Chapter 13: Special Senses (Eyes and Ears)

Question 1

cataract

Answer 1

a clouding of the eye’s lens that can cause blurry or hazy vision

Question 2

cornea transplantation

Answer 2

procedure in which a damaged cornea is replaced by the cornea from the eye of a human cadaver

Question 3

Glaucoma

Answer 3

eye disease in which increased eyeball pressure causes gradual loss of sight

Question 4

Ocular

Answer 4

Pertaining to the eye or the sense of light

Question 5

Radial keratotomy

Answer 5

surgery to correct myopia, near sidedness, by changing the shape of the cornea

Question 6

sleep apnea

Answer 6

Condition in which breathing stops for more than 10 seconds during sleep

Question 7

Achromatopsia

Answer 7

Congenital deficiency in color perception that is more common in men

Question 8

astigmatism

Answer 8

refractive disorder in which excessive curvature of the cornea or lens causes light to be scattered over the retina rather than focused on a single point, resulting in a disordered image

Question 9

cataract

Answer 9

Degenerative disease that is mainly caused by the aging process in which the lens of the eye becomes progressively cloudy, causing decreased vision, and that is treated with cataract surgery

Question 10

conjunctivitis

Answer 10

Inflammation of the conjunctiva that can be caused by bacteria, allergy irritation, or a foreign body - or pinkeye

Question 11

Diabetic retinopathy

Answer 11

retinal damage in patients with diabetes marked by aneurysmal dilation and bleeding of blood vessels or the formation of new blood vessels, causing visual changes

Question 12

Hordeum

Answer 12

small prurient inflammatory infection of a sebaceous gland of the eyelid - or a sty

Question 13

Macular degeneration

Answer 13

Deterioration of the macular, resulting in loss of central vision, most common cause of visual impairment in person is older than 50

Question 14

photophobia

Answer 14

unusual intolerance and sensitivity to light that occurs in some disorders, such as meningitis, eye inflammation, measles, and rubella

Question 15

retinal detachment

Answer 15

separation of the retina from the choroid which disrupts vision and results in blindness, if not repaired

Question 16

strabismus

Answer 16

Muscular eye disorder in which the eye turned from the normal position so that they deviate in different directions

Question 17

Esotropia

Answer 17

strabismus in which there is deviation of the visual axis of one eye toward that of the other eye, resulting in diplopia

Question 18

Exotropia

Answer 18

strabismus in which there is a deviation of the visual axis of one eye away from that of the other, resulting in diplopia

Question 19

Hearing loss

Answer 19

Loss of sense or perception of sound

Question 20

Anacusis

Answer 20

total deafness

Question 21

conductive

Answer 21

Results from any condition that prevents sound waves from being transmitted to the auditory receptors

Question 22

Presby kisses

Answer 22

Hearing loss that gradually occurs in most individuals as they grow older

Question 23

sensorineural

Answer 23

inability of nurse stimuli to be delivered to the brain from the inner ear as a result of damage to the auditory nerve or cochlea

Question 24

meniere disease

Answer 24

rare disorder, characterized by progressive, deafness, vertigo, and tinnitus, possibly secondary to swelling of membrane structures within the labyrinth

Question 25

otitis media (OM)

Answer 25

Inflammation of the middle ear, which is commonly the result of an upper respiratory infection and may be treated with tympanovstomy tube insertion

Question 26

Osteosclerosis

Answer 26

Progressive deafness secondary to ossification in the bony labyrinth of the inner ear

Question 27

tinnitus

Answer 27

ringing or tingling noise heard constantly or intermittently in one or both ears even, in quiet environment, that usually results from damage to inner ear structures associated with hearing

Question 28

vertigo

Answer 28

sensation of moving around in a space or feeling of spinning or dizziness that usually results from inner ear structure damage associated with balance and equilibrium

Question 29

Tonometry

Answer 29

Test to measure the pressure inside the eyes used to screen glaucoma

Question 30

Visual acuity test

Answer 30

Standard eye examination to determine the smallest letters a person can read a Snellen chart or an E chart at a distance of 20 feet

Question 31

Audiometry

Answer 31

Test that measures hearing acuity at various sound frequencies

Question 32

Otoscopy

Answer 32

Visual examination of the external auditory canal and the tympanic membrane by using an otoscope

Question 33

Tuning fork test

Answer 33

Hearing tests that use a tuning fork that is struck, and then placed against or near the bones on the side of the head to assess nerve and bone conduction of sound

Question 34

Rennie

Answer 34

Evaluate bone conduction of sound in one ear at a time

Question 35

Webber

Answer 35

evaluates bone conduction of sound in both ears at the same time

Question 36

cataract surgery

Answer 36

Excision of a lens affected by a cataract

Question 37

Phacoemulsification

Answer 37

Excision of the lens by ultrasonic vibrations that break the lens into tiny part particles, which are suctioned out of the eye

Question 38

Iridectomy

Answer 38

excision of a portion of the iris used to relieve intraocular pressure in patient with glaucoma

Question 39

Laser iridotomy

Answer 39

laser surgery that creates an opening on the rim of the iris to allow aqueous humor to flow between the interior and posterior chambers to relieve intraocular pressure that occurs as a result of glaucoma, is replacing ectomy because it is a safer procedure

Question 40

laser photocoagulation

Answer 40

use of a laserbeam to seal leaking or hemorrhaging retinol blood vessels to treat diabetic retinopathy

Question 41

Cochlear implant

Answer 41

electronic transmitter surgically implanted into the cochlea of a death person to restore hearing

Question 42

ear irrigation

Answer 42

process of flushing, the external air canal with sterile water or sterile Celine solution to treat blockages of a foreign body or cerumen impaction

Question 43

myringoplasty

Answer 43

surgical repair of a perforated eardrum with a tissue graft to correct hearing loss

Question 44

myringotomy

Answer 44

incision of the tympanic membrane to relieve pressure and drain fluid from the middle ear to insert tympanostomy tubes in the eardrum surgery

Question 45

Anti-glaucoma agents

Answer 45

reduce intraocular pressure by decreasing the amount of aqueous humor in the eyeball either by reducing production or by increasing its outflow

Question 46

miotics

Answer 46

cause the people to constrict

Question 47

Mydriatics

Answer 47

Cause the people to dilate and prepare the eye for an internal examination

Question 48

vertigo and motion, sickness, agents

Answer 48

decrease sensitivity of the inner ear to motion and prevent nerve impulses from the inner ear from reaching the vomiting center of the brain

Question 49

wax emulsifiers

Answer 49

loosen and help remove impacted cereumen

Question 50

blephar/o

Answer 50

eyelid

Question 51

choroid/o

Answer 51

choroid

Question 52

conjunctiv/o

Answer 52

conjunctiva

Question 53

corne/o

Answer 53

cornea

Question 54

cor/o, core/o. pupill/o

Answer 54

pupil

Question 55

darcy/o, lacrim/o

Answer 55

tear, lacrimial appatratus (duct, sac, or gland)

Question 56

dipl/o

Answer 56

double

Question 57

irid/o

Answer 57

iris

Question 58

kerat/o

Answer 58

horny tissue

Question 59

ocul/o, ophthalm/o

Answer 59

eye

Question 60

opt/o

Answer 60

eye, vision

Question 61

retin/o

Answer 61

retina

Question 62

acous/o, audi/o, audit/o

Answer 62

hearing

Question 63

myring/o, tympan/o

Answer 63

tympanic membrane (eardrum)

Question 64

ot/o

Answer 64

ear

Question 65

salping/o

Answer 65

tube (auditory tube)

Question 66

-acusis, -cusis

Answer 66

hearing

Question 67

-opia, -opsia

Answer 67

vision

Question 68

-ptosis

Answer 68

prolapse, downward placement

Question 69

exo-

Answer 69

outside, outward

Question 70

hyper-

Answer 70

excessive, above normal