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8th > Chapter 171- Endemic (Nonvenereal) Treponematoses > Flashcards

Chapter 171- Endemic (Nonvenereal) Treponematoses Flashcards

1
Q

Important diff of endemic treponematoses and syphilis (4):

A
  1. Nonvenereal form of transmission
  2. Endemic
  3. Tendency to affect children
  4. Less likely risk for congenital transmission
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2
Q

Chronic infectious and contagious disease recognized as neglected tropical disease

A

Pinta

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3
Q

Most benign form of endemic treponematosis with clinical manifestations limited to the skin

A

Pinta

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4
Q

Treatment for Pinta

A

Long acting benzathine penicillin 1.2 M units for adults, 0.6 M units for children

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5
Q

Other names for pinta (3)

A

Azula
Carate
Mal de pinto

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6
Q

First to occur in humans

A

Pinta

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7
Q

Early serology test for syphilis positive in majority of cases of pinta

A

Wassermann test

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8
Q

Late stage pinta cannot be reinfected while patients with early stage pinta who has been cured can be reinfected.
True or False

A

True

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9
Q

Pinta can be cured spontaneously.

True or False

A

False, cell mediated immunity is not completely effective hence persists indefinitely

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10
Q

Primary stage of pinta is divided into (2)

A
  1. Early phase or initial period

2. Secondary phase or period of cutaneous dissemination

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11
Q

Initial period appears ___ days after treponema inoculation and secondary phase occurs ___ after first lesions’ appearance. Late or tertiary lesion occurs ___ after the first lesion

A

7 to 20 days
6 months to 2-3 years
5 years

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12
Q

Pinta spares (3)

A

Groin
Genitals
Inner and upper parts of the thighs

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13
Q

Early lesions are irreversible.

True or False

A

False, late lesions giving permanent ‘vitiligo like’ appearance

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14
Q

Reservoir of pinta? MOT?

A

Humans

Spread via direct contact with infected person or fomites

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15
Q

Cornerstone of diagnosis of pinta

A

Serology

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16
Q

Reflect disease activity for nonvenereal treponematoses

A

RPR/VDRL

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17
Q

Serology can distinguish endemic treponematoses from syphilis.
True or False

A

False, cannot

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18
Q

Stains for treponemes

A

Warthin Starry

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19
Q

Mass treatment of __ in communities to prevent spread of endemic treponematoses

A

Azithromycin 1g oral dose

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20
Q

Most prevalent of endemic treponematoses

A

Yaws

21
Q

Countries with highest number of yaws (3)

A

Papua New Guinea
Solomon Islands
Ghana

22
Q

Eroded or hyperkeratotic palmoplantar lesions with fissuring inducing a crablike gait

A

Crab yaws

23
Q

Effective in treatment of patients with yaws (2)

A 
Penicillin
Azithromycin 2g (30mkday) single dose
24
Q

Matching type

  1. Papillomatous
  2. Moist and papillomatous (frambesiomas)
  3. Dry and papulosquanous (pianides)
  4. Ulcer
  5. Bilateral
  6. Hematogenous spread
  7. Lymphatic spread

A. Primary
B. Secondary

A 
A
B
B
A
B
B
B
25
Q

Other terms for primary yaws (3)

A

Mother yaws
Maman pian
Buba madre

26
Q

Primary lesion of yaws may resolve spontaneously in 3 to 6 months leaving a pigmented scar.
True or False

A

True

27
Q

Most representative lesion of yaws

A

Resembling raspberries

28
Q

Multiple, generalized with annular or discoid morphology with squamous collarette grouped in corymbose pattern

A

Tinea yaws

29
Q

Tender or painful acral lesions resulting to peculiar gait

A

Crab yaws

30
Q

Paronychia originating from hyperkeratotic lesions in the nail folds

A

Pianic onychia

31
Q

Secondary yaws resolves spontaneously with or without scarring.
True or False

A

True

32
Q

Relapsing yaws localizes in (3) for as long as __ after initial infection

A

Perioral
Perianal
Axillary
5 years

33
Q

Most common manifestation of late stage of yaws

A

Simultaneous skin and bone involvement

34
Q

Complete destruction of nasal cartilage and collapse of nasal pyramid

A

Gangosa

35
Q

Yaws present with ff noncutaneous findings (6)

A 
Osteoperiostitis
Ghoul hand
Rhinopharyngitis obliterans/ gangosa
Goundou
Optic atrophy
Sabre shins
36
Q

Late yaws is similar to late syphilis and presents with cV or neurologic manifestations.
True or False

A

False, opposite, does not

37
Q

Fusiform swelling of finger affecting 2 proximal phalanges

A

Ghoul hand

38
Q

Central face deformity

A

Rhinopharyngitis obliterans

Gangosa

39
Q

Exostosis of paranasal area

A

Goundou

40
Q

T. Pallidum ssp pertenue is sensitive to

A

Tetracycline
Penicillin
Erythromycin

41
Q

Response to T. Pallidum ssp. Pertenue

A

Humoral and cellular

42
Q

Important difference of yaws with syphilis (2)

A
  1. Does not induce vascular changes or (2) endothelial obliteration
43
Q

Radiographic findings of yaws in periostitis

A 
Onion latering (periosteal reaction)
Loss of clarity of cortex
44
Q

Treatment of choice of yaws

A

Single dose long acting benzathine penicillin 1.2 M units for more than 10, 0.6 M units for less than 10

45
Q

Yaws lesions become noninfectious in ___, joint pain disappears in ___, lesions resolve within ___ after therapy

A

24 hours
24 to 48 hours
2 to 4 weeks

46
Q

RPR and VDRL decreases to a minimum in ___ and becomes negative in ___

A

6 to 12 months

Next 2 years

47
Q

Who eardication program for yaws include yearly serologic surveys in children younger than __

A

5years

48
Q

Peak incidence of yaws

A

6 - 10 years old

8th (28 decks)

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