Chapter 13 and 14 Flashcards
(18 cards)
57) Glass ceiling
an invisible barrier that keeps women from advancing into high-level positions in organizations.
58) Glass escalator
– a systematic set of hidden advantages for men in female-dominated occupations.
59) Equal pay for equal work
the principle that women and men should be paid the same salaries when they perform the same jobs.
60) Comparable worth
the principle that persons should earn equal pay for work of equal value, even when their jobs are not identical.
61) Lack of fit
theory that women are not expected to succeed in executive positions because they do not have the stereotypically masculine qualities needed for such positions.
62) Self-fulfilling prophecy
a process in which the presence of a stereotype may actually motivate the stereotyped person to behave in a manner consistent with the stereotype.
63) Denial of personal discrimination
the tendency for women to underrate the amount of sex discrimination visited on them personally, even when they are quite aware that women in general experience sex discrimination.
64) Token positions
the role of individuals who are treated as symbols or representatives of their sex, race, or other underrepresented group.
65) Quid pro quo
a form of sexual harassment in which an individual is pressured to submit to unwelcome sexual advances or other unwelcome sexual conduct as a condition of employment or in which employment decisions that affect the individual, such as promotion or raises, are based on her or his submission to or rejection of such conduct.
66) Hostile environment
– a form of sexual harassment that involves making unwelcome sexual advances or engaging in other conduct of a sexual nature that unreasonably interferes with an individual’s work performance or creates an intimidating, hostile, or offensive atmosphere.
67) Hostile sexism
a type of sexism that includes dominance-oriented paternalism, derogatory beliefs about women, and heterosexual hostility as measured by the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory.
68) Benevolent sexism
– a type of sexism that includes protective paternalism, idealization of women, and desire for intimate relations, measured by the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory.
1) Affirmative action
a set of strategies to increase the proportion of women and minorities hired by organizations or admitted to universities, particularly in fields from which they have traditionally been excluded.
2) Denial of personal discrimination
– the tendency for women to underrate the amount of sex discrimination visited on them personally, even when they are quite aware that women in general experience sex discrimination.
3) Personal relative deprivation
a sense of dissatisfaction stemming from a comparison whith others who are being more highly rewarded.
4) Collective relative deprivation
a feeling of dissatisfaction due to perceived inequalities between one’s own and a more advantaged group.
5) Rights orientation
a perspective that stresses an attention to principles and questions what choices are legitimate in particular situations.
6) Care orientation
a stress on the necessity to be responsible in one’s relationships, to be sensitive to the needs of others, and to avoid giving hurt.
