Chapter 15

Question 1

CNS

Answer 1

brain: meninges, cerebrum, diencephalon, brainstem & cerebellum
& spinal cord

Question 2

PNS

Answer 2

nerve structs, cranial nerves, spinal nerves & plexuses

Question 3

GRAY matter

Answer 3

most cell bodies and dendrites..

NO MYELIN

Question 4

White matter

Answer 4

axons

MYELIN (lipid, white, fatty)

Question 5

Cerebral, neural cortex

Answer 5

thin layer of gray matter that runs outer layer

cerebrium

Question 6

nucleus

Answer 6

random matter inferior CNS

Question 7

tracts

Answer 7

bundles of CNS axons that share a common origin and desitination

Question 8

ganglia

Answer 8

neuron cell bodies in PNS

Question 9

nerves

Answer 9

bundles of axons in PNS

Question 10

Structures of brain & brainstem

Answer 10

cerebrum, thalamus, hypothalamus, midbrain, pons, cerebellum, medulla

Question 11

Meninges (surface–> deep)

Answer 11

Dura matter, thick and tough layer
arachnoid, still can’t see through groves
pia mater, cannot peel layer away

Question 12

subarchnoid space

Answer 12

fluid filled space between arachnoid and pia mater

Question 13

What are the two hemispheres of the cerebrum separated by?

Answer 13

longitudinal fissure

Question 14

What are the two hemispheres of the cerebrum CONNECTED by

Answer 14

corpus callosum

Question 15

Gyrus, sulcus, fissure??

Answer 15

Fold
space between
deep sulcus

Question 16

lateral fissure divides which lobes?

Answer 16

frontal, parietal, & temporal

Question 17

central sulcus?

Answer 17

between frontal lobe and parietal lobe

Question 18

parieto-occipital sulcus

Answer 18

divides parietal lobe and occipital lobe

Question 19

Cerebral lobes?

Answer 19

frontal
parietal
occipital
temporal
insular

Question 20

Cerebral cortex

Answer 20

gray matter in each lobe have specific functions

Question 21

Frontal lobe functions cortex

Answer 21

MOTOR: coming from CNS and out to the body
planning movements, control in motor neurons in spinal cord
Cognitive functions:
short term memory
control of attention
planning
personality
problem solving

Question 22

Parietal lobe cortex

Answer 22

SENSORY:
touch, temperature, paint
visual info, motion

Question 23

Occipital lobe cortex

Answer 23

SENSORY:
basic visual stimulation (COLOR CONTRAST SHAPES)
Optic nerve carries info to the occipital lobe first

Question 24

Temporal lobe cortex

Answer 24

SENSORY:
auditory stimulation SMELL
olfactory stimulation SOUND
some visual stimulation (faces) - object recognition
long-term memory

Question 25

Insula lobe cortex

Answer 25

SENSORY: | taste stimulation

Question 26

Wernicke's area

Answer 26

Parietal & temporal lobes Lanugage processing with BROCAS AREA in frontal lobe to produce spoken language Math

Question 27

nucleus

Answer 27

discreet bits of gray matter INSIDE cerebrum

Question 28

Cerebral nuclei

Answer 28

Caudate nucleus Putamen Globus palidus

Question 29

Cerebral nuclei function MOTOR

Answer 29

"gating" function: go, no go Motor control: need a "go" from all three nuclei Parkinson's and huntingtons: c constantly moving. because abnormalities of one of the nuclei

Question 30

Cerebral nuceli function COGNiTIVE

Answer 30

OCD: can't stop doing something

Question 31

Amygdaloid body

Answer 31

fear emotions

Question 32

WHITE MATTER

Answer 32

contains communication pathways between gray matter | made up of axons

Question 33

Diencephalon

Answer 33

Thalamus, hypothalamus (pituitary gland) & pineal gland

Question 34

Thalamus

Answer 34

``` takes all sensory info and routes it into the proper location Divided into halves by INTERMEDIATE MASS sound, vision goes to thalamus first Smart relay Stop sending info (wearing underwear) ```

Question 35

Hypothalamus

Answer 35

control of endocrine function (HORMONES) control of drives (thirst, hunger, sex, pleasure) body temperature autonomic function (fear, flight, fight vs. rest) circadian rhythms (sleep) hypothalamus controls pituitary gland

Question 36

Brainstem

Answer 36

Midbrain Pons Medulla Oblongata

Question 37

Midbrain

Answer 37

Motor control system Cerebral aqueduct Red nucleus Substantia nigra

Question 38

Pons

Answer 38

Reticulat formation: group of cells that control autonomic fxn BREATHING

Question 39

Medulla

Answer 39

Olive & Pyramid

Question 40

Reticular formation of Medulla

Answer 40

cardiac center vasomotor center (blood vessel diameter) sneezing, coughing, swallowing, gagging, and vomiting

Question 41

Cochlear nucleus

Answer 41

Medulla relays sound info to brain SOUND

Question 42

Inferior olivary nucleus

Answer 42

relays body position info to cerebellum | BODY POSITION

Question 43

vestibularcochlear nerve

Answer 43

SOUND RELAY cochlear nucleus..thalamus..temporal lobe

Question 44

Cerebellum

Answer 44

Hemispheres VERMIS connects hemispheres ARBOR VITAE- white

Question 45

Cerebellum function

Answer 45

coordinate muscular action | walking

Question 46

Ventricles

Answer 46

2 lateral ventricles, third ventricle, fourth ventricle | fluid filled spaces

Question 47

Cerebral spinal fluid CSF

Answer 47

inside fluid & outside fluid | subarachnoid space, goes all in CNS & spinal cord