of blood vessels that connect the heart and lungs

Answer 7

pulmonary circulation

Question 8

valve between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery

Answer 8

pulmonary semilunar

Question 9

Where to pulmonary veins return oxygen-rich blood to

Answer 9

left atrium

Question 10

volume of blood pumped by the left ventricle into the aorta in 1 minute

Answer 10

cardiac output

Question 11

What pumps oxygen-poor blood into the pulmonary circulation?

Answer 11

right ventricle

Question 12

in medulla of the brain; maintain control over parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves, which signal the SA node

Answer 12

cardiac centers

Question 13

What is the wall of the heart richly supplied in?

Answer 13

nerves, blood vessels, and lymph vessels

Question 14

What receives oxygen-poor blood returning from the tissues?

Answer 14

right atrium

Question 15

Muscular organ located in thorax between the lungs; pumps blood throughout the body

Answer 15

heart

Question 16

fast heart rate; more than 100 beats per minute

Answer 16

tachycardia

Question 17

Pumps oxygen-rich blood into the aorta

Answer 17

left ventricle

Question 18

The greatest bulk of the heart wall, which is the cardiac muscle that contracts to pump the blood

Answer 18

myocardium

Question 19

Largest artery of the systemic circulation

Answer 19

aorta

Question 20

volume of blood pumped by one ventricle during one beat

Answer 20

stroke volume

Question 21

connective tissue cords that hold AV valves in place; heart strings

Answer 21

chordae tendineae

Question 22

Returns oxygen-rich blood to the left atrium

Answer 22

pulmonary veins

Question 23

valves that guard the exits from the ventricles

Answer 23

semilunar

Question 24

Where does blood flown through after passing through the capillaries in the heart wall?

Answer 24

coronary veins

Question 25

What pumps blood into the great arteries leaving the heart?

Answer 25

ventricles

Question 26

What are the dense bands that cardiac muscle fibers join at their ends?

Answer 26

intercalated disks

Question 27

outer laying of pericardium; strong sac that helps to anchor heart within the thorax

Answer 27

parietal pericardium

Question 28

the more blood delivered to the heart by the veins, the more blood the heart pumps

Answer 28

starling's law

Question 29

Carries blood to the lungs

Answer 29

pulmonary arteries

Question 30

valves that guard the passageway between each atrium and ventricle; prevents blood backflow

Answer 30

antrioventricular (AV)

Question 31

flaps of fibrous tissues that project from the heart wall; part of the AV valve

Answer 31

cusps

Question 32

two-layer sac enclosing the heart

Answer 32

pericardium

Question 33

smooth lining of the endocardium consisting of endothelial cells

Answer 33

endothelium

Question 34

What is the small muscular pouch that increases the surface area of each atrium

Answer 34

auricle

Question 35

What is the tight junctions between the muscle cells that allow impulse to pass rapidly from cell to cell?

Answer 35

intercalated disks

Question 36

innermost layer of the heart; consists of smooth endothelial lining resting on connective tissue

Answer 36

endocardium

Question 37

left AV valve, which has two cusps; mitral valve

Answer 37

bicuspid

Question 38

Cardiac muscle fibers extend from fibers or ordinary cardiac muscle within the __________, and the impulse spreads through the ventricles

Answer 38

myocardium

Question 39

amount of blood delivered to the heart by the veins

Answer 39

venous return

Question 40

What receives blood returning from the heart from the veins?

Answer 40

atria

Question 41

The heart can bear independently of its nerve supply because it has its own specialized ___________

Answer 41

conduction system

Question 42

What is the wall between the atria

Answer 42

interatrial

Question 43

sympathetic nerves release this, which speeds heart rate and increases strength of contractions

Answer 43

norepinephrine

Question 44

The systemic circulation, or blood delivery system of the body begins with the ________

Answer 44

aorta

Question 45

How many liters of blood can the heart pump per minute?

Answer 45

5-35 liters depending on the body's need

Question 46

space between two layers of pericardium

Answer 46

pericardial cavity

Question 47

The atria acts as ___________ between contractions of the heart

Answer 47

reservoirs

Question 48

valve between the left ventricle and aorta

Answer 48

aortic semilunar

Question 49

The layers of the heart from the inside out

Answer 49

endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium

Question 50

The heart is a double pump separated into left and right sides by a wall called________

Answer 50

septum

Question 51

Two layers of the pericardium

Answer 51

epicardium and parietal pericardium

Question 52

number of ventricular contractions per minute

Answer 52

heart rate

Question 53

empties into the right atrium

Answer 53

coronary sinus

Question 54

AV valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle, which has three cusps

Answer 54

tricuspid

Question 55

includes sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, and atrioventricular bundle

Answer 55

conduction system

Question 56

Small mass of specialized muscle in the posterior wall of the right atrium

Answer 56

pacemaker or SA node