Chapter 12 Flashcards
(24 cards)
what are the major STIs
chlamydia
gonorrhea
syphilis
human papillomavirus
genital herpes
HIV/AIDS
hepatitis A, B, C
what are the symptoms of chlamydia
typically, people do not experience symptoms
women may experience vaginal discharge, painful urination, pain or bleeding during intercourse
women risk pelvic inflammatory disease and males epididymitis
what is the diagnosis and treatment of chlamydia
lab tests exposed to the bacteria
treatment=antibiotics (doxycycline or azithromycin)
risk of reinfection is high after three months
what are the symptoms of gonorrhea
males -urethritis- burning urination 2-7 days after exposure
females- asymptomatic or may have vaginal discharge, pain and bleeding during intercourse (40% of untreated women develop PID)
what is the diagnosis and treatment of gonorrhea
detected by lab tests
antibiotics are used to treat gonorrhea
drug resistance is a concern
can be reinfected if exposed to an infected partner
what are the symptoms of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
pain, fever, chills, nausea
symptoms can begin or worsen with the onset of menses
abnormal vaginal bleeding
what is the diagnosis and treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
diagnosis based on symptoms, physical exam, ultrasound, and lab tests
laparoscopy ca be used to confirm
treatment is antibiotics starting right away
females partner needs to be treated
what are the symptoms of syphilis
primary syphilis- chancre appears 10-90 days after exposure
seconday syphilis-skin rash 3-6 weeks after chancre
can include hands and feet
rash is highly contagious
patchy hair loss, weight loss, flu-like symptoms
tertiary syphilis may appear 10-20 years later and may damage organs or become neurosyphilis (invades the nervous system at any time of the infection)
what is the diagnosis and treatment of syphilis
exam of infected tissue and blood test
all stages can be treated with antibiotics, but damage from neurosyphilis can be permanent
what are the symptoms of human papillomavirus (HPV)
can cause genital warts and genital cancers (causes all forms of cervical cancer)
most have no symptoms-immune system may clear it on its own
untreated warts can grow into cauliflower-like mass
incubation may be one month to two years after infection
what is are the diagnosis and treatment of HPV
diagnosied in appearance of lesions
HPV detected on routine Pap test
special tests are avaliable to detect presence of cancer causing HPV infection
warts may be removed by cryosurgery
can treated surgically, electrical incision, freezing or laser
what are symptoms of genital herpes
90% of people infected dont have symptoms
those that do see lesions in 2-20 days (first episode can cause flu like symptoms)
itchy and painful at location of lesions
pain during urination
can be caused by stress, illness, fatigue, sexual intercourse
what is the diagnosis and treatment of genital herpes
sample of lesion fluid sent to lab for test/exam
there is no cure
always inform sexual partner
what groups of populations are of special concern for HIV and Aids infection
sexually active people
people who inject drugs
men having sex with other men
young men are at risk
use of drugs and alcohol are storngly associated
methamphetamines and club drugs
recreational use of erectile dysfunction drugs
what are the symptoms of HIV and Aids
fever
headache
fatigue
rashes
swollen lymph nodes
night sweats
sore throat
nausea
ulcers in the mouth
how is HIV and Aids diagnosed and treated
through blood test
no know cure
antiretroviral therapy can extent life
what are some things to do to prevent an HIV infection and Aids
correct and consistent use of condoms
pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)
abstinence
protect yourself
careful choices about sexual activity (not sharing bodily fluids)
not sharing needles
what is hepatitis
inflammation of the liver
what are the types of hepatitis
hepatitis A, B, C
what are the symptoms of hepatitis
most people wont have symptoms
normal incubation period if 30-180 days
fever, body aches, chills, loss of appetite
nausea, vomit, dark-coloured urine, abdominal pain, jaundice
chronic hepatitis can cause cirrhosis, liver failure, and liver cancer
what is the diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis
through blood test to determine liver function
no cure
antiviral drugs and immune system modulators
vaccine is 95% effective
what is bacterial vaginosis
common cause of abnormal vaginal discharge
healthy bacteria of the vaginal canal replaced by unhealthy bacteria
may be associated with sexual activity
what is pubic lice
commonly called crabs
parasitic infestation treated with topical medications
sometime require special treatment
what is scabies
like lice but they burrow into tissue between the fingers
often found in infested gloves
