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AP Psych 1 > CHAPTER 13 Vocab A-Z > Flashcards

CHAPTER 13 Vocab A-Z Flashcards

1
Q

Medications that relieve tension, apprehension, and nervousness

A

Antianxiety drugs

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2
Q

Medications that gradually elevate mood and help bring people out of a depression

A

Antideppressant drugs

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3
Q

Medications used to gradually reduce psychotic symptoms, including hyperactivity, mental confusion, hallucinations, and delusions

A

Antipsychotics

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4
Q

A behavior therapy in which an aversive stimulus is paired with a stimulus that elicits an undesirable response

A

Aversion therapy

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5
Q

A systematic approach to changing behavior through the application of the principles of conditioning

A

Behavior-modification

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6
Q

Application of the principles of learning to direct efforts to change clients’ maladaptive behaviors

A

Behavior therapies

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7
Q

A theoretical orientation based on the premise that scientific psychology should study only observable behavior

A

Behaviorism

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8
Q

Physiological interventions intended to reduce symptoms associated with psychological disorders

A

Biomedical therapies

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9
Q

An insight therapy that plays a emphasizes providing a supportive emotional climate for clients, who play a major role in determining the pace and direction of their therapy

A

Client-centered therapy

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10
Q

Psychologists who specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and everyday behavioral problems

A

Clinical psychologists

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11
Q

An insight therapy that emphasizes recognizing and changing negative thoughts and maladaptive beliefs

A

Cognitive therapy

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12
Q

A learned reaction to a conditioned stimulus that occurs because of previous conditioning

A

Conditioned response

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13
Q

A previously neutral stimulus that has, through conditioning, acquired the capacity to evoke a conditioned responses

A

Conditioned stimulus

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14
Q

A state that occurs when two or more incompatible motivations or behavioral impulses compete for expression

A

Conflict

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15
Q

Psychologists who specialize in the treatment of everyday adjustment problems

A

Counseling psychologists

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16
Q

Largely unconscious reactions that protect a person from unpleasant emotions such as anxiety and guilt

A

Defense mechanisms

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17
Q

Transferring the treatment of mental illness from inpatient institutions to community-based facilities that emphasize outpatient care

A

Deinstitutionalization

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18
Q

A psychoanalytic technique in which the therapist interprets the symbolic meaning of the client’s dreams

A

Dream analysis

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19
Q

In psychotherapy, drawing ideas from two or more systems of therapy instead of committing to just one system

A

Eclecticism

20
Q

A biomedical treatment in which electric shock is used to produce a cortical seizure accompanied by convulsions

A

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

21
Q

A psychoanalytic technique in which clients spontaneously express their thoughts and feelings exactly as they occur with as little censorship as possible

A

Free association

22
Q

A psychological disorder marked by a chronic, high level of anxiety that is not tied to any specific threat

A

Generalized anxiety disorder

23
Q

The simultaneous treatment of several clients in a group

A

Group therapy

24
Q

The degree of disparity between one’s self-concept and one’s actual experience

A

Incongruence

25
Q

Psychotherapy methods characterized by verbal interactions intended to enhance clients’ self-knowledge and thus promote healthful changes in personality and behavior

A

Insight therapies

26
Q

In psychoanalysis, the therapist’s attempts to explain the inner significance of the client’s thoughts, feelings, memories, and behaviors

A

Interpretation

27
Q

A chemical used to control mood swings in patients with bipolar mood disorders

A

Lithium

28
Q

Mood disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness and despair and a loss of interest in previous sources of pleasure

A

Major depressive disorder

29
Q

A medical institution specializing in providing inpatient care for psychological disorders

A

Mental hospital

30
Q

The fact that subjects’ expectations can lead them to experience some change even though they receive an empty, fake, or ineffectual treatment

A

Placebo effects

31
Q

Physicians who specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders

A

Psychiatrists

32
Q

An insight therapy that emphasizes the recovery of unconscious conflicts, motives, and defenses through techniques such as free association and transference

A

Psychoanalysis

33
Q

The treatment of mental disorders with medication

A

Psychopharmacotheraphy

34
Q

An approach to therapy that focuses on altering clients’ patterns of irrational thinking to reduce maladaptive emotions and behavior

A

Rational-emotive therapy

35
Q

Effect that occurs when people who score extremely high or low on some trait are measured a second time and their new score falls closer to the mean

A

Regression toward the mean

36
Q

A process in which neurotransmitters are sponged up from the synaptic cleft by the presynaptic membrane

A

Reuptake

37
Q

A collection of beliefs about one’s own nature, unique qualities, and typical behavior

A

Self-concept

38
Q

the reinforcement of closer and closer approximations of a desired response

A

Shaping

39
Q

The branch of psychology concerned with the way individuals’ thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced

A

Social psychology

40
Q

A behavior therapy used to reduce clients’ anxiety responses through counterconditioning

A

Systematic desensitization

41
Q

A neurological disorder marked by chronic tremors and involuntary spastic movements

A

Tardive dyskinesia

42
Q

A behavior therapy designed to improve interpersonal skills that emphasizes shaping, modeling, and behavioral rehearsal

A

Social skills training

43
Q

In therapy, the phenomenon that occurs when clients start relating to their therapists in ways that mimic critical relationships in their lives

A

Transference

44
Q

An unlearned reaction to an unconditioned stimulus that occurs without previous conditioning

A

Unconditioned response

45
Q

A stimulus that evokes an unconditioned response without previous conditioning

A

Unconditioned stimulus

46
Q

Recovery from a disorder without formal treatment

A

Spontaneous remission

AP Psych 1 (34 decks)

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