Chapter 4 Flashcards
(96 cards)
1
Q
Ankyl/o
A
stiff joint
2
Q
arthr/o
A
joint
3
Q
articul/o
A
joint
4
Q
burs/o
A
sac
5
Q
carp/o
A
wrist
6
Q
cervic/o
A
neck
7
Q
chondr/o
A
cartilage
8
Q
cortic/o
A
outer portion
9
Q
cost/o
A
rib
10
Q
kyph/o
A
hump
11
Q
lamin/o
A
lamina, part of vertebra
12
Q
lord/o
A
bent backward
13
Q
lumb/o
A
lower back
14
Q
medull/o
A
inner portion
15
Q
myel/o
A
bone marrow, spinal cord
16
Q
orth/o
A
straigh
17
Q
pector/o
A
chest
18
Q
ped/o
A
child, foot
19
Q
pod/o
A
foot
20
Q
prosthet/o
A
addition
21
Q
radi/o
A
radius, ray (x)
22
Q
sacr/o
A
sacrum
23
Q
sarc/o
A
flesh
24
Q
scoli/o
A
crooked, bent
25
spondyl/o
vertebrae
26
tars/o
ankle
27
-blast
immature, embryonic
28
-clasia
to surgically break
29
-desis
stabilize fuse
30
-listhesis
slipping
31
-logic
pertaining to study of
32
duct/o
to bring
33
extens/o
to stretch out
34
fasci/o
fibrous band
35
fibr/o
fibers
36
flex/o
to bend
37
kinesi/o
movement
38
my/o
muscle
39
myos/o
muscle
40
plant/o
sole of foot
41
rotat/o
to revolve
42
ten/o
tendin/o
tendon
43
vers/o
to turn
44
-asthenia
weakness
45
-ion
action, condition
46
-kinesia
movement
47
-tonia
tone
48
-trophic
pertaining to development
49
ab-
away from
50
ad-
toward
51
circum-
around
52
e-
outward. without
53
in-
inward, without
54
Bones (osseous tissue)
- Carry own blood supply, nerves and lymphatic vessels.
- Form skeleton
- Protects organs
- bone marrow site for cell production
55
Ossification
gradual Process of forming bone from birth. Cartilage gradually replaced by osteoblasts (immature bone cells that mature into osteocytes)
56
Bone categories:
- Long: longer ex, femur
-Short: carpals
- Irregular: (shape) vertebrae
- Flat: plate shaped ex. sternum
57
Joints:
(articulation)
- Formed when 2 or more bones meet
58
Types of joints:
-Synovial: freely moving ex. knee
- Fibrous: almost no movement ex. skull sutures
- Cartilaginous: slight movement but hold bones in place ex. pubic symphysis
59
Muscles:
- Bundles of parallel muscle are Tissue fibers.
-Hold body erect and generate heat
- Name reflects location, insertion size, action
ex. gluteus maximus
ex. external oblique (abs muscle run at oblique angle)
60
Axial skeleton:
Head, neck, spine, chest and trunk body
61
Appendicular skeleton:
pectoral girdle, upper extremities, lower extremities
62
Long bone description:
- Diaphysis= shaft
- End = epiphysis
- connective tissue= periosteum
- Exterior: compact bone
-Interior: spongy bone
- Yellow bone marrow is mainly fat
63
Parts of Synnovial joint
-Joint capsule is lined with syno membrane, secrete syno fluid
- some contain bursa:Sac-like structure composed of connective tissue (elbows)
REDUCE FRICTION
64
Orthotics
Profession specialized in making orthopedic appliances ex. braces, splints
65
Podiatry
specializes in diagnosis and treatment for feet and lower leg disorder
66
Callus
mass of bone tissue that forms at a fracture site when healing
67
Chondromalacia
softening of cartilage
68
crepitation
noise produced by bones/cartilage rubbing together
69
Closed fracture:
(simple)
Fracture, no open skin wound
70
Colle's fracture
common type of wrist fracture
71
Compound fracture
(open)
Skin has been broken through the fracture
72
Compression fracture
Fracture involves loss of height of a vertebral body
(osteoporosis)
73
Greenstick fracture"
Incomplete break, only one side is broken
74
Impacted fracture
Fracture where bone fragments are pushed into each other
75
Pathologic fracture
fracture caused by disease or weakened bone
76
spiral fracture
The fracture line spirals around the shaft of the bone ( twisting)
77
Stress fracture
slight fracture caused by repetitive low impact forces ex. running
78
Transverse fracture:
Complete fracture straight across the bone
79
Chondroma
tumor that forms in cartilage
80
Ewing's sarcoma
Malignant growth in shaft of long bone.
81
exostosis
bone spur
82
myeloma
bone marrow tumor
83
osteogenic sarcoma
common type of bone cancer, osteocytes found at ends of long bones
84
Paget's disease
common metabolic disease of the bone
85
rickets
Deficiency in calcium and vitamin D resulting in bone deformities ex bowed leg
86
ankylosing spondylitis
inflammatory spinal condition
87
spondylolisthesis
The forward sliding of a lumbar
vertebra over the vertebra below it.
88
whiplash
cervical muscle and ligament sprain (sudden movement)
89
Bunion
inflammation of bursa
90
subluxation
incomplete dislocation
91
adhesion
scar tissue forming in the fascia
92
atonia
lack of muscle tone
93
Contracture
Abnormal shortening of muscle fibers
94
dyskinesia
difficult or painful movement
95
Myorrhexis
tearing a muscle
96
Torticollis
severe neck spasms pulling the head to one side
