Chapter 15 - Urinary System

Question 1

albumin/o

Answer 1

albumin

Question 2

azot/o

Answer 2

urea; nitrogen

Question 3

cyst/o

Answer 3

bladder; sac

Question 4

blast/o

Answer 4

developing cell; germ cell

Question 5

lith/o

Answer 5

stone; calculus

Question 6

meat/o

Answer 6

meatus

Question 7

noct/i

Answer 7

night

Question 8

pyel/o

Answer 8

renal pelvis

Question 9

vesic/o

Answer 9

bladder; sac

Question 10

nephrons

Answer 10

functional units of kidney that cleanse blood and balance constituents of circulation

Question 11

glomerular filtration rate (GFR)

Answer 11

volume of filtrate formed by kidneys per minute

Question 12

hydrostatic pressure

Answer 12

pressure produced by fluid against a surface

Question 13

renin

Answer 13

enzyme produced by granular cells of afferent arteriole

Question 14

diabetic nephropathy

Answer 14

higher levels of blood sugar can lead to high BP and this extra pressure on kidneys causes destruction of small filtering structures within the kidney

Question 15

glomerulonephritis

Answer 15

acute or chronic nephritis that involves inflammation of capillaries of renal glomeruli

Question 16

hydronephrosis

Answer 16

kidneys begin to swell due to retention of urine

Question 17

polycystic kidney disease

Answer 17

genetic disorder whereby cysts grow inside kidneys

Question 18

renal cell carcinoma

Answer 18

cancer occurring in kidney tubes where urine is produced or collected

Question 19

renal failure

Answer 19

kidneys become unable to filter waste products from blood

Question 20

cystitis

Answer 20

inflammation of urinary bladder, often caused by infection

Question 21

urinary incontinence

Answer 21

loss of bladder control

Question 22

adventitial

Answer 22

outermost layer of organs, blood vessels, and other structures in body

Question 23

albuminuria

Answer 23

albumin in urine

Question 24

anuria

Answer 24

absence of urine production

Question 25

azotemia

Answer 25

urea in blood

Question 26

cystocele

Answer 26

condition in which weakened pelvic muscles cause bladder to move from its normal position

Question 27

deamination

Answer 27

removal of amino group from molecule

Question 28

detrusor

Answer 28

muscle which forms a layer of the wall of bladder

Question 29

diuresis

Answer 29

excess production of urine

Question 30

dysuria

Answer 30

painful urination

Question 31

enuresis

Answer 31

involuntary urination

Question 32

micturition

Answer 32

urination or voiding

Question 33

lithotripsy

Answer 33

destruction of a calculus (stone) of kidney, ureter, bladder, or gallbladder by physical forces

Question 34

nocturia

Answer 34

frequent urination at night that interrupts sleep