Chapter 4: Respiratory System Flashcards
1
Q
diagnosis
A
identification of a disease or condition
2
Q
pumonary
A
pertaining to the lungs or the respiratory system
3
Q
respiration
A
the act of breathing
4
Q
thoricac
A
pertaining to the thorax or thoracic cage
5
Q
thoracic cage
A
bony enclosure formed by the sternum, costal cartilages, ribs, and the bodies of the thoracic vertebrae
6
Q
vascular
A
pertaining to the blood vessel
7
Q
adenoid/o
A
adenoids
8
Q
laryng/o
A
larynx (voice box)
9
Q
nas/o
A
nose
10
Q
rhin/o
A
nose
11
Q
pharyng/o
A
pharynx (throat)
12
Q
tonsil/o
A
tonsil
12
Q
trache/o
A
trachea (windpipe)
12
Q
Upper Respiratory Tract
A
adenoids, larynx, nose, pharynx, tonsils, and trachea
13
Q
alveol/o
A
alveolus; air sac
14
Q
bronch/o
A
bronchus, bronchi
15
Q
bronchi/o
A
plural combining form for bronchi
16
Q
bronchiol/o
A
bronchiole
17
Q
phren/o
A
diaphragm
18
Q
pleur/o
A
pleura
19
Q
pneum/o
A
air; lung
20
Q
pulmon/o
A
lung
21
Q
thorac/o
A
chest
22
Q
Lower Respiratory Tract
A
alveolus, bronchus, bronchiole, diaphragm, pleura, lung, and chest
23
aer/o
air
24
cyan/o
blue
25
muc/o
mucus
26
myc/o
fungus
27
orth/o
straight
28
py/o
pus
29
a-
without, not
30
brady-
slow
31
dys-
bad, painful, difficult
32
eu-
good, normal
33
tachy-
rapid
34
crackles
fine crackling or bubbling sounds, commonly heard during inspiration when there is fluid in the alveoli, also called rales
35
friction rub
dry, grating sound heard with a stethoscope during auscultation (listening for sounds within the body)
36
rhonchi
loud coarse or snoring sounds heard during inspiration or expiration; caused by obstructed airways
37
stridor
high pitched, musical sound made on inspiration; caused by an obstruction to the trachea or the larynx
38
wheezes
continuous high-pitched whistling sounds, usually during expiration; caused by narrowing of an airway
39
acidosis
excessive acidity of blood as a result of lots of acid or excessive bicarbonate cause by high levels of carbon dioxide
40
acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
life-threatening buildup of fluid in the airsacs (alveoli) preventing enough oxygen from passing into the blood stream
41
anosmia
absence or decrease in the sense of smell
42
anoxia
total absence of oxygen in the body tissues
43
asphyxia
condition of insufficient intake of oxygen
44
asthma
inflammatory airway disorder that results in attacks of wheezing, shortness of breath, and coughing
45
atelectasis
collapse of a lung or part of a lung
46
bronchitis
inflammation of the bronchial tubes
47
coryza
acute inflammation of the nasal passages accompanied by profuse nasal discharge, also called a cold
48
croup
acute respiratory syndrome that occurs primarily in children and infants, and is characterized by laryngeal obstruction and spasm, barking cough, and stridor
49
cystic fibrosis (CF)
genetic disease that is one of the most common types of chronic lung disease in children and young adults and causes thick, sticky mucus to build up in the lungs and digestive tract, possibly resulting in early death
50
emphysema
chronic obstruction pulmonary disease (COPD) - a lung condition caused by shortness of breath
51
epistaxis
hemorrhage from the nose, also called nosebleed
52
hypercapnia
greater than normal amounts of carbon dioxide in blood
53
hypoxemia
deficiency of oxygen in blood; usually a sign of respiratory impairment
54
hypoxia
deficiency of oxygen in the body tissues
55
influenza
acute, contagious respiratory infection characterized by sudden onset of fever, chills, headache, and muscle pain
56
otitis media (OM)
inflammation of the middle ear
57
exudative
OM with the presence of fluid, such as pus or serum
58
pertussis
acute infectious disease characterized by a "whoop"- sounding cough; also called the whooping cough
59
pleurisy
inflammation of the pleural membrane
60
pneumothorax
collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity, causing the complete or partial collapse of a lung
61
sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
completely unexpected and unexplained death of an apparently well infant, also called crib death
62
arterial blood gases (ABGs)
group of tests that measure oxygen and carbon dioxide in an arterial blood sample
63
Mantoux test
Intradermal test used to determine recent or pass exposure to tuberculosis
64
polysomnography (PSG)
sleep study monitored by a technician while the patient sleeps; used to evaluate physical factors affecting sleep
65
pulmonary function tests (PFTs)
various tests used to determine the capacity of the lungs to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide efficiently
66
spirometry
common lung function test that measures and records the volume and rate of inhaled and exhaled air
67
cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
basic emergency procedure for life support, consisting of artificial respiration and manual external cardiac message
68
endotracheal intubation
procedure in which an airway catheter is inserted through the mouth or nose into the trachea just above the bronchi in patients who are unable to breath on their own also used to administer oxygen, medication, or anesthesia
69
postal drainage
use of body positioning to assist in the removal of secretions from specific lobes of the lung, bronchi, or lung cavities
70
thoracentesis
use of a needle to collect pleural fluid for laboratory analysis or to remove excess pleural fluid or air from the pleural space
71
tracheostomy
incision into the trachea and creation of a permanent opening thorough which tube is inserted to keep the opening patent
72
bronchodialators
dilate constricted airways by relaxing muscle spasms in the bronchial tubes through oral administration
73
corticosteroids
suppress the inflammatory reaction that causes swelling and narrowing of the bronchi
74
expectorants
improve the ability to cough up mucus from the respiratory tractt
75
metered-dose
device that enables the patient to self administer a specific amount of medication into the lungs through inhalation
76
nebulized mist
method of administering medication directly into the lungs by using a device that produces and fine spray (example: inhaler)
