Chapter 9

Question 1

the place of contact between bones, between bone and cartilage

Answer 1

joint/articulation

Question 2

where bones are held together by dense regular (fibrous) connective tissue
No joint cavity

Answer 2

fibrous joint

Question 3

where bones are joined by cartilage

no joint cavity

Answer 3

cartilaginous joint

Question 4

fluid filled cavity that separates the cartilage-covered articulating surfaces of the bones

Answer 4

synovial joint

Question 5

immobile joint

fibrous: suture, gomphosis
cartilaginous: synchondrosis

Answer 5

synarthrosis

Question 6

slightly mobile joint

fibrous: syndesmosis
cartilaginous: symphysis

Answer 6

amphiarthrosis

Question 7

freely mobile joint

synovial

Answer 7

diarthrosis

Question 8

periodontal membranes hold tooth to bony jaw.
fibrous joint
synarthrosis

Answer 8

gomphosis

Question 9

dense regular connective tissue connects skull bones
synarthrosis
fibrous

Answer 9

suture

Question 10

dense regular connective tissue fibers between bones

amphiarthrosis

Answer 10

syndesmosis

Question 11

hyaline cartilage between bones
cartilaginous
synathrosis

Answer 11

synchondrosis

Question 12

fibrocartilage pad between bones
amphiarthrosis
cartilaginous

Answer 12

symphysis

Question 13

synovial joints

Answer 13

plane joints, hinge joints, pivot joints (uniaxial)
condylar joint, saddle joint (biaxial)
ball&soocket (multi axial)
Freely movable (diarthrosis)

Question 14

shafts of the two articulating bones are bound side by side by a broad ligamentous sheet

Answer 14

interosseous membrane

Question 15

each synovial joint is composed of a double-layered capsule

Answer 15

articular capsule

Question 16

outer layer of synovial joint

Answer 16

fibrous layer

Question 17

inner layer of synovial joint

Answer 17

synovial membrane

Question 18

all articulating surfaces in a synovial joint are covered by a thin layer of hyaline cartilage

Answer 18

articular cartilage

Question 19

a space that contains a small amount of synovial fluid

Answer 19

joint cavity

Question 20

a fibrous,saclike structure that contains synovial fluid and is lined by a synovial membrane

Answer 20

bursa

Question 21

wraps around tendons where there may be excessive friction

Answer 21

tendon sheath

Question 22

attaches a muscle to a bone, composed of dense regular connective tissue

Answer 22

tendons

Question 23

provide some protection for the joint

Answer 23

fat pads

Question 24

simplest synovial articulation and least mobile type of diarthrosis

Answer 24

plane joint

hand

Question 25

uniaxial joint in which the convex surface of one articulating bone fits into a concave depression on the other bone

Answer 25

hinge joint | humerus and radius

Question 26

uniaxial joint in which one articulating bone with a roundd surface fits into a ring formed by a ligament and another bone

Answer 26

pivot joint | dens on atlas..spine

Question 27

biaxial joints with an oval, convex surface on one bone that articulates with a concave articular surface on another bone

Answer 27

condylar joints | fingers

Question 28

convex and concave regions that resemble the shaw of a saddle

Answer 28

saddle joint | hand

Question 29

multiaxial joints in which the spherical articulating head of one bone fits into the rounded, cup like socket of a second bone

Answer 29

ball and socket | head of femur

Question 30

two opposing articular surfaces slide past each other in almost any directional the amount of movement is slight

Answer 30

gliding motion

Question 31

the angle between articulating bones increases or decreases

Answer 31

angular motion

Question 32

the angle between two bones decreases

Answer 32

flexion

Question 33

the angle between two bones increases

Answer 33

extension

Question 34

extension movement continues past the anatomic position

Answer 34

hyperextension

Question 35

the vertebral column moves (bends) in a lateral direction along a coronal plane

Answer 35

lateral flexion

Question 36

movement of a bone away from the midline

Answer 36

abduction

Question 37

the movement of a bone toward the midline

Answer 37

adduction

Question 38

a continuous movement that combines flexion, abduction, extension, and adduction in succession; the distal end of the limb and digit moves in a circle

Answer 38

circumduction

Question 39

a bone pivots around its own longitudinal axis

Answer 39

rotational motion

Question 40

rotation of the forearm where the palm is turned posteriorly

Answer 40

pronation

Question 41

rotation of the forearm in which the palm is turned anteriorly

Answer 41

supination

Question 42

movement of a body part inferiorly

Answer 42

depression

Question 43

movement of a body part superiorly

Answer 43

elevation

Question 44

ankle joint movement where the dorsum (superior surface) of the foot is brought closer to the anterior surface of the leg

Answer 44

dorsiflexion

Question 45

ankle joint movement whereby the sole of the foot is brought toward the posterior surface of the leg

Answer 45

planter flexion

Question 46

twisting motion of the foot that turns the sole medially or inward

Answer 46

inversion

Question 47

tiwsting motion of the foot that turns the sole laterally or outward

Answer 47

eversion

Question 48

anterior movement of a body part from anatomic position

Answer 48

protraction

Question 49

posterior movement of a body part from anatomic position

Answer 49

retraction

Question 50

special movement of the thumb across the palm toward the fingers permit grasping and holding an object

Answer 50

opposition

Question 51

acromial end of clavicle and acromion of scapula

Answer 51

acromioclavicular joint

Question 52

gleniod cavity of scapula and head of humerus

Answer 52

glenohumeral joint

Question 53

ligaments connecting scapula and clavicle

Answer 53

acromioclavicular ligament, coracoclaicular ligament, and coracoacromial ligament

Question 54

muscles of the rotator cuff

Answer 54

supraspinatus infraspinatus teres minor suscapularis

Question 55

overstretching or tearing of ligaments around a joint

Answer 55

sprain

Question 56

inflammation of a joint

Answer 56

arthritis

Question 57

inflammation of a joint resulting from breakdown of articular cartilage

Answer 57

osteoarthristis

Question 58

inflammation of joint due to attack on synovial components by immune system

Answer 58

rheumatoid arthristis