Chapter 14 Ear

Question 1

what is the auricle and its function?

Answer 1

our folds of the ear “earlobe”

gathers sound waves

Question 2

what is the function of the external ear?

Answer 2

transmits sound waves to middle ear

Question 3

what is the function of the middle ear?

Answer 3

transmits sound waves to inner ear

Question 4

what is the function of the inner ear?

Answer 4

contains sensory receptors for hearing and equilibrium

Question 5

otology

Answer 5

ot/o - ear

study of the ear

Question 6

audiology

Answer 6

audi/o = hearing
-logy = study of

study of hearing disorders

Question 7

what are the two things the ear is responsible for?

Answer 7

hearing and equalibrium

Question 8

what nerve is responsible for passing information regarding equilibrium?

Answer 8

Vestibulocochlear

Question 9

what are two other names for the external ear?

Answer 9

auricle or pinna

Question 10

what is the term for earwax?

Answer 10

cerumen

Question 11

what is cerumen produced by>

Answer 11

oil lands in auditory canal

Question 12

what are the ossicles of the middle ear and what do they allow for?

Answer 12

malleus, incus, and stapes

provide amplification

Question 13

what does the stapes connect to in order to transmit vibrations to inner ear?

Answer 13

oval window

Question 14

what is the bony labyrinth?

Answer 14

cavity within temporal bone for inner ear structures

Question 15

what is the role of the eustachian tube and what structures does it connect?

Answer 15

equalize pressure between middle ear and atmospheric pressure
connect nasopharynx with middle ear

Question 16

what do the structures utricle and saccule found within the inner ear perceive?

Answer 16

head tilt and linear acceleration

Question 17

what do the semicircular canals perceive?

Answer 17

angular or rotational acceleration

Question 18

after the stapes transmits vibrations to the oval window, the oval window initiates what?

Answer 18

vibrations in fluid that fills the cochlea, bending and activating small hairs which stimulates nerve endings

Question 19

what structure is responsible for processing sound?

Answer 19

cochlea

Question 20

define the purpose of the falling test, and how it is performed

Answer 20

assesses equilibrium

balancing on one foot with eyes open and then closed

Question 21

nystagmus

Answer 21

jerky involuntary eye movements

Question 22

audiology

Answer 22

audi/o = hearing
-logy = study of
specialty involved with hearing function or hearing loss

Question 23

otorhinolaryngology

Answer 23

ot/o = ear
rhin/o = nose
laryng/o = larynx
-logy = study of

(ENT: ears, nose and throat)

Question 24

conductive hearing loss

Answer 24

disease or deformity of outer or middle ear

all sound is weaker and muffled

Question 25

sensorineural hearing loss

Answer 25

damage or deformity of inner ear (cochlea) or Vestibulocochlear nerve

Question 26

residual hearing

Answer 26

amount of hearing remaining after damage has occured

Question 27

tinnitus

Answer 27

ringing in ears

Question 28

vertigo

Answer 28

dizziness

Question 29

otitis externa OE

Answer 29

external ear infections often by fungus | aka: otomycosis or swimmer's ear

Question 30

otosclerosis

Answer 30

``` ot/o = ear -sclerosis = hardening ``` loss of mobility of stapes bone; leads to hearing loss as it cannot vibrate

Question 31

otoscope

Answer 31

``` ot/o = ear -scope = instrument to visually examine ``` instrument to visually examine inside ear canal

Question 32

otitis media OM

Answer 32

``` infection of middle ear; mostly seen in children watery fluid (serous otitis media) or puss (purulent otitis media) accumulates in middle ear canal ```

Question 33

typanometry

Answer 33

``` tympan/o = tympanic membrane -metry = process of measuring ``` measurement of movement of tympanic membrane to asses pressure inside middle ear

Question 34

acoustic neuroma

Answer 34

``` acous/o = hearing -tic = pertaining to neur/o = nerve -oma = tumor ``` benign tumor of cochlear nerve symptoms include tinnitus, headache, dizziness and hearing loss

Question 35

define cochlear implant and what kind of hearing loss it helps treat?

Answer 35

mechanical device surgically placed behind outer ear converts sound into magnetic impulses to stimulate auditory nerve treats sensorineural hearing loss

Question 36

define parenteral

Answer 36

invasive method of administering drugs which requires skin to be punctured

Question 37

define intracavitary

Answer 37

intra- = within into body cavity such as peritoneal or chest cavity

Question 38

intradermal ID

Answer 38

intra- = within under epidermis very shallow injection

Question 39

Intramuscular IM

Answer 39

directly into muscle of the buttocks, thigh, or upper arm

Question 40

intrathecal

Answer 40

``` intra- = within thec/o = sheath (meninges) ``` into meningeal space surrounding the brain and spinal cord

Question 41

Intravenous IV

Answer 41

into veins | delivers medication very quickly or by continuous drip

Question 42

Subcutaneous (Subc, Subq)

Answer 42

into subcutaneous layer of skin | usually upper outer arm or abdomen

Question 43

radiolucent

Answer 43

allows x-rays to pass through (the black within an x-ray)

Question 44

radiopaque

Answer 44

does not allow X-rays to pass through (the White within an x-ray)

Question 45

positron emission tomography PET

Answer 45

image is produced following injection of radioactive glucose | glucose accumulates in areas of high metabolic activity such as brain or a tumor

Question 46

functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

Answer 46

measures brain activity by detecting changes associated with blood flow

Question 47

aur/o

Answer 47

ear

Question 48

myring/o

Answer 48

tympanic membrane

Question 49

salping/o

Answer 49

auditory tube