Chapter 4- Body Structure and Organization

Question 1

______ tissue is able to contract and expand allowing the body to move.

Answer 1

muscle

Question 2

The fibrous substance that holds and connects body parts together is _____ tissue. Examples are bones, ligaments, and tendons

Answer 2

connective

Question 3

Any group of _____ that work together to perform a single function is ______. The body has _____ types of tissue

Answer 3

cells; tissue; four

Question 4

Tissue that carries messages to and from the brain and spinal cord from all parts of the body is _____ tissue.

Answer 4

nerve

Question 5

_____ tissue covers the internal and external body surfaces. Skin and internal organs (such as the intestines) are also _____ tissue.

Answer 5

epithelial

Question 6

groups of organs that work together to perform one of the body’s major functions form a _____.

Answer 6

system

Question 7

The _____ system consists of the skin and the accessory structure derived from it (hair, nails, sweat glands, and oil glands).

Answer 7

integumentary

Question 8

The system that support the body; protects organs; provides body movement; and includes muscles, bones, and cartilage is the _____ system.

Answer 8

musculoskeletal

Question 9

the body system that includes the lungs and airways and performs breathing is the _____ system.

Answer 9

respiratory

Question 10

The _____ system regulates most body activities and sends and receives messages from the sensory organs. This system consists of the ______, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves.

Answer 10

nervous; brain

Question 11

The system that includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra is the _____ system. It eliminates metabolic waste, helps to maintain acid-base and water-salt balance, and helps regulate blood pressure.

Answer 11

urinary

Question 12

The system that controls reproduction and heredity and is either male or female is the ______ system

Answer 12

reproductive

Question 13

the _____ system includes blood and all its components

Answer 13

blood

Question 14

the _____ and _____ system includes the lymph, the glands and vessels of the _____ system and the nonspecific and specific defense ______ system.

Answer 14

lymphatic; immune

Question 15

The system that includes the glands that secrete the hormones that regulate many of the body’s activities is the _____ system.

Answer 15

endocrine

Question 16

the ______ system covers the eyes and ears and those parts of other systems that are involved in the reactions of the five senses

Answer 16

sensory

Question 17

the body has two main cavities (spaces): the _____ and the _____ cavities.

Answer 17

dorsal; ventral

Question 18

the dorsal cavity, on the _____side of the body, is divided into the _____ cavity, which holds the brain, and the _____ cavity, which holds the spinal cord.

Answer 18

back; cranial; spinal

Question 19

The ventral cavity, on the _____side of the body, is divided into the _____cavity, which holds the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, and the _____ cavity, which holds the organs of the digestive and urinary systems.

Answer 19

front; thoracic; abdominal

Question 20

The _____ is the muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities.

Answer 20

diaphragm

Question 21

The bottom portion of the abdominal cavity is called the _____ cavity, which contains the reproductive system.

Answer 21

pelvic

Question 22

anter/o

Answer 22

near or toward the front side, ventral

Question 23

poster/o

Answer 23

near or toward the back side, behind, dorsal

Question 24

ventr/o

Answer 24

near or toward the front side

Question 24

dors/o

Answer 24

near or toward the back side

Question 24

medi/o

Answer 24

middle

Question 25

super/o

Answer 25

above

Question 26

infer/o

Answer 26

below

Question 27

proxim/o

Answer 27

near or at point of attachment

Question 28

dist/o

Answer 28

far or away from point of attachment

Question 29

The largest divisions of the body are the front side, referred to as _____ or _____, and the back side, referred to as _____ or _____.

Answer 29

anterior; ventral; posterior; dorsal

Question 30

_____ means below another structure, while ______ means above another structure.

Answer 30

inferior; superior

Question 31

_____ means to the side, as the eyes are to the nose. _____ means middle, as the nose is to the eyes.

Answer 31

lateral; medial

Question 32

Through or away from the surface _____; at or near the surface is ______.

Answer 32

deep; superficial

Question 33

Near the point of attachment to the trunk is _____. For example, the end of the thigh bone joins the hip bone.

Answer 33

proximal

Question 34

away from the point of attachment to the trunk is _____. For example, the _____ end of the thigh bone forms the knee.

Answer 34

distal

Question 35

for examination purposes, patients are either lying on their spine facing upward (_____) or lying on their abdomen with their face down(_____).

Answer 35

supine; prone

Question 36

the imaginary line that divides the body into anterior and posterior postiions is the ______ or ______ plane.

Answer 36

frontal; coronal

Question 37

the ______ plane is the imaginary line that divides the body into equal right and left halves.

Answer 37

midsagittal

Question 38

the imaginary line that intersects the body horizontialy and divides the body into upper and liver sections is the _____ plane.

Answer 38

transverse

Question 39

the ____ or ____ plane is parallel to the medial plane and divides the body into left and right sections

Answer 39

sagittal; lateral

Question 40

the area of the abdomen that contains parts of the liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and intestinal tract is the _____.

Answer 40

righ upper quadrant

Question 41

the _____ is the abdominal area that contains parts of the intestines and parts of reproductive organs in females.

Answer 41

left lower quadrant

Question 42

the area of the abdomen that contains the stomach, spleen, and parts of the liver, pancreas, and intestines is the _____.

Answer 42

left upper quadrant

Question 43

the _____ is the abdominal area that contains the appendix, parts of the intestines, and parts of the reproductive organs in females.

Answer 43

right lower quadrant

Question 44

the left and right regions of the body in the back and sides between the lowest ribs and the pelvis are the _____ regions

Answer 44

lumbar

Question 45

the _____ or _____ regions are the two regions near the upper protions of the hip bone

Answer 45

iliac; inguinal

Question 46

the area above the stomach is the _____ region.

Answer 46

epigastric

Question 47

the area just below the umbilical region is the _____ region

Answer 47

hypogastric

Question 48

the area surrounding the navel is the ______ region.

Answer 48

umbilical

Question 49

the two regions just below the cartilage of the ribs, immediately over the abdomen, are the _____ regions.

Answer 49

hypochondriac

Question 50

LUQ

Answer 50

left upper quadrant

Question 50

LLQ

Answer 50

left lower quadrant

Question 51

RLQ

Answer 51

right lower quadrant

Question 52

RUQ

Answer 52

right upper quadrant

Question 53

lat

Answer 53

lateral

Question 54

AP

Answer 54

anteroposterior (from front to back)