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8th > Chapter 150 - Superficial Cutaneous Infections and Pyodermas > Flashcards

Chapter 150 - Superficial Cutaneous Infections and Pyodermas Flashcards

1
Q

Most common cause of superficial purulent skin infections

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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2
Q

Carriage of Staphylococcus aureus is found in up to ___% of healthy people

A

30%

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3
Q

Major commensal bacterium found on the surface of human skin

A

Staphylococcus epidermidis

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4
Q

Common sites of colonization of Staphylococcus aureus in carriers (6)

A 
Inguinal region
Axilla
Perirectal skin
Nasal mucosa
Pharynx mucosa
Rectal mucosa
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5
Q

Formation of small crateriform pits that coalesce to form a large discrete defect with serpiginous borders on the plantar surface on the foot

A

Pitted keratolysis

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6
Q

Etiologic agents of pitted keratolysis (3)

A

Kytococcus sedentarius
(Micrococcus sedentarius)
Dermatophilus congolensis
Corynebacterium sp

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7
Q

Common complaint of pitted keratolysis

A

Sliminess of skin (70%)

Malodor (2/3)

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8
Q

Treatment for pitted keratolysis

A

Aluminum chloride 20% solution
BPO 5% gel
Topical clindamycin, erythromycin, miconazole, fucidic acid

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9
Q

Superficial bacterial infection characterized by well-defined irregular reddish brown patches in intertriginous areas or fissuring and white maceration in toe clefts between 4th-5th toes

A

Erythrasma

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10
Q

Etiologic agent of erythrasma

A

Corynebacterium minutissum

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11
Q

Wood’s lamp of erythrasma reveals ____ fluorescence due to ____

A

Coral red; coprophyrin III

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12
Q

Management of erythrasma

A

BPO 5% wash
Topical clindamycin, erythromycin
If widespread, oral erythromycin 250mgQID for 14 days
Or Clarithromycin 1g PO single dose

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13
Q

Bacterial infection of hair shaft that consist of tan, reddish, yellowish, or black concretions on surface of hair shaft

A

Trichobacteriosis

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14
Q

Wood’s lamp of trichobacteriosis reveal a

A

Pale yellowish fluorescence

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15
Q

Management of trichobacteriosis

A

Shaving
BPO 5% gel
Topical clindamycin/ erythromycin

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16
Q

Pyogenes, Latin for

A

Pus generating

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17
Q

After a group A Streptococcal infection, the ff may ensue (4)

A

Guttate psoriasis
Acute rheumatic fever
Rheumatic heart disease
Glomerulonephritis

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18
Q

Key virulence factor of GAS infection

A

M protein

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19
Q

Streptococci group which causes impetigo, cellulitis, otitis in newborns

A

Group B

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20
Q

Intense perianal erythema with pain on defecation, blood streaked stools associated with anal fissure

A

Perianal group A streptococcal cellulitis

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21
Q

Large tense blister filled with seropurulent fluid on volar skin pad of distal fingers and toes with erythematous base

A

Blistering distal dactylitis

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22
Q

Ddx of acute lymphangitis

A

UE: sporotrichosis
LE: superficial thrombophlebitis

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23
Q

Poststreptococcal pharyngitis occurs ___ weeks ff GAS impetigo; occurs ____ weeks ff GAS pharyngitis

A

3-6 weeks

1-3 weeks

24
Q

Most common cause of acute nephritis in children

A

PSGN

25
Q

Acute rheumatic fever occurs ___ weeks after GAS pharyngitis

A

2 weeks

26
Q

Symptoms of choreoathetosis, OCD, or tic disorder is associated with antecedent GAS infection

A 
PANDAS
Pediatric
Autoimmune
Neuropsychiatric 
Disorders with 
Streptococcal
Infection
27
Q

Grps of streptococci implicated in impetiginous lesions, secondarily infected dermatitis, wound infections with lymphangitis

A

Grp C and Grp G

28
Q

Grps of streptococci isolated from infections of skin lesions secondary to ischemia or venous stasis involving perineal area and operative wound sites

A

Grp B and Grp D

29
Q

Grp of streptococci responsible for infections in meat handlers

A

Grp L

30
Q

Pattern __ of emm gene are associated with pharyngitis; pattern ___ with skin infections; and pattern ___ with both

A

ABC
D
E

31
Q

2 of key pore forming toxins

A

Streptolysin O

Streptolysin S

32
Q

Produces large pores in host cell membranes leading to apoptosis of neutrophils, macrophages, and epithelial cells

A

Streptolysin O

33
Q

Cytolytic activity against neutrophils, lymphocytes, RBCs, platelets leading to defective immune function

A

Streptolysin S

34
Q

Key role in host defense against GAS skin infections

A

TLR9

35
Q

Impt cell type in host defense against GAS and S aureus

A

Neutrophils

36
Q

Titers used to detect GAS pharyngitis

A

Antistreptolysin O titers

37
Q

Titers used to detect GAS skin infection

A

AntiDNAse B

38
Q

Treatment for GAS skin infections

A 
Pen V PO 25-45 mkday for 10 days
Or
Erythromycin 30-50mkday for 10 days
Or 
Benazathine Pen G 1.2 M U IM
Or
Clindamycin 20-30mkday for 10 days
39
Q

Used as secondary prophylaxis against recurrent GAS

A

Clindamycin 20-30mkday

Co-Amoxiclav 40mkday

40
Q

Sites of colonization in neonates

A

Skin
Umbilicus
Circumcision
Conjunctiva

41
Q

Bullous impetigo cleaves ___ in the epidermis, resulting in clusters of thin roofed bulla, vesicles, and or pustules

A

Desmoglein 1

42
Q

Secondary infection of miliaria of neonates by S. Aureus

A

Periporitis staphylogenes

43
Q

Small fragile dome-shaped pustules at the infundibulum (ostium or opening) of a hair follicle often on the scalp of children, beard, axilla, extremities, and buttocks of adults

A

Follicular or Bockhart impetigo

44
Q

Deep folliculitis with perifollicular inflammation occurring in the bearded areas of face and upper lip

A

Sycosis barbae

45
Q

Deep chronic form of sycosis barbae associated with scarring occurring as a circinate lesion

A

Lupoid sycosis

46
Q

Differential for staphylococcus aureus folliculits

  1. Pseudofolliculitis barbae
  2. Folliculitis keloidalis
  3. Perifolliculitis capitis

A. Scalp
B. Nape
C. Lower beard area

A

C
B
A

47
Q

Difference of Staphylococcal folliculitis from dermatophyte folliculitis (3)

A

In fungal infections,

  1. Hairs are broken and loosened
  2. Presence of suppurative or granulomatous nodules than pustules
  3. Painless plucking of hairs
48
Q

Deep seated inflammatory nodule that develops around a hair follicle from a preceding superficial folliculitis and evolves into an abscess

A

Furuncle

49
Q

More extensive, deeper, communicating, infiltrated, and serious inflammatory lesion

A

Carbuncle

50
Q

CA- MRSA should be suspected in all patients with a skin abscess.
True or False

A

True

51
Q

Purulent, chronic, subQ infection with foregn trauma playing a role

A

Botryomycosis

52
Q

Predisposing factors of botryomycosis (4)

A

Trauma
Immunosuppression
Chronic alcoholism
DM

53
Q

Purulent infection or abscess involving bulbous distal end of finger

A

Staphylococcal whitlow or felon

54
Q

Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (4)

A

36 < T> 38
Rr> 24
HR> 90
4,000 < WBC > 12,000

55
Q

Risk factors for S. Aureus SSTIs (5)

A
  1. Colonization of S. Aureus in mucosal sites (nares)
  2. Preexisting tissue injury or inflammation
  3. Immunodeficiency disorders (HIV/AIDS)
  4. Condition with defective neutrophil number or function (CGD)
  5. Patients with genetic or acquired IL17 responses

8th (28 decks)

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