Chapter 16: Structure and Function of the Male Reproductive System

Question 2

the male sex cells, or _____ (plural, _____) or ______, is produced in the male gonads, or _____ (singular testis).

Answer 2

spermatozoon; spermatozoa; sperm; testes

Question 3

the testes are also called ______ and are contained within the _____, a sac outside the body.

Answer 3

testicles; scrotum

Question 4

the development of sperm (______) takes place in the scrotum, where the temperature is lower than inside the body.

Answer 4

spermatogenesis

Question 5

Between the seminiferous tubules lie endocrine cells that produce _____, the most important male hormone.

Answer 5

testosterone

Question 6

at the top part of each testis is the ______, a group of ducts for storing sperm.

Answer 6

epididymis

Question 7

they leave the epididymis and enter a narrow tube called the ____ ____.

Answer 7

vas deferens

Question 8

the sperm then travel to the seminal vesicles (which secrete material to help the sperm move) and to the ejaculatory duct leading to the _____ _____ and the urethra.

Answer 8

prostate gland

Question 9

the prostate gland also secretes prostatic fluid, which provides a milky color to _____ (a mixture of sperm and secretions from the seminal vesicles, Cowper’s glands, and prostate), and helps the sperm move.

Answer 9

semen

Question 10

just below the prostate are the two _____ _____ (_____ _____) that also secrete a fluid that neutralizes the acidity of the male urethra prior to ejaculation.

Answer 10

bulbourethral glands; Cowper’s glands

Question 11

the urethra passes through the _____ to the outside of the body.

Answer 11

penis

Question 12

the tip of the penis is called the ____ ____.

Answer 12

glans penis

Question 13

between the penis and the anus is the area called the _____.

Answer 13

perineum

Question 14

a sensitive area covered by the _____ (prepuce).

Answer 14

foreskin

Question 15

the spermatozoon is a microscopic cell, much smaller than an ovum. It has a head region that carries genetic material (chromosomes) and a tail (____) that propels the sperm forward.

Answer 15

flagellum

Question 16

during _____, hundreds of million of sperm forward.

Answer 16

ejaculation

Question 17

andr/o

Answer 17

men

Question 18

balan/o

Answer 18

glans penis

Question 19

epididym/o

Answer 19

epididymis

Question 20

orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o

Answer 20

testes

Question 21

prostat/o

Answer 21

prostate gland

Question 22

scrot/o

Answer 22

scrotum

Question 23

semin/o

Answer 23

semen

Question 24

serm/o, spermat/o

Answer 24

sperm

Question 25

vas/o

Answer 25

vessel; ductus deferens

Question 26

inflammation of the testis is _____itis.

Answer 26

orch-

Question 27

any disease peculiar to men to _____pathy.

Answer 27

andro-

Question 28

sperm production is _____genesis.

Answer 28

spermato-

Question 29

inflammation of the glans penis is _____itis.

Answer 29

balan-

Question 30

_____plasty is surgical repair of the epididymis.

Answer 30

epididymo-

Question 31

_____itis is inflammation of the prostate.

Answer 31

prostat-

Question 32

a medical checkup for males usually includes a ____-____ ____(PSA) ____, a blood test to screen for abnormal prostatic growth, which can be associated with prostate cancer.

Answer 32

prostate-specific antigen test

Question 33

if a couple is having fertility problems, a ____ ____ is done to determine the quantity and quality of the male partner's sperm.

Answer 33

semen analysis

Question 34

x-ray or imaging procedures are used to further test for abnormalities or blockages. A _____ is an x-ray of the urethra and prostate.

Answer 34

urethrogram

Question 35

swelling of the breast tissue in males is _____. It may be caused by an imbalance of hormones, medications, and liver disease.

Answer 35

gynecomastia

Question 36

birth or developmental defects affect the functioning of the reproductive system. An undescending testicle (_____ or _____) means that the normal descending of the testicle into the scrotal sac does not take place during gestation and requires surgery to place it properly.

Answer 36

cryptorchism; cryptorchidism

Question 37

_____ or _____ is the lack of one or both testes.

Answer 37

anorchism; anorchia

Question 38

a _____ is a painless fluid-filled sac around one or both testicles that causes the scrotum to swell.

Answer 38

hydrocele

Question 39

_____ is an abnormal opening of the urethra on the underside of the penis.

Answer 39

hypospadias

Question 40

_____ is an abnormal opening on the top side of the penis.

Answer 40

epispadias

Question 41

the birth defect _____ is an abnormal narrowing of the foreskin over the glans penis (only in uncircumcised males)

Answer 41

phimosis

Question 42

as the male matures, infections and various other medical conditions may cause ______, an inability to produce enough viable sperm to fertilize an ovum or an inability to deliver sperm to the proper location in the vagina.

Answer 42

infertility

Question 43

_____ is the inability to produce sperm

Answer 43

aspermia

Question 44

______ is semen without living sperm

Answer 44

azoospermia

Question 45

_____ is the scanty production of sperm.

Answer 45

oligospermia

Question 46

medical or psychological conditions may cause _____ (penile erectile dysfunction) inability to maintain an erection for ejaculation

Answer 46

impotence

Question 47

_____ is a persistent, painful erection, usually related to other medical conditions.

Answer 47

priapism

Question 48

_____, abnormal protrusion of part of a tissue or organ out of its normal space through a barrier, may occur in the male reproductive system.

Answer 48

hernia

Question 49

a _____ is a group of herniated veins near the testes.

Answer 49

varicocele

Question 50

various inflammation occur in the male reproductive system. _____ is any inflammation of the prostate.

Answer 50

prostatitis

Question 51

_____ is an inflammation of the glans penis

Answer 51

balanitis

Question 52

_____ is an inflammation of the epididymis.

Answer 52

epididymitis

Question 53

benign prostatic hyperplasia

Answer 53

BPH

Question 54

erectile dysfunction

Answer 54

follicle-stimulating hormones

Question 55

human papillomavirus

Answer 55

HPV

Question 56

luteinizing hormone

Answer 56

LH

Question 57

sexually transmitted infection

Answer 57

STI

Question 58

transurethral resection

Answer 58

TUR

Question 59

transurethral resection of the prostate

Answer 59

TURP

Question 60

the most common surgery of the male reproductive system is _____, the removal of the foreskin or prepuce.

Answer 60

circumcision

Question 60

various operations to remove cancerous or infected parts of the reproductive system are an _____, removal of an epididymis.

Answer 60

epididymectomy

Question 61

an _____ or ______, removal of one or both testicles

Answer 61

orchiectomy; orchidectomy

Question 62

a _____, removal of the prostate gland, which may be done through the perineum or above the pubic bone.

Answer 62

prostatectomy

Question 63

_____ (TURP) is the removal of a portion of the prostate through the urethra.

Answer 63

transurethral resection of the prostate

Question 64

_____ is the removal of the part of the vas deferens as a method of birth control.

Answer 64

vasectomy

Question 65

a _____ is the reversing of a vasectomy so the male regains fertility.

Answer 65

vasovasostomy

Question 66

_____ is the surgical removal of both testicles in the male or a bilateral orchiectomy.

Answer 66

castration