Chapter 6 - Skeletal System Flashcards
1
Q
sym-
A
together; joined
2
Q
syn-
A
together; joined
3
Q
ankyl/o
A
stiff; bent
4
Q
aponeur/o
A
aponeurosis
5
Q
arthr/o
A
joint
6
Q
burs/o
A
bursa
7
Q
carp/o
A
carpals; wrist
8
Q
chondr/o
A
cartilage
9
Q
clavic/o
A
clavicle; collarbone
10
Q
clavicul/o
A
clavicle; collarbone
11
Q
cost/o
A
ribs
12
Q
crani/o
A
cranium
13
Q
disk/o
A
intervertebral disk
14
Q
femor/o
A
femur; upper leg bone
15
Q
fibul/o
A
fibula; upper arm bone
16
Q
humer/o
A
humerus; upper arm bone
17
Q
ili/o
A
ilium
18
Q
ischi/o
A
ischium
19
Q
kinesi/o
A
movement; motion
20
Q
kyph/o
A
increased convexity of the spine
21
Q
lord/o
A
bent forward; increased concavity of the spine
22
Q
lumb/o
A
loin; lumbar region of the spine
23
Q
mandibul/o
A
mandible; lower jawbone
24
Q
maxill/o
A
maxilla; upper jawbone
25
mensic/o
meniscus; crescent
26
myel/o
spinal cord
27
oste/o
bone
28
patell/o
patella; kneecap
29
pelv/i
pelvis; pelvic bone
30
pelv/o
pelvis; pelvic bone
31
petr/o
stone
32
phalang/o
phalanges; bones of finger and toes
33
pub/o
pubis
34
rachi/o
vertebral spine; vertebral column
35
radi/o
nerve root
36
scapul/o
scapula; shoulder blade
37
scoli/o
crooked; curved
38
spondyl/o
vertebra; spine; vertebral column
39
stern/o
sternum; breastbone
40
tars/o
tarsals; ankle bones
41
ten/o
tendon
42
tendin/o
tendon
43
tend/o
tendon
44
tibi/o
tibia; lower leg bone
45
uln/o
ulna; lower arm bone
46
vertebr/o
vertebra; spine; vertebral column
47
-asthenia
weakness
48
-clasia
break
49
-clasis
break
50
-clast
break
51
-desis
surgical fixation; fusion
52
-lysis
loosening; separating; dissolution
53
-oid
resembling
54
-physis
growth
55
-rrhaphy
suturing; repairing
56
-sarcoma
malignant tumor
57
-schisis
split; fissure
58
-trophy
nourishment; development
59
axial skeleton
forms the vertical, central axis of the body; includes all bones of the head, neck, chest, and back (80 bones)
60
frontal skull bone
forms the forehead
61
parietal skull bone
upper lateral sides of the cranium
62
occipital skull bone
posterior skull and base of the cranial cavity
63
temporal skull bone
lower lateral sides of the cranium
64
sphenoid skull bone
"keystone" bone that forms part of the base of the skull and eye sockets
65
ethmoid skull bone
forms part of the nose and orbit and base of the cranium
66
auditory ossicles
small bones of the middle ear
67
external auditory meatus
external opening of the ear and temporal bone
68
zygomatic face bone
cheeckbone
69
maxillary face bone
upper jaw and hard palate
70
palatine face bone
lateral walls of the nose
71
lacrimal face bone
walls of the orbit
72
inferior conchae
lower lateral wall of the nasal cavity
73
vomer face bone
bone that separates the left and right nasal cavity
74
hyoid face bone
located between the mandible and larynx; not connected to other bones
75
cervical vertebrae
C1-C7; first 7 vertebrae in the neck region
76
thoracic vertebrae
T1-T12; next 12 vertebrae that form the outward curvature of the spine
77
lumbar vertebrae
L1-L5; next 5 vertebrae that form the inner curvature of the spine
78
sacrum
triangular-shaped bone at the base of the spine
79
coccyx
tailbone
80
7 true ribs
attached to front of the sternum
81
3 false ribs
attached to the cartilage that joins the sternum
82
2 floating ribs
not attached to the front of the sternum
83
manubrium sternum
upper portion of the breast bone
84
body sternum
middle portion of breast bone
85
xiphoid process
lower portion of breast bone and is made up of cartilage
86
appendicular skeleton
includes all bones of the upper and lower limbs, plus the bones that attach each limb to the axial skeleton; 126 bones
87
scapula
shoulder blades
88
clavicle
collarbone; connects sternum to scapula
89
acromion
extension that forms the bony point of the shoulder
90
humerus
bone in the upper arm
91
radius
bone that runs thumb-side of the forearm
92
ulna
bone that runs on the side of the little finger of the forearm
93
carpals
wrist bones
94
metacarpals
bones in the palm
95
phalanges
finger and toe bones
96
pelvic girdle
hip or coxal bone; formed by the fusion of three bones during adolescence
97
illium
large part of the hip bone
98
ischium
lower portion of pelvic girdle
99
pubis
anterior portion of pelvic girdle
100
pelvis
consists of 4 bones; left and right hips bones and the sacrum and coccyx
101
acetabulum
large socket in the pelvic bones that holds the head of the femur
102
femur
thigh bone; largest and strongest bone in the body
103
patella
kneecap
104
tibia
shin bone; main weight-bearing bone of lower leg
105
fibula
smaller of the lower leg bones
106
tarsals
ankle bones
107
malleolus
bony protrusions of the ankle bones
108
talus
superior ankle bones
109
calcaneus
heel bones
110
metatarsals
foot bones
111
synarthrosis joint
allow no movement
112
amphiarthrosis joint
allow some movement
113
diarthrosis
allow for free movement
114
cartilage
elastic connective tissue that is found at the ends of bones, nose tip, etc
115
synovial membrane
lining or covering of synovial joints
116
ligaments
tough, elastic connective tissue that connects bone to bone
117
synovial fluid
lubricating fluid found between synovial joints
118
tendons
fibrous connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone
119
bursa
closed, fluid-filled sacs that work as a cushion
120
meniscus
c-shaped cartilage that acts as shock absorbers between bones
121
osteoporosis
bone loss that causes bones to become weak and thin over time
122
arthritis
chronic inflammation of the synovial joints
123
osteoarthritis
breakdown of cartilage and bone occurs over time when joints are exposed to heavy workloads
124
rheumatoid arthritis
autoimmune and inflammatory disease; inflammation of the joint tissues of the hands, wrists, and knees
125
gout
inflammatory arthritis causes by build up of uric acid crystals in a joint
126
myasthenia gravis
autoimmune neuromuscular disease that causes weakness in the skeletal muscles
127
fibromyalgia
widespread pain, chronic fatigue, GI problems, and headaches
128
osteomyelitis
bone infection causes by staphylococcus bacteria traveling through bloodstream from an infection in one part of the body to the bone
129
kyphosis
humpback; excessive posterior curvature of the thoracic region
130
lordosis
swayback; excessive anterior curvature of the lumbar region
131
scoliosis
abnormal, lateral curvature, accompanied by twisting of vertebral column
132
crepitation or crepitus
creaking or popping sound that is heard when fractured bones move against each other
133
closed or simple fractures
bones are broken by do not protrude the skin
134
open or compound fracture
bones are broken and pierce through the skin
135
transverse fracture
bone is broken straight across
136
spiral fracture
bone has twisted apart
137
comminuted fracture
bones are broken and crushed into pieces
138
greenstick fracture
bones are partially broken; occurs mainly in children
139
oblique fracture
bones are broken at an angle
140
coles fracture
bones are broken at the wrist or distal radius
141
stress fracture
small crack in the bone
