Chapter 18 slides and handouts

Question 1

what the function of a tropic hormone

Answer 1

primary function is regulation of hormone secretion by an endocrine gland

Question 2

give an example of a tropic hormone

Answer 2

TSH is released from anterior pituitary gland to have influence on TH which is released from thyroid gland

Question 3

what are the many ways one hormone can affect another hormones activity

Answer 3

down regulation, permissiveness, synergism and antagonism

Question 4

describe down regulation

Answer 4

prevents the target cells from overreacting to a prolonged high concentration of a hormone

Question 5

describe permissiveness

Answer 5

one hormone must be present in adequate amounts to “permit” another hormone

Question 6

describe synergism

Answer 6

actions of several hormones are complementary

Question 7

describe antagonism

Answer 7

one hormone causes the loss of another hormones receptors

Question 8

vasopressin/ADH
- anterior or posterior
- function

Answer 8

• posterior
• conserves H2O during urine formation and causes contraction of anterior smooth muscle

Question 9

oxytocin
- anterior or posterior
- function

Answer 9

• posterior
• stimulates contraction of uterine smooth muscle and promotes ejection of milk

Question 10

growth hormone (GH)
- secreted by ___
- function
-anterior or posterior

Answer 10

• somatotropes
• regulates overall body growth
• anterior

Question 11

thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
- secreted by ___
- function
-anterior or posterior

Answer 11

• thyrotropes
• stimulates thyroid gland to secrete thyroid hormone
• anterior

Question 12

adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
- secreted by ___
- function
- anterior or posterior

Answer 12

• cortiotropes
• stimulates adrenal cortex to produce cortisol
• anterior

Question 13

follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
- secreted by ___
- function
- anterior or posterior

Answer 13

• gonadotropes
• regulates gamete production
• anterior

Question 14

luteinizing hormone (LH)
- secreted by ___
- function
- anterior or posterior

Answer 14

• gonadotropes
• controls sex hormone secretions
• anterior

Question 15

prolactin (PRL)
- secreted by ___
- function
- anterior or posterior

Answer 15

• lactotropes
• breast development and lactation
• anterior

Question 16

acromegaly

Answer 16

hypersecretion of GH in adulthood

Question 17

pineal gland

Answer 17

regulates circadian rhythm

Question 18

gigantism

Answer 18

hyper secretion of GH in childhood

Question 19

osteoclasts

Answer 19

cells that dissolve bone

Question 20

osteoblasts

Answer 20

cells that build bone

Question 21

dwarfism

Answer 21

hyper secretion of GH in childhood

Question 22

insulin like growth factor
- organ
- action

Answer 22

• liver
• acts on protein synthesis, increased cell division and bone growth

Question 23

melatonin
- organ
- action

Answer 23

• penal gland
• sacrcadian rhythm and sleep/wake cycle