Chapter 14 Flashcards
(10 cards)
What are the two types of carbohydrates?
Complex and Simple
Complex carbohydrates are digested and absorbed slowly, while simple carbohydrates are digested rapidly.
How do complex carbohydrates benefit our body?
They often contain vitamins, minerals, proteins, and fiber
Complex carbohydrates provide essential nutrients that support overall health.
What are examples of simple carbohydrates?
Table sugar, soft drinks, fruit juices, honey, junk foods, processed foods
These foods can cause large swings in blood sugar levels.
What is the Glycemic Index?
A measure that indicates the rate of carbohydrate digestion and its effects on blood glucose levels
It helps us understand how foods affect our blood sugar.
What role do proteins play in the body?
They are involved in virtually all cellular functions
The body consists of 10-12 kg of proteins on average, primarily found in muscles.
What are the two categories of unsaturated fats?
Mono-unsaturated fats and Polyunsaturated fats
Each category has different sources and health benefits.
Give examples of mono-unsaturated fats.
Olive oil, peanut oil, canola oil, almonds, pecans, avocados
These fats are generally considered heart-healthy.
What are some sources of saturated fats?
Lamb, pork, beef, chicken, egg yolks, dairy foods
Saturated fats generally come from animal sources.
What are trans fats and their dietary relevance?
Exist in a small number of foods and have low dietary intake
Linked to increased LDL cholesterol levels and heart disease.
Why is water considered a critical macronutrient?
It is needed for all body functions in large amounts
Water has no caloric value but is essential for survival.
