Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Nutrition > Chapter 13 > Flashcards

Chapter 13 Flashcards

1
Q

What are some of the B-vitamins that play a role in energy metabolism?

A

niacin, riboflavin, biotin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Vitamins and minerals have kcal?

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which vitamin does transamination and deamination require?

A

vitamin B6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is an apoenzyme?

A

inactive enzyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a cofactor/coenzyme?

A

enable specific enzymes to function (vitamins & minerals)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a holoenzyme?

A

active enzyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is one nutrient involved in decarboxylation reactions?

A

thiamin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are two nutrients involved in one-carbon unit transfers?

A

folic acid & B12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

TPP

A

Thiamin pyrophosphate
B1 coenzyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

FAD

A

Flavin adenine dinucleotide
B2 coenzyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

FMN

A

Flavin mononucleotide
B2 coenzyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

NAD

A

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
B3 coenzyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

NADP

A

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
B3 coenzyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pantothenic Acid is part of Coenzyme?

A

A (coA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

PLP

A

pyridoxal phosphate
B6 coenzyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Thiamin (B1)

A

-can impact CNS
-needed to metabolize CHO and branched chain amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Sources of Thiamin?

A

seeds, legumes, whole and enriched grains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which animal product is a good source of Thiamin?

A

pork products

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the 3 BCAAs?

A

valine, leucine, isoleucine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is beriberi?

A

thiamin deficiency disease that is often associated with diets consisting of mainly milled white rice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Wet beriberi

A

affects: cardiovascular system
symptoms: lack of energy, muscle pain, edema (poor circulation), poor memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Dry beriberi

A

affects: nervous system
symptoms: degeneration of the nerves, atrophy of muscle, loss of reflexes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Why is WKS connected to alcohol abuse?

A

alcohol can intervene with a digestion/absorption of thiamin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Riboflavin (B2) functions:

A

-energy production
-B vitamin metabolism
-formation of other antioxidants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What are some food sources of riboflavin?

A

dairy products, liver, plant-based foods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Why are milk containers often solid or opaque?

A

riboflavin breaks down when exposed to light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Ariboflavinosis

A

affects mouth

28
Q

Glossitis

A

inflamed and sore tongue

29
Q

Angular Cheilitis

A

red, swollen patches in the corners of your mouth

30
Q

Stomatitis

A

inflamed and sore mouth

31
Q

Alcoholism and nutrition

A

increases GI inflammation and consuming less nutrients

32
Q

IBS, IBD, Gluten intolerance and nutrition

A

increase deficiency probability

33
Q

Niacin (B3) function?

A

-energy production
-breakdown of CHO, PRO, FAT

34
Q

What are some sources of niacin?

A

meat and enriched grains

35
Q

Niacin can be made from the amino acid?

A

Tryptophan

36
Q

60mg of dietary Tryptophan yields

A

1 mg of niacin

37
Q

Bioavailability of niacin low in?

A

corn

38
Q

What improves bioavailability of niacin?

A

soaking food in solution of lime water

39
Q

What is the only dietary deficiency disease to ever reach epidemic levels in the U.S.?

A

Pellagra

40
Q

What are the 4 Ds of Pellagra?

A

-Diarrhea
-Dermatitis (photosensitive)
-Dementia
-Death

41
Q

Sometime people are given pharmacological doses of nicotinic acid because?

A

increases HDL-cholesterol and lower triglyceride levels in the blood

42
Q

What is Casal’s necklace?

A

photosensitive area: neck (scaly)

43
Q

Pantothenic Acid (B5)

A

Forms: Acetyl-CoA (links metabolism of all macros)
-Lost during processing

44
Q

Biotin (B7)

A

-produced by good gut bacteria

45
Q

Who can develop a deficiency of biotin?

A

people who consume raw eggs because avidin binds to biotin

46
Q

Chromium enhances the action of which hormone?

A

insulin

47
Q

Sources of Chromium?

A

protein foods, whole grains, vegetables, dark chocolate

48
Q

What is the PLP coenzyme needed for?

A

protein metabolism and synthesis of neurotransmitters

49
Q

What is homocysteine?

A

amino acid that in high levels increases CVD risk

50
Q

What regulates homocysteine levels?

A

B6, Folate, B12

51
Q

B6 if found in what foods?

A

protein foods

52
Q

Folate

A

natural form

53
Q

Folic Acid

A

synthetic form

54
Q

Functions of Folate

A

-DNA synthesis and repair
-needed to make new cells
-homocysteine metabolism

55
Q

Sources of folate?

A

foliage (green leafy veggies), legumes, fortified products

56
Q

Folate deficiency can lead to?

A

-birth defects such as spina bifida
-megaloblastic anemia

57
Q

Women capable of becoming pregnant are advised to consume how much synthetic folate?

A

400-600ug

58
Q

Cobalamin/Cyanocobalamin (B12) functions?

A

-AA & FA metabolism
-convert homocysteine into methionine
-maintain healthy nerves

59
Q

Vitamin B12 is only naturally found in which kind of foods?

A

animal origin

60
Q

Vitamin B12 absorption requires?

A

produced by stomach-> intrinsic factor

61
Q

Symptoms of B12 deficiency?

A

visual disturbances, memory loss, numbness

62
Q

What can mask a B12 deficiency?

A

folate supplementation

63
Q

What foods contain iodine?

A

saltwater seafood, seaweed, iodized salt, and dairy products

64
Q

What does iodine do?

A

synthesis of thyroid hormones

65
Q

What do thyroid hormones do?

A

-impact metabolism rate
-development of brain and nervous system

Nutrition (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions