Chapter 12 Flashcards
(73 cards)
1
Q
alges/o
A
sense of pain
2
Q
astr/o
A
star
3
Q
centr/o
A
center
4
Q
clon/o
A
rapid contracting and relaxing
5
Q
concuss/o
A
shake violently
6
Q
encephal/o
A
brain
7
Q
esthesi/o
A
sensation, feeling
8
Q
gli/o
A
glue
9
Q
medull/o
A
medulla oblongata
10
Q
ment/o
A
mind
11
Q
myel/o
A
spinal cord
12
Q
neur/o
A
nerve
13
Q
peripher/o
A
away from center
14
Q
poli/o
A
gray matter
15
Q
pont/o
A
pons
16
Q
radicul/o
A
nerve root
17
Q
thec/o
A
sheath (meninges)
18
Q
tom/o
A
to cut
19
Q
ton/o
A
tone
20
Q
-paresis
A
weakness
21
Q
-phasia
A
speech
22
Q
-taxia
A
muscle contraction/ coordination
23
Q
Nervous system is responsible for:
A
coordinating all activity of the body.
-Receives info from internal and external sensory receptors
24
Q
Central nervous systems consists of:
A
- Brain and spinal cord
- receives impulses from all body, processes and responds with an action
-white (myelinated) and gray ( unsheathed) matter
-encased by meninges2
25
CNS function:
sensory info comes into central nervous system, it's processed then motor messages exit NS carrying commands to muscles and glands
26
Sensory information route:
sensory info comes to CNS, where is processed into motor messages then exits CNS carrying commands to muscles and glands
27
Sensory (afferent) nerves carry info to:
CNS
28
Motor (efferent) nerves carry info to:
away from CNS
(ALL nervous systm is composed of nervous system)
29
Brain:
- coordinates most body activities
Thought, memory, judgment and emotion.
30
Cerebrum:
(large area)
- processes thoughts, judgement, memory, language and problem solving
31
gyri
Portions of cerebrum, they are separated by fissures/valleys called SULCI
32
cerebral cortex
outer layer of cerebrum, composed of folds of gray matter
33
Frontal lobe:
motor function, personality
34
parietal lobe
-Interprets language
35
occipital lobe
controls vision
36
temporal lobe
hearing and smell
37
Thalamus
(Inside diencephalon)
- is composed of gray matter, controls pain perception
38
Hypothalamus
(inside diencephalon)
- controls body temp, appetite, sleep, sexual desire, and emotions
-controlls Autonomic NS, cardiovascular, digestive system, and release of hormones
39
Cerebellum
coordinates voluntary body movement, balance and equilibrium
40
Brain stem
(midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata)
- pathway for impulses to be conducted between brain and spinal cord (bridge)
41
Ventricles in brain (4)
contain cerebrospinal fluid,that provides protections from shock
42
Spinal cord
pathway for impulses traveling to and from brain.
-protected by cerebrospinal fluid
43
Meninges: Dura mater
forms tough, fibrous sac around central nervous system
44
Meninges: Subdural space
space between dura mater and arachnoid layers
Middle
45
Meninges: Arachnoid layer
thin, delicate layer attached to pia mater by web-like filaments
46
Meninges: pia mater
"soft mater" innermost membrane layer, applied directly to surface of brain and spinal cord
47
Neurons are:
individual nerve cells; capable of conducting electrical impulses in response to stimulus
-parts: dendrites, nerve cell body and axon
48
dendrites:
(part of neuron)
- highly branched projections that receive impulses
49
Nerve cell body:
(part of neuron)
- contains nucleus and organelles of cell
50
Axon
(part of neuron)
- only one, projection from nerve cell body that conducts electrical impulse toward destination
51
Synapse
point where axon meets dendrite of next neuron
- electric impulses cannot pass bc a gap (synaptic cleft) needs chemical messenger= neurotransmitter
52
Neuroglial cells
(in nervous tissue)
- some produce myelin: fat that acts as insulation.
They do not conducts electrical impulses
53
PNS: peripheral nervous system consists of:
- 12 cranial nerves
- 31 spinal nerves
-Most nerves carry info to and from CNS
54
Ganglion
nerve cell bodies of neurons form knot like mass of nerves in CNS
55
PNS nerves subdivisions:
- Autonomic
- Somatic
Each serve a different area of the body
56
Autonomic nervous system
-Controls involuntary body functions
56
ANS: sympathetic branch
fight of flight reaction
57
ANS: parasympathetic branch
rest and digest
58
Somatic nerves:
-serve skin and skeletal muscles
-conscious and voluntary activities of body
- Large variety of sensor receptors found in dermis: touch temp, pressure, pain, info sent to brain
59
intra-
within
60
absence seizure
epileptic seizure that lasts few sec; loss of awareness and activity
61
Convulsion
severe involuntary muscle contractions
61
delirium
mental state of confusion, disorientation and agitation
62
dys-
difficult, abnormal
63
para
abnormal
63
syncope
fainting
63
palsy
temporary or permanent loss of ability to control movement
63
tremor
repetitive alternating movement of a part of the body
63
plegia
paralysis
63
poli/o
gray matter
63
isch/o
to hold back
63
bell's palsy
one side facial paralysis, inflamation of facial nerve
63
concussion
injury to the brain from brain being shaken inside skull from blow or impact
