chapter 12 lesson 3 muscle imbalance and postural awareness

Question 1

overhead squat assessment (OHSA)

Answer 1

A movement assessment designed to assess dynamic posture, core stability, and neuromuscular control of the whole body during a squatting motion.

Question 2

what causes pes planus

Answer 2

collapsed arch, internally rotated hips, underactive glute and shin bone muscles. with overactive calves, thighs, and hip flexors.

Question 3

what causes lower crossed syndrome

Answer 3

overactive hip flexors, lumbar extensors and underactive glute max and medius, hamstring complex and abdominals.

Question 4

what causes upper crossed syndrome.

Answer 4

overactive: pectoralis major and minor., scapula and sternocleidomastoid neck muscles and upper trapezius.

underactive: middle and lower trapezius, rhomboids.
deep cervical flexors deep within the neck

Question 5

what causes the fee to turn out during a squat

Answer 5

overactive: gastrocnemius/ soleus (calves). hamstring complex.

underactive: anterior and posterior tibialis (shin muscles). gluteus maximus and medius.

Question 6

what causes the knees to cave in during a squat

Answer 6

overactive: Tensor fascia latae (muscle near front of hip). adductor complex (inner thigh muscles)

underactive: gluteus maximus and medius.
anterior and posterior tibialis.

Question 7

what cuases the low back to arch during a static posture

Answer 7

overactive: hip glexors, lumbar extensors and latissimus dorsi.

underactive: gluteus maximus, hamstrings complex and abdominals.

Question 8

what causes excessive forward trunk lean in static posture

Answer 8

overactive hip flexors, gastrocnemius/soleus , rectus abdominis and external obliques

underactive gluteus maximus, hamstrings complex and lumbar extensors.

Question 9

what causes excessive forward trunk lean

Answer 9

Overactive hip flexors, gastrocnemius/ soleus, rectus abdominis and external obliques.

underactive: GLuteus maximus, Hamstrings complex and lumbar extensors,

Question 10

what causes the arms to fall forward in static posture

Answer 10

over active latissimus dorsi, pectoralis major and minor, teres major.

underactive: middle lower trapezius. rhomboids, posterior deltoids, and portions of the rotator cuff.

Question 11

what causes the knee valgus during a squat

Answer 11

overactive: tensor fascia latae, adductor complex.

underactive: fluteus maximus and medius, anterior and posterior tibialis.

Question 12

what causes the lower back to arch in static posture

Answer 12

overactive: hip flexors, lumbar extensors.

underactive: gluteus maximus, hamstrings complex, abdominals

Question 13

what causes scapular elevation

Answer 13

overactive: levator scapulae, upper trapezius.

underactive lower: trapezius

Question 14

head juts forward

Answer 14

over active: levator scapulae and sternocleidomastoid.

underactive:deep cervical dexors

Question 15

low aback arches

Answer 15

overactive: hip flexors, lumbar extensors.

underactive: gluteus maximus, hamstrings complex, abdominals.